Isolation of transcription factors binding auxin response elements using a yeast one-hybrid system

Plant hormones play an important role during higher plant embryogenesis. Auxin is central to the development of vascular tissues, formation of lateral and adventitious roots, control of apical dominance, and tropic responses. Auxin response element (AuxRE), present in the promoters of many auxin-induced genes, can confer auxin responsiveness. Using carrot somatic embryo under specific developmental phase, a cDNA expression library was constructed. Several plasmids were recombined containing the tetramer of AuxRE as a bait. After screening by a yeast one-hybrid system, one positive clone was confirmed and characterized. Electrophoretic mobility shift assay showed that AxRF1 protein expressed in yeast cell could bind AuxRE in vitro. It suggests that AxRF1 participates in regulation of the expression of auxin responsive gene during carrot somatic embryogenesis.     

酵母单杂交系统分离胡萝卜生长素应答元件结合因子

高等植物胚根发育过程中, 生长素是植物细胞进行分裂、延伸和分化的信号, 对根的形成等起着不可缺少的促进作用. 生长素应答元件(AuxRE)存在于很多生长素诱导基因的启动子中, 并具有对生长素作用的应答活性. 本研究构建了特定发育时期的胡萝卜体细胞胚cDNA-AD融合表达文库, 同时构建了含有生长素应答元件的重组报告质粒. 以生长素应答元件为诱饵, 通过酵母单杂交系统筛选获得1个阳性克隆, 该阳性克隆在酵母中表达的AxRF1蛋白能够在体外结合实验中与生长素应答元件结合, 对AxRF1是否有可能参与胡萝卜体细胞胚中生长素诱导基因的表达调控进行了讨论.     

Isolation of transcription factors binding auxin response elements using a yeast one-hybrid system

Plant hormones play an important role during higher plant embryogenesis. Auxin is central to the development of vascular tissues, formation of lateral and adventitious roots, control of apical dominance, and tropic responses. Auxin response element (AuxRE), present in the promoters of many auxin-induced genes, can confer auxin responsiveness. Using carrot somatic embryo under specific developmental phase, a cDNA expression library was constructed. Several plasmids were recombined containing the tetramer of AuxRE as a bait. After screening by a yeast one-hy-brid system, one positive clone was confirmed and characterized. Electrophoretic mobility shift assay showed that AxRF1 protein expressed in yeast cell could bind AuxRE in vitro. It suggests that AxRF1 participates in regulation of the expression of auxin responsive gene during carrot somatic embryogenesis.     

滇水金凤转录因子TT8的克隆及表达分析

为探究滇水金凤(Impatiens uliginosa L.)TT8(TRANSPARENT TESTA 8)基因的功能和表达特性,并解析其对滇水金凤花色的影响,研究以滇水金凤花器官为材料,通过RT-PCR等技术克隆IuTT8基因,并对其进行生物信息学分析;利用qRT-PCR分析该基因在不同花色和不同花发育阶段的表达模式。结果表明,(1)成功克隆得到滇水金凤IuTT8基因,其编码区全长为2 136 bp,编码711 aa,为亲水性不稳定蛋白,gDNA全长为3 938 bp,共有6个内含子;结构域分析发现该蛋白属于bHLH超家族成员,与喜马拉雅凤仙花、山茶等物种的TT8蛋白同源且Motif基序相似。(2)IuTT8与同属植物喜马拉雅凤仙花的聚在一支,相似性约86.34%;多序列比对和系统进化分析显示TT8蛋白的结构域高度保守。(3)IuTT8基因在4种不同花色滇水金凤及其4个不同发育阶段均有表达,除白色外,其表达量均随花发育的进行呈先升后降的趋势;且IuTT8基因的表达量与花色呈正相关,其中以深红色表达量最高,白色表达量最低,深红色S3的表达量约为白色S2时期的48倍。研究表明滇水金凤I...     

对粉蓝烟草与矮牵牛体细胞杂种植株的进一步观察

以亲本为对照,观察了粉蓝烟草和矮牵牛的体细胞杂种植株的叶片、气孔和花粉,发现杂种植株的叶片形态及其气孔大小、分布密度都与双亲有显著的差异。同时发现了杂种植株花粉的不育性。进一步证实了我们用原生质体融合的方法得到的植株是远缘杂种植株。     

植物基因工程的克隆载体

一、引言 长期以来,遗传学家和植物育种学家就一直努力应用常规的遗传育种手段,培育更加符合人类需要的优良的农作物新品种。特别是本世纪五十年代开始的所谓“绿色革命”。     

LpDH活性作为一种遗传标记在体细胞融合中的转移

用具有LpDH活性,但不能分化植株的烟草冠瘿瘤B 6 S 3为亲本的原生质体,和与之有相反特点的正常烟草xanthi品科叶肉原生质体间融合,由融合处理的原生质体形成了愈伤组织并再生了植株。对56株叶片的LpDH活性电脉分析表明,有75％植株含有不同程度的LpDH活性,即能合成章鱼碱。随植株发育成长,一些植株的LpDH活性有减弱或丢失现象。但叶片形态具有双亲部分特征,表明烟草冠瘿瘤的LpDHT活性标记可通过原生质体融合转移 到烟草xanthi细胞中。     

过氧化氢对蚕豆气孔运动和质膜K+通道的影响

不同浓度H2O2可使蚕豆(ViciafabaL.)叶片气孔关闭,抑制气孔张开,10mmol/L的H2O2最有效,10μmol/L的H2O2仍明显使气孔关闭。且10μmol/L的H2O2抑制气孔张开作用能被EGTA所消除,表明Ca2+参与低浓度H2O2使气孔关闭的过程。2mmol/L的H2O2可使质膜内向K+通道电流明显减小,而外向K+通道电流显著增加。因此,H2O2促进蚕豆气孔关闭主要是通过抑制K+通过保卫细胞质膜内向流入,或加强K+外向流出实现的。     

Structural feature of sorghum chloroplast psbA gene and regulation effects of its 5'-noncoding region*

Comparative analysis reveals remarkable homology between the sequences of both psbA gene nucleotides and the inferred amino acids of sorghum, a C_4 plant, and those of rice, a C_3 plant. The 5'-noncoding region of sorghum psbA gene contains the conservative promoter elements, "-35" element and "-10" element, like the prokaryote and the promoter element, TATA box, like the eukaryote. As compared with that of the rice, an extra sequence of 7 bp is found in the leader sequence of the mRNA in the former. Using an in vitro system, it has been demonstrated that protein factor exists in sorghum chloroplast protein extract which specifically binds to the 5'-noncoding region of psbA gene. Measurement of the expression of luciferase shows a 2—5 time greater reaction of the expression plasmids pALqs which contain leader region of sorghum psbA gene than that of the expression plasmids pALqr which contain leader region of rice psbA gene in E. coli.     

人工种子的研究现况

随着生物技术的不断发展,植物材料的工厂化生产越来越受到人们的重视。这不仅是因为它有巨大的商业价值,更重要的是它将彻底改观传统的农业生产,从而造福于整个人类。这项新技术的发展主要归功于植物组织和细胞培养及生物反应器技术的发展。人工种子概念的产生,就始于五十年代这两项技术的突破。