Crystal structure determination of a neutral neurotoxin BmK M4 from Buthus martensii Karsch at 0.20 nm

BmK M4 is a neutral neurotoxin in the BmK toxin series.It is medially toxic and belongs to group III α-toxins.The purified sample was crystallized in rhombic space group P61.Using an X-ray diffraction technique,the crystal structure of BmK M4 was revealed by molecular replacement at 0.20 nm resolution.The model was refined.The final crystallographic R factor was 0.142 and the free R factor was 0.173.The root mean square deviation is 0.001 5 nm for the bond length and 1.753°for the bond angles.64 water molecules were added to the asymmetric unit.The refined structure showed an unusual non-prolyl cis peptide bond at residue 10.The structure was compared with group II α-toxin BmK M8 (an acidic,weak toxin).The potential structural implications of the cis peptide bond were discussed.     

Purification, crystallization and preliminary crystallographic investigations of selenium-containing phycocyanin from selenium-rich algae ( Spirulina platensis )

The selenium-containing phycocyanin from the selenium-rich algae (Spirulina platensis) has been crystallized in two crystal forms by the hanging-drop vapor diffusion techniques. A chromatographic procedure of gel filtration and anion exchange was used for purification. Form I crystal with space group P2₁ and cell parameters a =108.0 ?, b= 117.0 ?, c = 184.0?, β= 90.2° and 12(αβ) units in the asymmetric unit was obtained by using (NH₄)₂SO₄ as precipitant. These crystals diffract up to 2.8 ?. Form II crystal obtained by using PEG4000 as precipitant belongs to space group P6₃ with unit cell constants a = 155.0 ?, c = 40.3 ?, γ =120.0° and one(αβ) unit in the asymmetric unit. The crystals diffract beyond 2.9 ?. The possible stacking forms of phycocyanin molecules in the first crystal form were discussed.     

拟南芥根系发育的分子机制研究进展

拟南芥初生根和次生根的发育受不同遗传通路所调控,其中内源激素途径尤其是生长素途径在拟南芥主根、侧根以及根毛的发育过程中均发挥着重要作用.同时也存在一些不依赖于激素通路的遗传途径,如UPB1能通过调节根尖分生区和伸长区活性氧种类的平衡来调控根系顶端分生组织活性,进而影响根系的生长.本文对近年来国内外有关模式植物拟南芥根系发育的分子机制研究进展分别从初生根发育、侧根发育和根毛发育3个方面进行综述.     

临床分离凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌细菌谱

目的了解玉溪市人民医院临床分离凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌（CNS）的菌种构成和耐药特征。方法对该院近6年来临床分离的808株CNS作回顾性分析。结果808株CNS共有16种;表皮葡萄球菌、腐生葡萄球菌和溶血葡萄球菌占CNS的77.2%;甲氧西林耐药（MRCNS）和甲氧西林敏感（MSCNS）各占63.3%和36.7%;β-内酰胺酶阳性检出率为84.5%,且MRCNS显著高于MSCNS（χ^2=50.88,P〈0.01）;药敏结果：MRCNS除万古霉素、呋喃妥因和利福平外,青霉素、氨苄西林等12种临床常用抗菌药物的耐药率在50.6%-100%,显示了高度的耐药性和多重耐药。结论CNS在临床标本中的检出范围广、种类多,以表皮葡萄球菌、腐生葡萄球菌和溶血葡萄球菌为主,MRCNS的高度耐药和多重耐药形势严重,加强CNS的细菌学监测非常必要。     

Chemical Constituents from the Seeds of Ziziphus jujuba var. Spinosa (Bunge) Hu

To search for new and bioactive minor components from traditional Chinese medicines, a new compound, named jujuphenoside (1), was isolated from the seeds of Ziziphusjujuba var. spinosa (Bunge)Hu. The structure of jujuphenoside was elucidated by spectral and chemical methods, particularly twodimensional nuclear magnetic resonance analysis. Together with the new compound, 22 known compounds were also isolated and identified from the seeds of Z. jujuba var. spinosa, among which, epiceanothic acid (2) was first obtained from natural resources, whereas compounds 7-16 were first obtained from this plant.     

江苏沿江生态防护林树种评价体系的建立与树种的初步筛选

采用层次分析法(AHP),以生长适应性、生态防护能力、景观价值和经济价值为Ⅰ级指标,以耐水湿性、抗污染性、生长速率、树冠特征、枝条特征和根系特征以及叶、花、果、树干和树形的观赏价值及材用、药用、食用和工业价值为Ⅱ级指标,确定各评价指标的权重值和赋值,建立了江苏沿江生态防护林树种综合评价体系.将江苏沿江生态防护林划分为水源涵养和水土保持林、景观防护林、污染隔离林和农林复合防护林4种类型,以耐水湿性、抗污染性、抗风性、水土保持能力、景观价值、经济价值和生长速率为评价指标,并设置各指标的权重值,建立了江苏沿江生态防护林树种分类评价体系.利用综合评价体系对223个树种进行评价,分别筛选出适用于江苏沿江生态防护林建设的综合得分前20位的落叶乔木、常绿乔木和灌木种类,其中,落叶乔木包括中山杉(Taxodium distichum 'Zhongshansha' )、池杉(T. ascendens Brongn. )、落羽杉[T. distichum (L. ) Rich. ]、墨西哥落羽杉(T. mucronatum Tenore)和水杉(Metasequoia glyptostroboides Hu et Cheng)等,常绿乔木包括樟树[Cinnamomum camphora (L. ) Presl]、北美红杉[Sequoia sempervirens (Lamb. ) Lindl. ]、浙江樟(C. chekiangensis Nakai)和青冈[Cyclobalanopsis glauca (Thunb. ) Oerst. ]等,灌木种类包括杞柳(Salix suchowensis Cheng)、木芙蓉(Hibiscus mutabilis L. )、夹竹桃(Nerium oleander L. )和栀子(Gardenia jasminoides Ellis)等.分类评价结果显示,在223个树种中有许多树种都可在4种类型的防护林中通用,这些通用树种包括中山杉、水杉、落羽杉、池杉、墨西哥落羽杉、樟树、杞柳、木芙蓉和栀子等;另外,从生活型角度,针对不同的防护林类型筛选出了一些适宜的树种.研究结果显示,该评价体系在江苏沿江生态防护林建设中具有一定的实用价值.     

不同分子量壳聚糖对五种常见茵的抑制作用研究

体外抑菌法研究了六种不同相对分子量的壳聚糖对金黄色葡萄球菌、大肠杆菌、绿脓杆菌、白色念珠菌、变形杆菌的抑菌活性,并对壳聚糖的抑菌机理做了探讨.     

九节龙皂苷诱导胶质瘤SHG-44细胞凋亡的实验观察

目的：探讨九节龙皂苷对胶质瘤SHG-44细胞潜在的治疗作用及其机制。方法：用四基偶唑蓝（MTT）法检测5、7．5、10、12．5、15、20、40、80mg／L九节龙皂苷作用6、12、24、72h对人胶质瘤SHG-44细胞活性的影响和细胞流式术检测SGH-44细胞调亡情况;Hoeehst33258荧光染色法观察细胞形态的变化;琼脂糖凝胶电泳检测SHG-44细胞DNA的完整性。结果：九节龙皂苷明显抑制SHG-44细胞生长活性呈浓度-时间依赖性,并诱导细胞发生明显的凋亡,细胞核发生浓聚边集,DNA呈凋亡特异性“梯状”分布。结论：九节龙皂苷明显抑制SHG-44细胞的生长活性,能引起胶质瘤细胞大量凋亡,具有显著的抗肿瘤作用。     

Adenovirus-mediated expression of pig α(1,3) galactosyltransferase reconstructs Gal α(1,3) Gal epitope on the surface of human tumor cells

INTRODUCTIONGal a(1, 3) Gal (gal epitope) is a carbohydrate epitope, which is produced in large amounton the cells of pigs, mice and New World monkey(monkey of South America) by the glycosylationenzyme G alal 1 ) 4G IcNAc3- a- D- galactosyltransferase[or(1, 3)GT; EC2.4.1.511111. This enzyme is active in the Golgi appaxatus of cells and transfers galactose from the sugandonor uridine diphoSphate galactose (UDP-galactose) to the acceptor Nacetyllactosamine residue (Galaal-4GlcNAc-R…     

基于Illumina HiSeq测序技术研究吡虫啉对意大利蜜蜂雄蜂的影响

[目的]雄蜂对蜂群繁衍有着非常重要的作用.本研究旨在探究吡虫啉对意大利蜜蜂Apis mellifera Ligustica雄蜂生长发育和基因表达产生的影响.[方法]以意大利蜜蜂雄蜂为研究对象,分别以0.00001、0.0001和0.001 μg/μL浓度的吡虫啉对雄蜂幼虫进行连续饲喂处理.每天观察并记录幼虫的发育形态及死亡率,在雄蜂幼虫后期(移虫后6d)测量幼虫体重.利用Illumina HiSeq测序技术对经吡虫啉处理的雄蜂进行转录组测序,进而对差异表达基因进行深入分析.[结果]取食吡虫啉后的雄蜂幼虫,体重低于正常雄蜂,当浓度高于0.0001μg/μL时差异显著;雄蜂幼虫取食吡虫啉后出现死亡现象,且死亡率随吡虫啉浓度的升高而增大;差异表达基因分析结果上调与下调基因数量分别为390个和130个.GO富集分析结果上调基因共分布于55个GO条目,富集基因数量最多的是细胞进程、细胞、细胞组件、细胞膜、细胞膜组件、结合,下调基因共分布于48个GO条目,富集基因数量最多的是细胞进程、细胞、细胞组件.富集在有关生殖功能的差异表达基因中,上调基因数量为21个,下调基因数量为5个.KEGG代谢通路富集分析结果上调基因富集在159个通路上,其中富集基因数最多的是蛋白质消化吸收和神经活性配体-受体相互作用通路.下调基因富集在71个通路上,其中富集基因数最多的是溶酶体、胰液分泌、神经活性配体-受体相互作用通路.[结论]吡虫啉能抑制意大利蜜蜂雄蜂的生长发育,甚至造成幼虫死亡,同时,可以影响雄蜂的神经系统、代谢系统和生殖系统等.本研究结果为蜜蜂资源保护提供理论依据.