硅对连作黄瓜幼苗光合特性和抗氧化酶活性的影响

以‘津研四号’黄瓜品种为试材,研究了叶面喷施不同浓度硅(Si)(0、1、2、3、4、5mmol·L-1)对连作黄瓜幼苗生长、光合特性和抗氧化酶活性的影响.结果表明:在一定浓度(1~3 mmol·L-1Si)范围内,施Si可降低幼苗叶片电解质渗漏率(EL)和丙二醛(MDA)含量;提高叶绿素a(Chl a)、叶绿素b(Chl b)、类胡萝卜素(Car)和总叶绿素含量,叶片净光合速率(Pn)升高;超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化物酶(POD)、抗坏血酸过氧化物酶(APX)和过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性均有所提高;黄瓜幼苗株高、茎粗、叶面积及干物质积累量增加.随施Si浓度的进一步增加(4~5 mmol·L-1),叶片中EL和MDA含量升高,但仍低于对照;抗氧化酶活性和光合作用下降,幼苗生长受到显著抑制.说明外源Si可通过提高黄瓜幼苗叶片抗氧化酶活性来降低膜脂过氧化,通过增加光合作用来提高黄瓜幼苗长势,进而增强对连作障碍的抗性.以2 mmol·L-1Si处理效果最好.     

口服结核Ag85A-CD226 DNA疫苗在小鼠脾与肠道的表达水平检测

目的了解结核Ag85A-CD226 DNA疫苗经灌胃方式接种小鼠后在脾淋巴细胞与肠道的表达情况。方法将构建的pcDNA3.1-Ag85A-CD226、pcDNA3.1-Ag85A和pcDNA3.1-CD226真核表达质粒转化DH5α感受态大肠杆菌,扩增并提取纯化质粒,用脂质体包裹制成DNA疫苗。经灌胃方式将制备的DNA疫苗接种C57BL/6小鼠,设置Ag85A-CD226疫苗组、Ag85A疫苗组、CD226疫苗组、pcDNA3.1质粒组和生理盐水对照组。采用间接免疫荧光法检测Ag85A和CD226在肠道的表达。采用流式细胞术检测脾CD4+T细胞、CD8+T细胞和NK细胞的CD226表达。结果 CD226在Ag85A-CD226疫苗组脾脏CD4+T细胞和NK细胞的表达均明显强于Ag85A疫苗组、CD226疫苗组、pcDNA3.1质粒组和生理盐水对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P0.01);CD226在Ag85A-CD226疫苗组脾脏CD8+T细胞的表达明显强于Ag85A疫苗组、pcDNA3.1质粒组和生理盐水对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P0.01),与CD226疫苗组相比虽有所增加,但差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。CD226在Ag85A-CD226疫苗组小肠派氏淋巴结表达明显强于Ag85A疫苗组、CD226疫苗组、pcDNA3.1质粒组和生理盐水对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P0.01)。Ag85A只在Ag85A-CD226疫苗组和CD226疫苗组小肠固有层表达,且在Ag85A-CD226疫苗组的表达明显强于CD226疫苗组,差异具有统计学意义(P0.01)。结论 Ag85A-CD226 DNA疫苗接种后,CD226在脾淋巴细胞和肠道表达增强,Ag85A在肠道表达增强,CD226的表达增加会增强Ag85A在肠道的表达水平。     

黑大蒜提取物联合抗生素对金黄色葡萄球菌和肠埃希菌的体外抗菌作用研究

评价黑大蒜提取物分别与头孢唑林或庆大霉素联合应用,对金黄色葡萄球菌和大肠埃希菌的体外抗菌效应。采用液体稀释法分别测定黑大蒜提取物对金黄色葡萄球菌和大肠埃希菌的最低抑菌浓度（MIC）。采用棋盘法设计,微量肉汤稀释法测定黑大蒜提取物联合头孢唑林或庆大霉素对金黄色葡萄球菌和大肠埃希菌的MIC,并计算部分抑菌浓度（FIC指数）。测定黑大蒜提取物对金黄色葡萄球菌和大肠埃希菌的时间-杀菌曲线。黑大蒜提取物对金黄色葡萄球菌的MIC为256μg/mL,黑大蒜提取物对大肠埃希菌的MIC为256μg/mL。时间-杀菌曲线结果显示黑大蒜提取物对金黄色葡萄球菌和大肠埃希菌的抑菌作用呈现较强的浓度依赖性。黑大蒜提取物联合头孢唑林后对金黄色葡萄球菌的FIC指数为0.75;黑大蒜提取物联合庆大霉素后对大肠埃希菌的FIC指数为0.5。黑大蒜提取物与头孢唑林或庆大霉素联合用药,可明显降低抗生素对金黄色葡萄球菌和大肠埃希菌的MIC,表现为相加和协同效应。     

羧甲基壳聚糖对口腔重要厌氧菌的抑菌性能评价

目的 :评价羧甲基壳聚糖对口腔重要厌氧菌的抑菌性能。方法 :选择与口腔疾病密切相关的厌氧菌 11株 ,采用梯度稀释法测定羧甲基壳聚糖的最低抑菌浓度 (MIC)。结果 :羧甲基壳聚糖对牙龈卟啉菌、放线共生放线菌、中间普氏菌、牙龈嗜二氧化碳纤维菌、黄褐嗜二氧化碳纤维菌、产黑色素普氏菌、白色念珠菌、牙髓卟啉菌、小齿普氏菌、变形链球菌、远缘链球菌、粘性放线菌的 MIC分别为 2 0 ,10 ,5,80 ,2 0 ,>80 ,2 0 ,5,2 0 ,10 ,60 ,40 mg/ml。结论 :羧甲基壳聚糖对多数与口腔疾病密切相关的厌氧菌有一定抑制作用 ,而对产黑色素普氏菌的抑菌性不明显     

Behavioral modification in choice process of Drosophila

Because of its clear genetic and developmental background, diversity of behavioral paradigms and neuroanatomy of the brain, Drosophila has become an important animal model for studying genetic, molecular and cellular bases of learning and memory[1]. Extensive research has explored the visual operant conditioning of Drosophila and related molecular bases[2—8]; recently, researchers began to address cognition-like functions and involved neural substrates[9—11]. In these studies, behavioral ana…     

气孔发育机制及其内外调控因子的研究进展

气孔是植物与外界环境进行气体与水分交换的重要通道,调节着植物的蒸腾与光合作用。在长期进化过程中,植物通过调节气孔行为和气孔发育机制来适应环境变化。不同植物气孔系的形成方式不尽相同,但过程均受到气孔发育信号网络系统的调节作用。近年来关于气孔发育机制的研究层出不穷,现重点综述各类转录因子、信号肽以及环境因子和植物激素对气孔发育的调节作用。该领域的研究为在微观层面揭示植物对环境变化的适应机制提供了科学基础。     

Comparative genomic and protein sequence analyses of the chemotaxis system of Azorhizobium caulinodans北大核心CSCD

［Objective］ Azorhizobium caulinodans ORS571 can fix nitrogen not only as a free-living organism and an associative-symbiotic bacterium by colonizing the root surface of non-leguminous plants, but also as a symbiotic bacterium by interacting with leguminous plant Sesbania rostrata.Due to its ability to grow and fix nitrogen under three conditions, A.caulinodans uses sophisticated chemotaxis signal transduction systems to transform environmental cues into corresponding behavioral responses.Chemotaxis appears crucial for the growth of A.caulinodansin complicated environment and the construction of associative relationship with the plant.However, little is known about the chemotactic pathway of A.caulinodans.Thus, our study aimed to compare the chemotaxis-like genes of A.caulinodans with those of well-studied species.［Methods］ NCBI protein BLAST was used for searching sequence similarity with default parameter values against the genomes of A.caulinodans.HMMER3, based on Pfam database, was used for comparative analyses of methyl-accepting chemotaxis protein （MCP）.［Results］ There was a major chemotaxis cluster in A.caulinodans and the CheR methylated MCPs independently of pentapeptide motif.There were 43 MCP homologs containing diverse signal-sensing architectures in A.caulinodans.In addition,cytoplasmic domains of these MCPs were all composed of 38 heptad repeats.［Conclusion］ Despite the extremely high homology presented between the chemotactic system of A.caulinodans and those of well-studied species, A.caulinodans shows its own unique characteristics.The classification of these chemotactic pathways by comparative genomics enables us to better understand how A.caulinodansresponds to changes in environment via exquisite signal transductions in chemotaxis system.     

抗感染活性骨治疗感染性胫骨骨不连的临床研究

目的:观察抗感染活性骨(ARBX)治疗感染性胫骨骨不连的临床效果。方法:回顾性分析我院自2008年1月-2015年1月收治并系统随访应用抗感染骨治疗的36例创伤后感染性骨不连病例,给予原内固定取出或外架拆除,病灶清除,去除硬化骨及死骨,髓腔再通,抗感染活性骨植骨,外架或钢板重新固定,统计患者病程时间,伤口愈合时间,患者院前手术次数,滴注引流时间及抗生素应用疗程,骨性愈合时间,内、外固定物拆除时间以及功能恢复情况,并总结治疗疗效。结果:平均随访2.4年(1年2月-4年10月),骨不连彻底治愈30例,4例患者感染控制,半皮质愈合,2例感染复发,骨不连未愈合。结论:1抗感染活性骨是治疗感染性骨不连的一种有效的植骨材料,具有控制感染,促进骨折愈合的作用;2彻底清除坏死,失活组织是控制感染,促进感染性骨不连愈合的关键;3清理断端,断端骨髓腔再通可促进成骨,促进骨折愈合。     

2010年山东省环境污水中脊髓灰质炎病毒的监测及其基因特征分析

本研究在山东省开展了脊髓灰质炎病毒(Poliovirus,PV)的外环境监测,从济南、临沂两地采集污水标本,浓缩处理后进行病毒分离,对分离到的PV采用中和试验进行血清定型,并对其VP1及3D区进行序列测定,分析其基因突变和重组情况。2010年,共采集污水标本32份,PV阳性10份,阳性率31.3%;分离到18株PV(PV1型3株,PV2型9株,PV3型6株),均为疫苗相关株,VP1完整编码区核苷酸变异数在0~4个之间,在3株PV2型病毒和4株PV3型病毒的基因组中发现重组;对VP1区影响神经毒力的减毒位点分析发现,PV1型病毒中有1株在nt 2 749发生突变(A→G),PV2型病毒中有1株在nt2 908发生A→G突变,3株在nt2 909发生U→C突变,6株PV3型病毒全部在nt2 493发生C→U突变。环境污水中可以分离到PV,其基因重组率和主要减毒位点的回复突变率较高,未发现脊灰野毒株和疫苗衍生株脊灰病毒(Vaccine-derived poliovirus,VDPV)。     

Behavioral modification in choice process of<Emphasis Type="Italic">Drosophila</Emphasis>

In visual operant conditioning ofDrosophila at the flight simulator, only motor output of flies—yaw torque—is recorded, which is involved in the conditioning process. The current study used a newly-designed data analysis method to study the torque distribution ofDrosophila. Modification of torque distribution represents the effects of operant conditioning on flies’ behavioral mode. Earlier works^[10] showed that, when facing contradictory visual cues, flies could make choices based upon the relative weightiness of different cues, and it was demonstrated that mushroom bodies might play an important role in such choice behavior. The new “torque-position map” method was used to explore the CS-US associative learning and choice behavior inDrosophila from the aspect of its behavioral mode. Finally, this work also discussed various possible neural bases involved in visual associative learning, choice processing and modification processing of the behavioral mode in the visual operant conditioning ofDrosophila.