Immunologic and clinical improvement of progressive coccidioidomycosis following administration of transfer factor

Three patients with progressive coccidioidomycosis were given preparations of transfer factor (TF). Adverse reactions to TF were minimal. Following TF administration two of these patients had prolonged clinical remissions in their coccidioidal disease. Cellular immune responses were sequentially evaluated by coccidioidininduced delayed-type skin tests, lymphocyte blast transformation and macrophage inhibition factor production (MIF). These three patients each exhibited different cellular immune patterns before and after TF administration. Two patients converted their coccidioidin skin tests, and one converted lymphocyte transformation response to coccidioidin. Also, TF apparently favorably affected the MIF response in all three patients.     

Bioluminescence in oceanology

For analytical purposes bioluminescence can be used in three main ways: 1. luminescence measurement of bioluminescent system components isolated in vitro; 2. determination of luminous organisms' reaction to the in vivo test-action; 3. measurement of bioluminescence in marine ecological systems. The majority of the reports of this Symposium are dealing with the first two topics. The aim of our presentation is to draw attention to the third one. The possibilities of bioluminescent analysis are wider than its traditional scheme of applications in the laboratory, when the emitting system is withdrawn from a native source and is placed in a cuvette of the light measuring device. The reverse scheme is also possible, i.e. the device can be introduced into light emitting system such as a marine biocenosis–the community of the sea inhabitants–where we obtain a highly sensitive and rapid means of gaining the information on the vital activity of marine ecosystems, i.e. their spatial structure, rhythms, man's influence upon them, etc. The present communication will consider the possibilities of this form of bioluminescent analysis.     

注射依赖cAMP的蛋白激酶催化亚基加速胚胎内细胞间连接通讯的发育(英文)

本研究以爪蟾胚胎内胚层细胞间连接通讯发育的时程为指标,观察了cAMP和依赖cAMP的蛋白激酶催化亚基对这一发育的影响。将依赖cAMP的蛋白激酶催化亚基注射入爪蟾胚胎四细胞期的每一个细胞可使该胚胎内胚层细胞间连接通讯的发育明显加快,提示在正常状态下这一发育的进程是受细胞内依赖cAMP的磷酸化水平的制约。但用双丁酰cAMP和磷酸二酯酶抑制剂对胚胎进行培育,或将cAMP和磷酸二酯酶抑制剂注射入胚胎细胞,对这一发育并无影响,可能是由于这些胚胎细胞内依赖cAMP的蛋白激酶的实际有效含量较低而cAMP含量较高所致。注射这种蛋白激酶催化亚基所诱导的胚胎细胞间连接通讯在注射后约8.5小时出现。这一时间比前人在哺乳动物细胞培养中用cAMP或必需的信使RNA诱导出细胞间连接通讯所需要的时间(2—4小时)长得多,提示在胚胎中依赖cAMP的磷酸化对细胞间连接通讯发育的作用是从RNA转录的水平上开始的。     

绕茧蜂属寄生于云杉四眼小蠹成虫的—新种记述并附本属世界种检索表(膜翅目:茧蜂科)

绕茧蜂属Ropalophorus Curtis,1837是茧蜂科中的一个小属,迄今世界上仅记载有2种。一种为R.clavicornis(Wesmael),1835,分布于欧州及日本,寄生于云杉八齿小蠹Ips typographus及I.amitinus成虫体内;另一种为R.wisconsinensis Shenefelt,1960,仅分布于美国,由于该种是用诱捕器捕到的,因此,其奇主不详,但有可能为I.pini(Shenefelt,1960)。     

A vivid model of chiral recognition

Hands can be used to demonstrate the three-point model of chiral recognition. The points of attachment are thumb, forefinger, and middle finger. This vivid model has the advantages of simplicity, perspicuity, and availability at any time, although two persons are necessary. It can be shown that two interactions are not sufficient for chiral recognition but that three attractive or two attractive and one repulsive attraction are needed. It can also be used to explain some possibilities of weakening or elusion of the three-point model.     

Response of pondcypress growth rates to sewage effluent application

Cores were collected from dominant pondcypress trees growing in a swamp that had received sewage effluent for 7 yr and a nearby control swamp to determine the combined effects of changes in nutrient supply and hydrologic regime on tree growth. The cores were used to measure two indices of tree growth: basal area increment (BAI) and relative basal area increment (RBAI, which accounts for differences in growth due to the size of teh tree) between 1970–1983 while one swamp remained untreated and the other received weekly additions of sewage effluent from 1974–1981. Throughout the whole period, the mean BAI and RBAI of pond-cypress trees in the untreated swamp remained unchanged, ranging between 5.55–6.38 cm² yr^–1 and 1.09–1.27% yr^–1, respectively. In contrast, trees in the treated swamp increased their BAI approximately two-fold from 7.40 cm² yr^–1 prior to treatment to 14.83 cm² yr^–1 after the onset of treatment and maintained this rate of growth in the 2 yr period after cessation of treatment. Relative basal area increment showed a similar response, but the proportional increase due to treatment was less (1.5-fold factor) than for BAI. The response of pondcypress trees to the sewage effluent differed depending upon whether the trees were located in the deep or shallow water zones. Trees in the deep zone of the treated swamp had lower BAIs and RBAIs than those in the shallow zone during the treatment period, whereas in pre- and post-treatment periods growth indices were equal in both zones. No significant differences in growth between deep and shallow zones were observed during all three time periods in the control swamp.     

中国鲽形目鱼类骨骼的研究：Ⅲ,脑颅骨

本文研究了中国鲽形目8科、27属和约40种的脑颅骨;指出其脑颅骨的最显著特征是前部左右不对称,并首次发现鳒科无基蝶骨(与Berg,1940,1955及Nelson,1984的记载不同),副蝶骨延及基枕骨腹侧后端或附近(与Amaoka,1969及Ochiai,1963的记载也不同)和冠鲽科无眶间突且左右前额骨互连。还依它们脑颅骨的异同,探讨了其演化程度,并拟有中国鲽形目各亚目及科的检索表。     

Evolution of the Australian flora through the Tertiary

The evolution of the Australian flora through the Tertiary has not been reviewed by a megafossil palaeobotanist for almost a century. Based on material available and published studies, the Australian Tertiary can be considered in three units: Eocene, Oligo-Miocene, and Pliocene. Key taxa in the Eocene includeCasuarinaceae, Proteaceae, Fagaceae, Podocarpaceae, andLauraceae. Many known Eocene deposits are interpreted as warm, humid rainforests.Oligo-Miocene floras reflect a climatic deterioration, with greater occurrence of sclerophylly and xerophylly. A reduction of tropical taxa is seen with an increase ofMyrtaceae and earliest records ofMimosaceae, Chenopodiaceae, andPoaceae. These trends continue into the Pliocene, which is not well represented in Australia.Problems needing to be addressed include the discrepancy between the pollen and megafossil records ofNothofagus, the origins of Australia's wet tropical taxa, and the role of fire in the early evolution of the Australian flora.     

长江中游鱼类寄生棘头虫区系的研究

经过3年10次调查,剖检湖北省宜都、黄冈两处江段所产72种鱼类,共计766尾。收集棘头虫10种,其中包括2新种和1新组合,即蛇鮈新棘吻虫(新种)Neoechinorhynchus saurogobi sp.nov.,长江丽棘虫(新种)Brentisentis yangtzensis sp.nov.(Illiosontidae),鲤丽棘虫(新组合)B.cyprini comb.nov.。对长江中游鱼类寄生棘头虫区系的特点进行了分析和探讨。