云南西双版纳热带雨林地区的食蚜蝇（双翅目：食蚜蝇科）

本文共记述了云南西双版纳地区２３属３７种食蚜蝇。其中有１新种和中国１新纪录种,另外有２种在国外报道,我国台湾和海南有分布,但国内无任何记载和描述,本文对这些种类均进行了描述。同时还对该地区的食蚜蝇区系特点及不同生态环境下食蚜蝇多样性进行了初步分析。     

太白山木蚜蝇亚科二新种(双翅目:食蚜蝇科)

本文记述中国木蚜蝇亚科二新种：即太白山木蚜蝇Xylotataibaishanensissp．nov．及江氏铜木蚜蝇Chalcosyrphus（Xylotina）Jiangisp．nov,模式标本保存于上海农学院昆虫标本室。     

中国墨管蚜蝇属种类及新种记述：双翅目：食蚜蝇科

本文描这蚜蝇属Ｍｅｓｅｍｂｒｉｕｓ Ｒｏｎｄａｎｉ２新种：钩叶墨管蚜蝇Ｍｅｓｍｂｒｉｕｓ ａｄｕｎｃａｔｕｓ Ｌｉ和海南墨管蚜蝇Ｍ．ｈａｉｎａｎｅｎｓｉｓ Ｌｉ,１中国新记录和黑墨管蚜蝇Ｍ．ｎｉｇｅｒ Ｓｈｉｒａｋｉ．并给出该属中国已知各类的检索表及其分布．新种模式标本 保存于华南农业大学昆虫标本室。     

DESCRIPTIONS OF THREE NEW SPECIES OF THE GENUS ERZSTALIS LATREILLE (DIPTERA: SYRPHI-DAE) FROM NORTHWEST CHINA*

Abstract In this paper, three new species of the genus Eristalis are described from Northwest China, namely E. (Eoseristalis) flatiparamerus sp. nov., E. (Eoseristalis) gladiparamerus sp. nov. and E. (Eoseristalis) nigriceps sp. nov. Type specimens are deposited in South China Agricultural University.     

Systematics and evolution of predatory flower flies (Diptera: Syrphidae) based on exon-capture sequencing

Flower flies (Diptera: Syrphidae) are one of the most species-rich dipteran families and provide important ecosystem services such as pollination, biological control of pests, recycling of organic matter and redistributions of essential nutrients. Flower fly adults generally feed on pollen and nectar, but their larval feeding habits are strikingly diverse. In the present study, high-throughput sequencing was used to capture and enrich phylogenetically and evolutionary informative exonic regions. With the help of the baitfisher software, we developed a new bait kit (SYRPHIDAE1.0) to target 1945 CDS regions belonging to 1312 orthologous genes. This new bait kit was successfully used to exon capture the targeted loci in 121 flower fly species across the different subfamilies of Syrphidae. We analysed different amino acid and nucleotide data sets (1302 loci and 154 loci) with maximum likelihood and multispecies coalescent models. Our analyses yielded highly supported similar topologies, although the degree of the SRH (global stationarity, reversibility and homogeneity) conditions varied greatly between amino acid and nucleotide data sets. The sisterhood of subfamilies Pipizinae and Syrphinae is supported in all our analyses, confirming a common origin of taxa feeding on soft-bodied arthropods. Based on our results, we define Syrphini stat.rev. to include the genera Toxomerus and Paragus. Our divergence estimate analyses with beast inferred the origin of the Syrphidae in the Lower Cretaceous (125.5–98.5 Ma) and the diversification of predatory flower flies around the K–Pg boundary (70.61–54.4 Ma), coinciding with the rise and diversification of their prey.     

贵州迷蚜蝇亚科新种与新记录：（双翅目：食蚜蝇科）

双翅目(Diptera)蚜蝇科(Syrphidae)的迷蚜蝇亚科(Milesiinae)属种繁多,其幼虫多为腐食性,生活在树干创伤、树洞、树桩、落叶及污水粪肥中;有些为植食性,危害园艺作物和中药等。成虫多访花而似蜂类。贵州省此类昆虫研究较少,本文记述4新种和3个贵州新记录种。模式标本保存在北京农业大学昆虫标本室。     

毛食蚜蝇属二新种（双翅目：食蚜蝇科）

本文记述毛食蚜蝇属Dasysyrphus 2新种,雄性外生殖器命名采用Vockeroth(1969)系统。模式标本保存于上海农学院昆虫标本室。1.曲毛食蚜蝇Dasysyrphus licinus He,新种(图 1) 雄体长10.5mm。眼毛褐色,长约0.2mm。头顶三角区的高度约等于复眼接合缝的长度,覆淡色粉被及黑毛。单眼黄褐色,排成短的等腰三角形。额黑色,被黄色绵毛     

Variation and seasonal changes in hoverfly species: interactions between temperature, age and genotype

Eristalis tenax L. and E. intricarius L. are two hoverflies which vary considerably in colour pattern. Whilst much of the phenotypic variation in both species is due to genetic variation at major gene loci, there are interactions with pupal temperature and with age of adult. Low pupal temperatures produce, on average, darker abdominal patterns in E. tenax , although the effect is hard to pick out in natural populations. Changes of pattern with age convert a bimodal autumn population to a unimodal post-hibernation population in the following spring. Hair colour is also made darker by cold treatment. Pupal treatments have a strong effect on hair colouration in E. intricarius. High temperatures inhibit the production of black hairs on the thorax, but not all the genotypes are equally sensitive to temperature. Seasonal fluctuations in colour pattern frequencies are detectable in E. intricarius. In three Eristalis species that have been studied so far, the interactions between genotype, age and temperature operate in quite different ways. The temperature responses may be relevant to theories of thermal melanism, although the colour pattern polymorphisms are, more obviously, examples of Batesian mimicry.     

Interpreting patterns of resource utilization: randomness and selectivity in pollen feeding by adult hoverflies

Summary Adult syrphid flies feed primarily on pollen and nectar from flowers and may be regarded as suitable models for the investigation of resource partitioning in a plant/pollinator system. The present study examines the extent to which a small group of six species are selective in their diets and investigates the role of flower colour as a means by which such selectivity may occur. Flower feeding preferences were determined by pollen analyses of gut contents and an extensive flower sampling programme was under-taken to provide information on the relative abundances of the food resources available to the insects. Flower colours were defined by their reflectance spectra, and the inherent colour preferences of the flies were determined by field experiments in which natural flowers were simulated using painted plastic discs. The results reveal that some hoverfly species are highly selective in their pollen diets, while others have a more generalist approach to their foraging. The division of flower resources by the more selective species is shown to be dependent, at least partially, on the colours of the flowers. The findings are discussed in relation to the theories of Competition and Optimal Foraging and the mechanistic approach to ecology. The use of learning models is suggested as an alternative means of investigating patterns of resource use in future research.     

Discrimination of parasitized aphids by a hoverfly predator: effects on larval performance, foraging, and oviposition behavior

The choice of oviposition site by female aphidophagous predators is crucial for offspring performance, especially in hoverflies whose newly hatched larvae are unable to move over large distance. Predator and parasitoid interactions within the aphidophagous guild are likely to be very important in influencing the choices made by predatory hoverfly females. In the present study, the foraging and oviposition behavior of the aphidophagous hoverfly Episyrphus balteatus DeGeer (Diptera: Syrphidae) was investigated with respect to the parasitized state of its aphid prey, Acyrthosiphon pisum Harris (Homoptera: Aphididae), that were parasitized by Aphidius ervi Haliday (Hymenoptera: Aphidiidae). We also recorded the number of eggs laid by hoverfly females when subjected to parasitized aphids. Furthermore, we studied the influence of being fed with parasitized aphids on hoverfly larval performance. Hoverfly females did not exhibit any preference for plants infested with unparasitized or aphids parasitized for 7 days. On the other hand, plants infested with mummies or exuvia were less attractive for E. balteatus . These results were correlated with (i) the number of eggs laid by E. balteatus females and (ii) larval performance. Thus, our results demonstrate that E. balteatus behavior is affected by parasitoid presence through their exploitation of aphid colonies. Indeed, hoverfly predators select their prey according to the developmental state of the parasitoid larvae.