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41.
Akira Hayashi Kyosuke Kinoshita Yoshihiko Kotani 《Bioscience, biotechnology, and biochemistry》2013,77(8):1705-1709
The phase change for an amylose–butanol complex solution in 10% of dimethylsulfoxide was investigated as a function of temperature. The phase change was determined with measurements of the turbidity, fluorescent depolarization, and viscosity. The phase diagram obtained was qualitatively similar to that for an amylose solution. From the result, the change in solution phase for the amylose–butanol complex is suggested to be similar to that for amylose, i.e., when the solution cools from a higher temperature, amylose molecules in the complex solution change the conformation from a random coil to an interrupted helix, and then separate into two phases. Coacervate particles resulting from the phase separation coalesce with each other to yield precipitates.An adsorption of uranine on amylose was studied to ascertain its relationship with the fluorescent depolarization method used for detecting phase changes in solution. The result showed that uranine was adsorbed on amylose chains but not on the amylose–butanol complex. 相似文献
42.
Lee Jae-Sung Yoshihiko Iijima Hideyuki Kobayashi Sonoe O. Yanagi 《Bioscience, biotechnology, and biochemistry》2013,77(7):1877-1878
Both enantiomers of aliphatic and aromatic cyanohydrins were hydrolyzed with the aid of Rhodococcus butanica ATCC 21197 to afford optically active α-hydroxy acids. The usefulness of this reaction is demonstrated by the synthesis of optically pure (R)-4-dodecanolide, a defensive secretion of rove beetles, starting from (R)-2-hydroxydecanenitrile. 相似文献
43.
Polyethylene glycol (PEG) mediated transfection of Lactobacillus casei ATCC 27092 protoplasts by phage PL-1 DNA was done. The protoplasts were obtained by treatment with purified PL-1 phage N-acetylmuramidase in the presence of citrate. Optimum conditions for transfection were 50% PEG 4,000, 15 µg protamine sulfate/ml, 0.15 m sucrose, and 10 m m MgSO4 in MR medium (pH 6.0). The extent of transfection was proportional to the amounts of DNA added, and the greatest efficiency of transfection after a 10-min incubation was about 3.3 × 105 PFU/µg DNA. The eclipse period of growth of progeny phages in the transfectants was 3 hr and the average burst size was 200. 相似文献
44.
Sadao Sakamura Yoshihiko Terayama Satomi Kawakatsu Akitami Ichihara Hideya Saito 《Bioscience, biotechnology, and biochemistry》2013,77(12):2951-2954
New three conjugated serotonins were isolated from safflower meal (carthamus tinctorius L.). On the basis of spectral properties and chemical evidence, their structures were determined as N-feruloylserotonin (4), N-(p-coumaroyl)serotonin (5) and N-(p-coumaroyl)serotonin mono-β-d-glucopyranoside (6), The known compounds, 2-hydroxyarctiin (2), matairesinol mono-β-d-glucoside (1) and acacetin (3) were also isolated and identified. 相似文献
45.
Toshiro Samejima Yoshihiko Soh Toshimasa Yano 《Bioscience, biotechnology, and biochemistry》2013,77(12):2285-2290
The equilibrium moisture contents of sun-cured (Kroumougrad), flue-cured (Bright Yellow—4) and air-cured (Burley-21 and Matsukawa) tobaccos were measured over a relative humidity range from 5 to 80% at 20°C. The moisture sorption isotherms of tobaccos were of sigmoid type, and classified into two groups. In a lower humidity range below ca. 40% RH, the A group (Kroumougrad and BY-4) had a smaller moisture sorption capacity than B group (Burley-21 and Matsukawa), while in a higher humidity range above ca. 50% RH the former had a larger moisture sorption capacity than the latter. By extracting with water, the moisture content of BY-4 was increased in the lower humidity range, while it decreased in the higher humidity range. However, the moisture content of Matsukawa was scarecely changed by extracting it with water. These results suggest that the differences in equilibrium moisture content with the type of curing were due to the differences in contents of water soluble com- ponents. To control the hygroscopic properties of a tobacco, therefore, the influences of the addition of sucrose and glycerol on the equilibrium moisture content were quantitatively analysed. The moisture sorption capacity of tobacco was greatly different from its nitrogen sorption capacity. The specific surface area of tobacco calculated from moisture sorption isotherm was ca. 110 times larger than the specific surface area calculated from the nitrogen sorption isotherm. Both the nitrogen and moisture sorption data should be necessary for better understanding of the complicated sorption-desorption phenomena in tobaccos. 相似文献
46.
47.
Yoshihiko Anzawa Kenji Satoh Yuko Satoh Satomi Ohno Tsutomu Watanabe Kazuaki Katsumata 《Bioscience, biotechnology, and biochemistry》2013,77(11):1954-1962
Low protein content and sufficient grain rigidity are desired properties for the rice used in high-quality sake brewing such as Daiginjo-shu (polishing ratio of the rice, less than 50%). Two kinds of rice, sake rice (SR) and cooking rice (CR), have been used for sake brewing. Compared with those of SR, analyses of CR for high-quality sake brewing using highly polished rice have been limited. Here we described the original screening of late-maturing CR Sensyuraku (SEN) as rice with low protein content and characterization of its properties for high-quality sake brewing. The protein content of SEN was lower than those of SR Gohyakumangoku (GOM) and CR Yukinosei (YUK), and its grain rigidity was higher than that of GOM. The excellent properties of SEN with respect to both water-adsorption and enzyme digestibility were confirmed using a Rapid Visco Analyzer (RVA). Further, we confirmed a clear taste of sake produced from SEN by sensory evaluation. Thus, SEN has excellent properties, equivalent to those of SR, for high-quality sake brewing. 相似文献
48.
Yuki Hatanaka Natsumi Shimizu Satoshi Nishikawa Mikiko Tokoro Seung-Wook Shin Takuji Nishihara Tomoko Amano Masayuki Anzai Hiromi Kato Tasuku Mitani Yoshihiko Hosoi Satoshi Kishigami Kazuya Matsumoto 《PloS one》2013,8(4)
After fertilization, the sperm and oocyte genomes undergo extensive epigenetic reprogramming to form a totipotent zygote. The dynamic epigenetic changes during early embryo development primarily involve DNA methylation and demethylation. We have previously identified Gse (gonad-specific expression gene) to be expressed specifically in germ cells and early embryos. Its encoded protein GSE is predominantly localized in the nuclei of cells from the zygote to blastocyst stages, suggesting possible roles in the epigenetic changes occurring during early embryo development. Here, we report the involvement of GSE in epigenetic reprogramming of the paternal genome during mouse zygote development. Preferential binding of GSE to the paternal chromatin was observed from pronuclear stage 2 (PN2) onward. A knockdown of GSE by antisense RNA in oocytes produced no apparent effect on the first and second cell cycles in preimplantation embryos, but caused a significant reduction in the loss of 5-methylcytosine (5mC) and the accumulation of 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC) in the paternal pronucleus. Furthermore, DNA methylation levels in CpG sites of LINE1 transposable elements, Lemd1, Nanog and the upstream regulatory region of the Oct4 (also known as Pou5f1) gene were clearly increased in GSE-knockdown zygotes at mid-pronuclear stages (PN3-4), but the imprinted H19-differential methylated region was not affected. Importantly, DNA immunoprecipitation of 5mC and 5hmC also indicates that knockdown of GSE in zygotes resulted in a significant reduction of the conversion of 5mC to 5hmC on LINE1. Therefore, our results suggest an important role of maternal GSE for mediating active DNA demethylation in the zygote. 相似文献
49.
50.
Yoshinari Moriguchi Kentaro Uchiyama Saneyoshi Ueno Tokuko Ujino-Ihara Asako Matsumoto Junji Iwai Daisuke Miyajima Maki Saito Masaya Sato Yoshihiko Tsumura 《Tree Genetics & Genomes》2016,12(3):57
Cryptomeria japonica pollinosis is one of the most serious allergic diseases in Japan; this is a social problem because C. japonica is the most important Japanese forestry species. In order to reduce the amount of pollen dispersed, breeding programs using trees with male-sterile genes have been implemented. High-density linkage maps with stable ordering of markers facilitate the localization of male-sterile genes and the construction of partial linkage maps around them in order to develop markers for use in marker-assisted selection. In this study, a high-density linkage map for C. japonica with 2560 markers was constructed. The observed map length was 1266.2 cM and the mean distance between adjacent markers was 0.49 cM. Using information from this high-density map, we newly located two male-sterile genes (ms3 and ms4) on the first and fourth linkage groups, respectively, and constructed partial linkage maps around these loci. We also constructed new partial linkage maps around the ms1 and ms2 loci using additional SNP markers. The closest markers to the ms1, ms2, ms3, and ms4 male-sterile loci were estSNP04188 (1.8 cM), estSNP00695 (7.0 cM), gSNP05415 (3.1 cM), and estSNP01408 (7.0 cM) respectively. These results allowed us to develop SNP markers tightly linked to the male sterile genes for use in MAS; this will accelerate the future isolation of these genes by map-based cloning approaches. 相似文献