赏鲸 人与自然的双赢之路

自然和生物多样性对人类还有着一种非常的美学影响。峰峦起伏的轮廓、灿烂漫天的晚霞、一条鲸鱼沿海岸边疾掠而过让人感受到的那股生机……对大多数人而言,任何形式的美学体验都能引起他们一种强烈的感情共鸣,激发起强烈的愉悦感,甚至会对自然界的壮丽生出畏惧。S·R·凯勒特(美国当代学者)     

利用单基因培育多抗植物

AgBiotech Reporter 2003年7月20卷7期6页报道：加拿大SynGene Biotek公司经验Santosh Misra宣称，最近该公司首次利用单基因育成具有广谱抗病能力的植物。这种单一的基因可编码肽的形成，从而产生了“植物的抗生素”。     

Scale-dependent spatial patterns of species diversity in the tropical montane rain forest in Jianfengling,Hainan Island,China

Aims Spatial distribution patterns and formation mechanisms of species diversity are fundamental issues in community ecology. The objectives of this study are to assess the species diversity patterns at the different spatial scales in Jianfengling, Hainan Island, China.
Methods Based on the dataset from the 60 hm² plot in the tropical montane rain forest in Jianfengling, Hainan Island, the spatial distribution patterns of species richness, species abundance, Shannon-Wiener, Simpson and Pielou’s evenness indices were analyzed at six spatial scales, including 5 m × 5 m, 10 m × 10 m, 20 m × 20 m, 40 m × 40 m, 100 m × 100 m, and 200 m × 200 m, respectively.Important findings
Results showed that spatial distribution patterns of species richness, species abundance and Shannon-Wiener index were much more obviously changed with the spatial scales than Simpson and Pielou’s evenness indices. Change of variance of the species richness with the increase of spatial scales was unimodal, which had the maximum value at the 20 m × 20 m scale. Variance of the species abundance showed a linear relationship with the increase of spatial scales. The positive relationship between species richness and abundance gradually decreased and even disappeared with the increase of sampling scales, which may be correlated with the increase of habitat heterogeneity. The effects of spatial scales on Shannon-Wiener, Simpson, and Pielou’s evenness indices may be also correlated with the composition of rare species in the plot.     

《中国野生植物资源》征稿简约

1．《中国野生植物资源》是中华全国供销合作总社主管，南京野生植物综合利用研究院主办的综合性科技双月刊，1982年创刊，面向国内外公开发行。其宗旨是报道野生经济植物最新科研成果，介绍野生植物综合利用，栽培、引种技术。主要栏目包括资源介绍、综合开发、加工新工艺、新技术等。     

What is the optimal number of leaves when measuring leaf area of tree species in a forest community?

植物形态性状叶面积简单易测, 能够反映植物对环境的适应与响应, 指示生态系统的功能与过程。在野外测定叶面积时, 叶片取样数量往往采用约定俗成的10-20片, 但到底采集多少叶片才是最优和最具代表性, 却少有探究。该研究以浙江金华山常绿落叶阔叶混交林的优势树种木荷(Schima superba)与枫香树(Liquidambar formosana)为研究对象, 通过对5个胸径等级植株和每个植株6个方位开展大批量叶片取样(>2 500个), 分析两个树种的叶面积变异特征, 探讨叶片取样数量为多少才能最代表该森林类型的叶片大小性状规律。结果表明, 常绿乔木木荷平均叶面积与变幅均小于落叶乔木枫香树。木荷叶面积与胸径无显著相关性, 而枫香树叶面积与胸径有较显著相关性, 但两个树种均在中胸径等级(15-20 cm)差异不显著; 两个树种的叶面积与采样方位无显著相关性, 但在东、西和底部的差异不显著。因此, 综合考虑代表性与野外可操作性, 叶片采集首选中胸径成树的底部叶片。随机抽样统计可知, 树木叶面积测定的最适叶片采集数量因物种而异, 木荷的最适叶片采集数量为40, 而枫香树最少为170片。因此, 在叶面积测定时, 叶片采集的数量应该不能只局限在10-20片, 在人力、物力和时间等条件允许的情况下, 应该尽可能多地测定较多叶片的叶面积。     

植物生活史的主要类型

生活史又叫生活周期,是指某种生物在整个发育阶段中,一个或多个同形或不同形个体前后相继形成一个有规律的循环。根据生活史中无性生殖和有性生殖及其相互转化、配子体和孢子体类型,可以把生活史分为四种基本类型。     

江西卫矛属一新种

本文发表了江西卫矛属一新种,即井冈山卫矛Euonymus jinggangshanensis M.X.Nie。