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11.
Rafael Muñoz-Mas Franz Essl Mark van Kleunen Hanno Seebens Wayne Dawson Christine Marie V. Casal Emili García-Berthou 《Global Ecology and Biogeography》2023,32(9):1632-1644
Aim
Investigating major freshwater fish flows (translocations) between biogeographic regions and their temporal dynamics and also quantifying spatial patterns and temporal changes in the array of introduced species, and the emergence and distance between major donor and recipient regions.Location
Global.Time Period
1800–2020.Major Taxa Studied
Freshwater fishes.Methods
We analysed a global dataset on freshwater fish introductions (4241 events of 688 species). Freshwater fish flows were investigated with flow diagrams and χ2 tests, while PERMANOVA (permutational multivariate analysis of variance) was used to test the association between species and regions and temporal shifts. Cluster analysis revealed major recipient areas and composition of the introduced species. Finally, changes in distances between donor and recipient sites were tested with PERMANOVA.Results
The number of introductions between biogeographic regions mirrored the European and North American dominance before World War II (WWII) and the trends in recreational fishing, biocontrol programmes and food production, especially in the Sino-Oriental region, which has a long tradition of aquaculture and fishkeeping. Over the years, the origins and composition of introduced species changed uniquely in each biogeographic region, although the most introduced species are common to every region. Salmonids and other cold-water species were frequently introduced before the 1950s, whereas tropical ornamental and aquaculture species currently prevail. Distances between donor and recipient sites did not vary over the time. After WWII, the Sino-Oriental region consolidated its dominance and the Ethiopian and Neotropical regions emerged as new global donor and recipient regions.Main Conclusions
Global policy should focus on tropical ornamental and aquaculture species, which could benefit from global warming, especially in the Sino-Oriental region, because it currently dominates freshwater fish species flows, and the Ethiopian and Neotropical regions, because they recently emerged as important global donor and recipient regions of freshwater fish introductions. 相似文献12.
动物传粉在全球生态系统中提供重要服务,全球农业生产对动物传粉服务的需求稳定增长。油茶是我国特有的重要木本油料植物,栽培历史悠久,由于严格自交不亲和而高度依赖动物传粉。基于我国油茶产业发展的新形势,从资源分配和花粉限制等生态因素系统分析了油茶产量受限制的原因,提出油茶的传粉者限制效果等同于花粉限制效果,人工引入潜在的高效传粉者是解除油茶资源限制措施和传粉生态限制措施之间冲突、提高油茶产量的有效途径。论述了人工引入传粉者传粉服务的优势和挑战。对人工引入传粉者,特别是外来传粉者所面临的潜在风险和控制途径进行了梳理,提出从传粉生态服务解决油茶产量和质量问题的新思路。全文旨在为人工引入传粉者在油茶丰产中的作用提供理论与科学依据,以期促进油茶产业健康有序发展。 相似文献
13.
14.
内皮衍生舒张因子对缺血(缺氧),再灌注(复氧)心肌的保护作用 总被引:13,自引:1,他引:12
血管内皮产生的内皮衍生舒张因子(endothelium-derived relaxing factor,EDRF)即一氧化氮(nitric oxide,NO)本工作分别在大鼠Langendorff离体心脏灌流模型和培养的大鼠心肌细胞上观察了NO、NO的前体物质L-精氨酸(L-Arg)、NO的前体物质L-精氨酸(L-Arg)、NO的合成阻断剂L-硝基精氨酸(L-NNA)对心肌缺血(缺氧)再灌注(复氧 相似文献
15.
16.
Matthew J. Friedman Ante M. Krstulović Henri Colin Georges Guiochon Kathleen Pajer 《Analytical biochemistry》1984,142(2):480-486
Described in this paper is a rapid, isocratic assay for serum indole-3-acetic acid (IAA). The sample preparation involves only protein precipitation using sulfosalicylic acid, and the sensitivity of amperometric detection is in the picogram range. The chromatographic analysis time is approximately 4 min. The devised method was used for a longitudinal study of IAA levels in serum samples from control subjects and newly abstinent alcoholics. Dietary variations were eliminated by administering a 2.0-g loading dose of L-Trp to all subjects investigated. The results are presented in the form of cumulative frequency polygons. Preliminary data indicate no differences in IAA levels between newly abstinent alcoholics and control subjects. 相似文献
17.
18.
Découverte de microfaunes de l'Albienmoyen et supérieur dans la vallée de Joux (Jura Vaudois,Suisse)
The discovery of Foraminifera and Ostracodesin the dark green, sandy-glauconitic marl clay in the Joux Valley (in the Vaudois Jura) suggests to date these sediments Middle and Upper Albian. The Ostracode associations are similar to those found in the Paris Basin, but different from those which characterize the subalpine region. 相似文献
19.
Jean-Pierre Thieuloy 《Geobios》1977,10(3):395-461
The boreal Ammonites (and the more or lessphylogenetically related ones) of the southeast France (Tethyan Realm) are described and figured. 24 forms are refered to, or compared with, previously identified species. 3 are left under open nomenclature, and 7 are new ones. Two new subgenus: Julianites (Paquiericeras) and Lemurostephanus (Olcostephanus) are also introduced.Their biostratigraphic position in the Frenchzonal scheme is detailed. Their contribution to the establishment of correlation between the Boreal and Tethyan provinces is stressed.The most interesting feature is the identification of a Prodichotomites horizon just below the Verrucosum zone, allowing comparison of the definition of the Lower-Upper Valanginian boundary in these two paleobiogeographic realms. 相似文献
20.
宁夏分布有大面积的流动沙地和盐碱地,因此,引进适生的植物对治沙造林、改善生态环境有重大意义。本文报道沙拐枣属(Calligonum L.)和柽柳属(Tamarix L.)的引选及抗逆性造林技术方面的结果。 相似文献