首页 | 本学科首页   官方微博 | 高级检索  
文章检索
  按 检索   检索词:      
出版年份:   被引次数:   他引次数: 提示:输入*表示无穷大
  收费全文   175篇
  免费   39篇
  国内免费   63篇
  2023年   9篇
  2022年   24篇
  2021年   22篇
  2020年   15篇
  2019年   17篇
  2018年   13篇
  2017年   19篇
  2016年   14篇
  2015年   11篇
  2014年   20篇
  2013年   18篇
  2012年   18篇
  2011年   12篇
  2010年   15篇
  2009年   14篇
  2008年   3篇
  2007年   6篇
  2006年   8篇
  2005年   9篇
  2004年   1篇
  2003年   1篇
  2002年   2篇
  2001年   3篇
  1997年   1篇
  1996年   1篇
  1974年   1篇
排序方式: 共有277条查询结果,搜索用时 31 毫秒
1.
长江三峡淹没区与移民安置区植物多样性及其保护策略   总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5  
随着三峡大坝的修建,三峡地区淹没区和移民安置区的植物多样性调查与保护工作相继展开。从多年考察采集到的标本及历史资料补充确定,两区高等植物为170科,762属,1784种。分别占到三峡地区高等植物科、属、种数的85.85%,75.30%和59.19%。其中特有植物27种。而三峡地区的灌木和草丛群落基本分布在沿江两岸的低海拔地区,受水库蓄水影响较大。对两区内21个马尾松(Pinus massoniana)群落物种多样性进行的Shannon-Wiener指数及Pielou均匀度指数的测定结果表明,马尾松群落的多样性变化总体趋势为:灌木层>草本层>乔木层;对该地区具有代表性的11种灌丛类型进行的物种多样性指数的测定结果表明:盐肤木(Rhus chinensis)、毛黄栌(Cotinus coggygriavar.pubescens)、荆条(Vitex negundo)、马桑(Coriaria sinic)等4种群落的灌木层丰富度较高,分别为16,26,20和15。多样性指数分别为1.791,3.427,2.949和1.718;对沿江分布的9种主要草丛群落进行的物种多样性指数的测定结果表明:芒萁(Dicranopteris dichotoma)、五节芒(Miscanthus floridutus)、白茅(Imperatacylindricavar.major)、荩草(Arthraxon hispidus)等4种海拔分布较高的群落物种多样性指数较高,分别达到1.697,1.354,1.144和1.018。另外,对淹没区及移民安置区的物种调查结果显示:受淹的自然植被类型共有22种。其中木本群落4种,灌丛9种,草丛9种。小鞍叶羊蹄甲(Bauhinia brachycarpavar.microphylla)、中华蚊母树(Distylium chinensis)、水杨梅(Geum aleppicum)、小叶黄杨(Buxus sinica var.parvifolia)、铁仔(Myrsine africana)、疏花水柏枝(Myricaria laxiflora)等灌丛被全部淹没;巫溪叶底珠(Securinega wuxiensis)、宜昌黄杨(Buxus ichangensis)和荷叶铁线蕨(Adiantum reniformevar.sinense)大部分被淹没。目前,已建立了库区植物物种保护站及监测站,200多种植物已得到迁地保护,包括已列入中国植物红皮书的37种珍濒物种和11种三峡库区建群种。  相似文献   
2.
Water sustainability indices have been recently used to measure the sustainability of water resources within a catchment. Developing a sustainability index involves various steps, some of which have uncertainties associated with them. For the recently developed West Java Water Sustainability Index (WJWSI), three sources of uncertainties were identified, namely uncertainties in the thresholds of non-categorical indicators and sub-indicators, in the weighting schemes, and in the aggregation methods. This paper presents the uncertainty and sensitivity analysis of WJWSI, based on the application of WJWSI to Citarum catchment in West Java, Indonesia. The results of the uncertainty analysis, measured by the coefficient of variation of the thresholds and the sub-indices, indicates that minimum thresholds of Land Use Changes, Coverage, Education, Poverty, Health Impact and Sanitation, and the maximum threshold of Water Quality have higher variation when compared to variation of the other thresholds. The results of the sensitivity analysis, measured by the correlation coefficients between the final index and the thresholds, indicate that changes in the thresholds of WJWSI indicators have not significantly affected the sub-index values of most indicators and sub-indicators. The sensitivity analysis also concluded that either the equal or non-equal weighting scheme can be used for future use of the aggregation of WJWSI indicators and sub-indicators, as changes from equal to non-equal weighting scheme did not significantly affect the final index. However, it was found that the final index values were most sensitive to the aggregation method used (i.e. arithmetic and geometric methods), shown by the significant changes in the final index value when the aggregation method was changed from arithmetic to geometric. The uncertainty and sensitivity analysis presented in this study will not just assist in the efficient use of the WJWSI, but will also help undertake similar analysis for other indices.  相似文献   
3.
Bioprocess and Biosystems Engineering - In-depth understanding of indigenous microbial assemblages resulted from aged contamination by polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) is of vital importance...  相似文献   
4.
5.
Folate derivatives are crucial growth factors for Ketogulonigenium vulgare which is used in mixed culture with Bacillus megaterium for the industrial production of 2-keto-l-gulonic acid (2-KGA), the precursor of l-ascorbic acid (l-AA) or vitamin C (Vc). To improve the growth and 2-KGA production, five genes involved in folate biosynthesis identified in a folate gene cluster from Lactococcus lactis MG1363, including folB, folKE, folP, folQ and folC, were over-expressed in K. vulgare. Intracellular folate concentration in the recombinant strain harboring folate biosynthesis genes cluster under the control of Psdh (sorbose dehydrogenase gene sdh promoter from K. vulgare) was 8 times higher than that of the wildtype K. vulgare DSM 4025 (P < 0.001). In shake flask studies, the cell density and 2-KGA production of the recombinant K. vulgare Rif (pMCS2PsdhfolBC) were increased by 18% (P < 0.001) and 14% (P < 0.001), respectively, under a relatively stable pH 7 condition. In fermentor studies, enhancements around 25% cell density (P < 0.001) and approximately 35% 2-KGA productivity (P < 0.001) were observed in comparison with the controls without over-expressing the folate biosynthesis genes. This was the first successful study of metabolic engineering on K. vulgare for enhanced 2-KGA production.  相似文献   
6.
摘要 目的:分析我院2015-2018年度抗菌药物的使用强度与鲍曼不动杆菌的耐药性的关系。方法:统计2015年1月~2018年12月北京中医医院顺义医院抗菌药物的应用情况以及鲍曼不动杆菌的耐药性。鲍曼不动杆菌的耐药性资料来源于检验科临床送检的伤口分泌物、痰液、血液、尿液等病原学标本。结果:2015年~2018年,共分离到菌株13246株,其中分离到鲍曼不动杆菌株1927株,分离率为14.55 %。其中 2015 年的分离率为3.11 %,2016年的分离率为4.51 %,2017 年的分离率为5.15 %,2018 年的分离率为2.11 %;鲍曼不动杆菌标本分离率最高的为痰液,占78.83 %,其次为伤口分泌物,占12.51 %,尿液标本占5.81 %,血液标本占2.85 %;鲍曼不动杆菌在我院所有致病菌中的排序均为第一位或者第二位;2015年~2018年抗菌药物的使用强度逐年升高,2018年有所降低;2015年~2018年鲍曼不动杆菌对哌拉西林钠他唑巴坦钠、美洛培南以及亚胺培南的耐药率均逐年升高,2018年有所降低;哌拉西林钠他唑巴坦钠、美洛培南以及亚胺培南的耐药性与抗菌药物使用强度之间具有明显的相关性(P<0.05)。结论:哌拉西林钠他唑巴坦钠、美洛培南以及亚胺培南的使用,是造成鲍曼不动杆菌耐药的重要原因之一,临床应加以重视。  相似文献   
7.
目的:探讨脓毒症患者血清肿瘤坏死因子受体相关因子(Tumor necrosis factor receptor-related factor,TRAF)-6、单核细胞趋化蛋白(Monocyte chemotactic protein,MCP)-1、可溶性髓样细胞触发受体(Soluble myeloid cell trigger receptor,s TREM)-1、白介素(Interleukin,IL)-33水平的变化及与病情严重程度及合并急性肾损伤(acute kidney injury, AKI)的相关性。方法:选择2014年2月到2018年7月在我医院ICU病房进行诊治的脓毒症患者145例,分析脓毒症相关性急性肾损伤(sepsis-associated AKI,SAKI)的发生情况,比较SAKI和非SAKI患者血清TRAF-6、MCP-1、s TREM-1、IL-33水平,采用Pearson相关分析血清TRAF-6、MCP-1、s TREM-1、IL-33含量与APACHEⅡ评分、SOFA评分的相关性,多因素logistic回归分析脓毒症患者发生SAKI的影响因素。结果:在145例患者中,发生SAKI者69例,发生率为47.6%。SAKI组患者的年龄、性别、原发病、白细胞(white blood cell,WBC)计数、C反应蛋白(C reactive protein,CRP)、降钙素原(procalcitonin,PCT)、体重指数、BUN、Scr与eGFR值与非SAKI组患者对比差异均无统计学意义(P0.05)。SAKI组患者APACHEⅡ评分、SOFA评分血清TRAF-6、MCP-1、s TREM-1、IL-33含水平含量均显著高于非SAKI组患者(P0.05)。Pearson相关性分析显示血清TRAF-6、MCP-1、s TREM-1、IL-33水平与SAKI患者的急性生理和慢性健康Ⅱ(acute physiology and chronic health evaluation II,APACHEⅡ)评分、序贯多器官功能障碍(sequential organ failure assessment,SOFA)评分均呈显著正相关性(P0.05)。logistic回归分析显示血清TRAF-6、MCP-1、s TREM-1、IL-33水平升高均为影响SAKI发生的独立危险因素(P0.05)。结论:血清TRAF-6、MCP-1、s TREM-1、IL-33水平与脓毒症严重程度显著相关,可能作为诊断和治疗SAKI的参考指标及干预靶点。  相似文献   
8.
《Ecological Engineering》2005,24(3):185-198
In 2001, to foster the practical development of constructed wetlands (CWs) used for domestic wastewater treatment in Turkey, vertical subsurface flow constructed wetlands (30 m2 of each) were implemented on the campus of the METU, Ankara, Turkey. The main objective of the research was to quantify the effect of different filter media on the treatment performance of vertical flow wetlands in the prevailing climate of Ankara. Thus, a gravel-filled wetland and a blast furnace granulated iron slag-filled wetland were operated identically with primarily treated domestic wastewater (3 m3 d−1) at a hydraulic loading rate of 0.100 m d−1, intermittently. Both of the wetland cells were planted with Phragmites australis. According to the first year results, average removal efficiencies for the slag and gravel wetland cells were as follows: total suspended solids (TSS) (63% and 59%), chemical oxygen demand (COD) (47% and 44%), NH4+–N (88% and 53%), total nitrogen (TN) (44% and 39%), PO43−-P (44% and 1%) and total phosphorus (TP) (45% and 4%). The treatment performances of the slag-filled wetland were better than that of the gravel-filled wetland in terms of removal of phosphorus and production of nitrate. Since this study was a pioneer for implementation of subsurface constructed wetlands in Turkey using local sources, it has proved that this eco-technology could also be used effectively for water quality enhancement in Turkey.  相似文献   
9.
Zhang  Wen  Sun  Yuzhe  Liu  Jia  Xu  Chao  Zou  Xinhui  Chen  Xun  Liu  Yanlei  Wu  Ping  Yang  Xueying  Zhou  Shiliang 《Plant molecular biology》2021,105(3):215-228
Key message

We applied the phylogenomics to clarify the concept of rice species, aid in the identification and use of rice germplasms, and support rice biodiversity.

Abstract

Rice (genus Oryza) is one of the most important crops in the world, supporting half of the world’s population. Breeding of high-yielding and quality cultivars relies on genetic resources from both cultivated and wild species, which are collected and maintained in seed banks. Unfortunately, numerous seeds are mislabeled due to taxonomic issues or misidentifications. Here, we applied the phylogenomics of 58 complete chloroplast genomes and two hypervariable nuclear genes to determine species identity in rice seeds. Twenty-one Oryza species were identified. Conspecific relationships were determined between O. glaberrima and O. barthii, O. glumipatula and O. longistaminata, O. grandiglumis and O. alta, O. meyeriana and O. granulata, O. minuta and O. malampuzhaensis, O. nivara and O. sativa subsp. indica, and O. sativa subsp. japonica and O. rufipogon. D and L genome types were not found and the H genome type was extinct. Importantly, we evaluated the performance of four conventional plant DNA barcodes (matK, rbcL, psbA-trnH, and ITS), six rice-specific chloroplast DNA barcodes (psaJ-rpl33, trnC-rpoB, rps16-trnQ, rpl22-rps19, trnK-matK, and ndhC-trnV), two rice-specific nuclear DNA barcodes (NP78 and R22), and a chloroplast genome super DNA barcode. The latter was the most reliable marker. The six rice-specific chloroplast barcodes revealed that 17% of the 53 seed accessions from rice seed banks or field collections were mislabeled. These results are expected to clarify the concept of rice species, aid in the identification and use of rice germplasms, and support rice biodiversity.

  相似文献   
10.
Due to the intensive mixing polymictic lakes should be homogenous. However, morphometric diversity and high water dynamics contribute to the differentiation of many parameters in various areas of the lakes. This study analyzes both phytoplankton and zooplankton to assess differences in water quality along the north–south axis of the longest lake in Poland. New phytoplankton indicators were applied for determining the lake's ecological status: the Q index based on functional groups and the PMPL (Phytoplankton Metric for Polish Lakes) index based on phytoplankton biomass. TSIROT index (Rotifer Trophic State Index), which comprises the percentage of species indicating a high trophic state in the indicatory group and the percentage of bacteriovorus in the Rotifera population, was used for zooplankton analysis.TP content was different at different sites – we observed its gradual increase from the south to the north. Spatial variation of phosphorus did not considerably affect plankton diversity. The phytoplankton was dominated by Oscillatoriales, typical of shallow, well-mixed eutrophic lakes. The ecological status of the lake based on the EQR (Ecological Quality Ratio) was poor or moderate. The zooplankton was dominated by rotifers (at almost all sites), which indicates a eutrophic state of the lake. The values of phytoplankton indices at the studied sites did not differ considerably; the differences resulted more from local conditions such as the contaminant inflow and the macrophyte development than water dynamics.We have demonstrated that in the lake dominated by filamentous Cyanobacteria the ecological status should be determined according to the PMPL index or other indices dependent on the dominant Cyanobacteria species. Since the Q index does not include the functional group S1, the results can lead to the false conclusion that water quality improves with an increased amount of phytoplankton. The high abundance of Cyanobacteria in the lake may have contributed to the poor growth of rotifers.  相似文献   
设为首页 | 免责声明 | 关于勤云 | 加入收藏

Copyright©北京勤云科技发展有限公司  京ICP备09084417号