迪庆藏猪的遗传多样性研究

采用水平板淀粉凝胶电泳法检测了52头迪庆藏猪的13个血液蛋白座位的多态性，并计算各座位等位基因的频率及其估计误差以及基因频率估计值的精确度和可靠性。结果发现，迪庆藏猪在Tf、Cp、Am、Hp、6PGD、CEs、Ca共7个座位表现出多态性，并分别受控于3、2、5、5、2、2、3个常染色体等位基因。其余6个座位(Pa 、EsD、 PHI、 PGM、 G6PD、 MDH)未检测出多态性。  

湖羊、同羊12个同工酶座位的检测

Gene frequencies of Hu sheep and Tong sheep were obtained with “Random sampling in typical colonies of a central area“.of the 12 loci tested in Hu shpee.11 loci were polymorphic.Reliability of the estimated frequencies of 27 alleles reached 0.95 except for Po^F,Tf^A,Tfd,Hb-β^A and CAF which had reliabilities of 0.5222,0.7478,0.5222,0.6212 and 0.899,respectively,Of the 12 loci tested in Tong sheep,11 loci were polymorphic.Reliability of the estimated frequency of 25 alleles reached 0.95 except for Tf^A,Tf^E and CAF which had reliabilities of 0.931,0.6922 and 0.7924,respectively.The average heterozygosity(H) and average homozygosity(J) was computed and the J of the two sheep colonies was 0.6619 and 0.6448,respectively.Consistent with our conclusions based on genetic data,previous research divided the native sheep populations of East and South Central Asia into three group:the “mongolian group“ “south-Asian group“and “European group“ .Consequently,the degree of genetic similarity between populations and known groups would seem to provide a reliable means of determining the genetic relationships between populations and may reflect the true genetic origin of Hu sheep and Tong sheep in China.  

利用12个血液蛋白和非蛋白标记分析同羊起源及系统地位

采用典型群随机抽样在陕西省白水县抽取同羊样本。采用淀粉凝胶和醋酸纤维薄膜检测12个的结构基因座位的遗传多型性,结果在同羊中发现10个多型座位：运铁蛋白（Tf）、碱性磷酸酶（Alp）、亮氨酸氨肽酶（Lap）、芳基酯酶（Ary-Es）、血红蛋白β（Hb-β）、X-蛋白（X-p）、碳酸酐酶（CA）、过氧化氢酶（Cat）、苹果酸脱氢酶（MDH）和赖氨酸（Ly）;而白蛋白（Al）和后白蛋白（Po）为单态。采用遗传贴近度和系统关系聚类分析两种方法分析同羊起源及系统地位。结果表明两种方法均支持同羊属于蒙古羊系统,同羊起源于蒙古羊,这与同羊的育成史实相符。和聚类分析方法相比,遗传贴近度分析方法可以更为有效地用于中亚以东南绵羊群体的血统判别,可以更有效地反映同羊的育成过程。  

林麝泌香的分子机制研究进展

林麝(Moschus berezovskii)是国家Ⅰ级重点保护野生动物,以分泌麝香而闻名。麝香是雄性林麝的香腺分泌的特殊物质。由于过度猎杀取香、栖息地破碎等原因,野生林麝的数量急剧下降至濒危。自1950年代以来,我国开展了人工养殖林麝,积累了丰富经验,取得了一定成果,但在林麝营养需要、饲料加工与饲养管理、遗传特征与选育、繁殖、泌香机理与取香等基础理论及关键技术方面研究进展不大,所以,林麝种群扩繁速度低,种群规模不大,麝香产量不高。本文综述了近年来有关林麝香腺的显微与超微结构、麝香的分泌形成过程、利用分子标记研究麝香的分泌、性激素基因与林麝麝香分泌的关系、林麝泌香相关基因组与转录组研究等方面的研究进展,以期为深入研究林麝泌香的分子机制提供参考。