中国环角圆Yao属Papirioides亚属一新种（弹尾目：齿Yao科）

本文描述了采自中国江苏的环角圆Ｙａｏ属Ｐａｐｉｒｉｏｉｄｅｓ亚属一新种：苏州环角圆Ｙａｏ Ｐｔｅｎｏｔｈｒｉｘ（Ｐａｐｉｒｉｏｉｄｅｓ）ｓｕｚｈｏｕｅｎｓｉｓ，ｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．。模式标本保存在南京大学生物系。     

山西省异爪蝗属二新种（直翅目：网翅蝗科）

本文记述在晋南地区采到的异爪蝗属二新种,黑条异爪蝗Euchorthippus nigiliineatus sp.nov.及曲线异爪蝗Eochorthippus sinucarinatus sp.nov.     

追溯山茱萸科植物的性状进化和生物地理学历史——方法选择的影响?

This study compares results on reconstructing the ancestral state of characters and ancestral areas of distribution in Cornaceae to gain insights into the impact of using different analytical methods. Ancestral character state reconstructions were compared among three methods (parsimony, maximum likelihood, and stochastic character mapping) using MESQUITE and a full Bayesian method in BAYESTRAITS and inferences of ancestral area distribution were compared between the parsimony-based dispersal-vicariance analysis (DIVA) and a newly developed maximum likelihood (ML) method. Results indicated that among the six inflorescence and fruit characters examined, "perfect" binary characters (no homoplasy, no polymorphism within terminals, and no missing data) are little affected by choice of method, while homoplasious characters and missing data are sensitive to methods used. Ancestral areas at deep nodes of the phylogeny are substantially different between DIVA and ML and strikingly different between analyses including and excluding fossils at three deepest nodes. These results, while raising caution in making conclusions on trait evolution and historical biogeography using conventional methods, demonstrate a limitation in our current understanding of character evolution and biogeography. The biogeographic history favored by the ML analyses including fossils suggested the origin and early radiation of Cornus likely occurred in the late Cretaceous and earliest Tertiary in Europe and intercontinental disjunctions in three lineages involved movements across the North Atlantic Land Bridge (BLB) in the early and mid Tertiary. This result is congruent with the role of NALB for post-Eocene migration and in connecting tropical floras in North America and Africa, and in eastern Asia and South America. However, alternative hypotheses with an origin in eastern Asia and early Trans-Beringia migrations of the genus cannot be ruled out.     

齿匙同蝽

<正>齿匙同蝽Elasmucha fieberi(Jakovlev),隶属于半翅目Hemiptera,同蝽科Acanthosomatidae。体长8mm左右,体宽4mm左右,身体棕绿色或灰褐色,具黑色刻点,头顶刻点粗糙密集。雄虫触角