Single-Cell Droplet Microfluidic Screening for Antibodies Specifically Binding to Target Cells

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吉林西部草原区7种耐盐碱双子叶植物结构研究

利用扫描电镜技术研究了女菀、矶松、角碱蓬、鹅绒藤、蒙古鹤虱、伏萎陵菜和碱蒿７种耐盐碱植物结构．结果表明,７种植物根中具有发达的通气结构,具有耐盐碱、抗干旱的结构特征,尤其是叶表附属物（表皮毛、角质层、蜡质纹饰）均呈抗逆境结构．     

Genetic predisposition of six well‐defined polymorphisms in HMGB1/RAGE pathway to breast cancer in a large Han Chinese population

Breast cancer constitutes an enormous burden in China. A strong familial clustering of breast cancer suggests a genetic component in its carcinogenesis. To examine the genetic predisposition of high mobility group box‐1/receptor for advanced glycation end products (HMGB1/RAGE) pathway to breast cancer, we genotyped six well‐defined polymorphisms in this pathway among 524 breast cancer patients and 518 cancer‐free controls from Heilongjiang province, China. There were no deviations from Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium for all polymorphisms. In single‐locus analysis, the frequency of rs1800624 polymorphism mutant A allele in RAGE gene was significantly higher in patients than in controls (24.52% versus 19.50%, P = 0.006), with the carriers of rs1800624‐A allele being 1.51 times more likely to develop breast cancer relative to those with rs1800624‐GG genotype after adjustment (95% confidence interval or CI: 1.17–1.94, P = 0.001). In HMGB1 gene, haplotype analysis did not reveal any significance, while in RAGE gene, haplotypes C‐T‐A and C‐A‐G (alleles in order of rs1800625, rs18006024, rs2070600) were significantly associated with an increased risk of breast cancer (adjusted OR = 2.72 and 10.35; 95% CI: 1.20–6.18 and 1.58–67.80; P = 0.017 and 0.015 respectively). In further genetic score analysis, per unit and quartile increments of unfavourable alleles were significantly associated with an increased risk of breast cancer after adjustment (odds ratio or OR = 1.20 and 1.26; 95% CI: 1.09–1.32 and 1.12–1.42; P < 0.001 and <0.001 respectively). Our findings altogether demonstrate a significant association between RAGE gene rs1800624 polymorphism and breast cancer risk, and more importantly a cumulative impact of multiple risk associated polymorphisms in HMGB1/RAGE pathway on breast carcinogenesis.     

兔病毒性出血症(暂定名)的研究 Ⅱ.病毒的分离提纯、电镜观察及核酸性质

应用氯仿处理,聚乙二醇沉淀,差速及蔗糖梯度离心,可以获得部份提纯的兔病毒性出血症病毒制剂,制剂呈典型的病毒核蛋白紫外吸收曲线,最高吸收值在260nm,A260/280=1.3,电镜下病毒呈廿面体,大小约36nm,无外膜,用该制剂回接健康兔,能引起典型发病及死亡,用核糖核酸及脱氧核糖核酸酶处理,证明病毒核酸为DNA,病毒DNA的温度熔解曲线测定证明,DNA为双链,初步测定DNA的分子量约为13-15×10~(?)道尔顿。     

大鲵Agouti基因的克隆、表达及多态性分析

刺鼠信号蛋白(Agouti)是哺乳动物和鸟类黑色素合成过程中的重要调控因子,影响动物的体色(毛色)。为研究Agouti在两栖动物体色形成过程中的作用,本研究利用PCR技术扩增得到大鲵Andrias davidianus的Agouti基因部分cDNA序列并进行了相关的生物信息学分析,进一步使用实时荧光定量PCR检测了大鲵Agouti基因在皮肤、肝脏等10个组织和器官中的表达情况,并检测了4种不同体色大鲵皮肤组织中Agouti基因的表达量。同时采用直接测序法,比较了不同体色大鲵Agouti基因编码区的序列差异。结果显示,大鲵Agouti基因cDNA序列长1 068 bp,开放阅读框399 bp,编码132个氨基酸残基。蛋白质同源性分析表明,大鲵Agouti蛋白具有与其他物种一致的保守Agouti结构域,其蛋白质序列与两栖爬行类序列相似性较高,与哺乳动物和鸟类相似性较低。系统进化分析显示,大鲵Agouti基因与高山倭蛙Nanorana parkeri、美国短吻鳄Alligator mississippiensis、中华鳖Pelodiscus sinensis等物种的亲缘关系较近。实时荧光定量PCR分析表明,Agouti基因mRNA在大鲵不同组织中均有表达,皮肤中的表达量最高。在4种不同体色大鲵皮肤组织中,黄色皮肤中的Agouti基因表达量高于其他体色。不同体色大鲵Agouti基因编码区序列一致。大鲵Agouti基因独特的序列特征及其表达的组织特异性暗示了其在两栖动物体色形成过程中可能具有与其他物种不同的调控机制。这些结果为进一步研究Agouti在大鲵体色形成过程中的作用提供了基础资料。     

大鼠肝癌模型建立的研究进展

肝癌动物模型是研究肝癌的重要依据,其在揭示肿瘤发病机制、评估治疗方法中的角色不可或缺。近年来,研究人员借助不同类型的动物模型不断获得有关肝癌及其治疗预后的丰富数据。本文通过总结常用的诱发性和移植性大鼠肝癌的建模方式及应用,以呈现近年来在构建大鼠肝癌模型实践中的进展。     

Human placenta‐derived mesenchymal stem cells inhibit apoptosis of granulosa cells induced by IRE1α pathway in autoimmune POF mice

Previous studies have shown that the ovarian failure in autoimmune‐induced premature ovarian failure (POF) mice could be improved by the transplantation of human placenta‐derived mesenchymal stem cells (hPMSCs); however, the protective mechanism of hPMSCs transplantation on ovarian dysfunction remains unclear. Ovarian dysfunction is closely related to the apoptosis of granulosa cells (GCs). To determine the effects of hPMSCs transplantation on GCs apoptosis, an autoimmune POF mice model was established with zona pellucida glycoprotein 3 (ZP3) peptide. It is reported that the inositol‐requiring enzyme 1α (IRE1α) and its downstream molecules play a central role in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress‐induced apoptosis pathway. So the aim of this study is to investigate whether hPMSCs transplantation attenuated GCs apoptosis via inhibiting ER stress IRE1α signaling pathway. The ovarian dysfunction, follicular dysplasia, and GCs apoptosis were observed in the POF mice. And the IRE1α pathway was activated in ovaries of POF mice, as demonstrated by, increased X‐box binding protein 1 (XBP1), up‐regulated 78 kDa glucose‐regulated protein (GRP78) and caspase‐12. Following transplantation of hPMSCs, the ovarian structure and function were significantly improved in POF mice. In addition, the GCs apoptosis was obviously attenuated and IRE1α pathway was significantly inhibited. Transplantation of hPMSCs suppressed GCs apoptosis‐induced by ER stress IRE1α signaling pathway in POF mice, which might contribute to the hPMSCs transplantation‐mediating ovarian function recovery.