The regulation of plant growth by the circadian clock

Circadian regulated changes in growth rates have been observed in numerous plants as well as in unicellular and multicellular algae. The circadian clock regulates a multitude of factors that affect growth in plants, such as water and carbon availability and light and hormone signalling pathways. The combination of high-resolution growth rate analyses with mutant and biochemical analysis is helping us elucidate the time-dependent interactions between these factors and discover the molecular mechanisms involved. At the molecular level, growth in plants is modulated through a complex regulatory network, in which the circadian clock acts at multiple levels.     

红树植物木榄胚轴中的挥发性成分和脂肪酸成分分析

应用毛细管气相色谱-质谱联用技术对红树植物木榄胚轴中挥发性成分和脂肪酸成分进行了分析检测,检测到挥发性成分30个,鉴定了其中的27种成分,占所检测挥发性成分总量的97.01%,以烷烃类为主,占鉴定成分的67.43%,还有酸、酯及萜类化合物等;检测到脂肪酸组分23种,确定了其中的19种,脂肪酸检出量为97.81%,其中饱和脂肪酸占64.87%,不饱和脂肪酸占35.13%。     

大白菜原生质体培养再生体系的优化

以栽培大白菜亲本材料河头早A、河头早B、青麻叶C、青麻叶D、石特一号9-3、石特一号11-4、玉青、运农一号等8个品种的无菌苗下胚轴为外植体游离获得原生质体,用液体浅层法将原生质体培养在含1．5mg,NAA、0．5mg／L TDZ、0．6mg／LBA、0．5mg／L 2,4-D的DPD培养基中。培养约48h,细胞发生第一次分裂。培养到第6天发生第二次分裂。约4周,形成大量细胞团和肉眼可见的小愈伤组织。当愈伤组织长到直径4mm左右时,转入分化培养基中诱导分化,在含0．05mg／L IBA的培养基中诱导生根。对影响原生质体培养与分化的多种因素进行了较为系统的研究。     

Effect of steady torque twisting on the orientation of cortical microtubules in the epidermis of the sunflower hypocotyl

Orientation of cortical microtubules (cMTs) is suggested to be affected by mechanical stress existing in cell walls. However, in mutants exhibiting helical (chiral) growth, there is a correlation between orientation of cMTs in outer tissues and helical growth direction. The aim of this research was to examine the effect of a chiral mechanical stimulation on cMTs. For this purpose, the orientation of cMTs was investigated in hypocotyls subjected to either a right- or a left-handed twist, resulting from a steady torque. cMTs were visualised in fixed material using the immunofluorescence method. The cMTs in untouched control hypocotyls were mostly transverse with respect to the cell long axis. In immobilised, but not twisted control hypocotyls, the transverse orientation was also most frequent, while applied twisting resulted in a change in cMT orientation from transverse to oblique. The data provide additional evidence that changes in tissue stress can be reorganized by cortical microtubules.     

芥蓝组织培养研究

以登峰芥蓝为试材,取无菌苗的茎段、下胚轴为外植体分别进行组织培养研究。结果表明:MS+6-BA 3.0 mg/L+NAA 0.2 mg/L为下胚轴最适诱导培养基,MS+6-BA 5.0 mg/L+NAA 0.2 mg/L为带腋芽茎段最适诱导培养基;最适宜的不定芽增殖培养基为MS+6-BA 3.0 mg/L+NAA 0.2 mg/L;试管苗在1/2MS+NAA 0.1 mg/L+IBA 0.2 mg/L培养基中进行生根培养效果最好;经炼苗后组培苗移栽成活率达96.6%。     

Natural variation in Arabidopsis seedling photomorphogenesis reveals a likely role for TED1 in phytochrome signalling

Natural genetic variation present among accessions of Arabidopsis thaliana (L.) Heynh. (commonly referred to as ‘ecotypes’) is a valuable, yet under‐exploited genetic resource for the study of plant developmental, physiological. and evolutionary responses to the environment. Seedling photomorphogenic responses were surveyed in a set of 11 Arabidopsis accessions collected from a variety of edaphic habitats and geographic locations. We observed substantial variation in light‐dependent hypocotyl growth responses in a variety of light conditions (white, red, blue, far‐red enriched light). The genetic basis for differences in hypocotyl growth responses to light between the Columbia (Col‐0) and Bensheim (Be‐0) accessions was examined in an F₂ population. Quantitative genetic and quantitative trait locus (QTL) analyses were consistent with a model in which differences in light responses were conditioned by a single major gene with semi‐dominant effect, located on chromosome 4. Further experiments suggested that the genetic difference governing hypocotyl variation in this cross may be allelic to ted1, an extragenic suppressor of the de‐etiolated mutant det1, that was identified as an ethylmethane sulphonate‐induced mutation. This finding supports a role for ted1 in photomorphogenic signalling.     

青菜的高效再生和农杆菌介导B.t.及CpTI基因的转化

分别对培养基中适宜的激素组成和AgNO3 添加浓度进行研究 ,建立了青菜下胚轴和子叶外植体的高效再生系统 ,青菜品种“矮抗青”的最高芽分化频率下胚轴可达 6 5 % ,子叶为 5 2 %左右。在此基础上 ,对影响转化频率的不同因素进行了探讨 ,共获 94株卡那霉素抗性植株。对转基因植株总DNA的Southernblot ting分析证明 ,B .t .基因和CpTI基因已整合到青菜植株的细胞核基因组中。经过抗虫性筛选试验 ,从转基因植株的T3 代筛选到 7个转B .t.基因的抗虫纯合株系和 5个转CpTI基因的抗虫纯合株系 ,并进入田间小区青菜抗虫新品种试验     

硝普钠（SNP）对绿豆下胚轴插条生根的影响

研究了SNP对绿豆下胚轴插条生根的影响.结果表明,SNP促进下胚轴插条生根的最适浓度和最佳时间分别为300μmol*L-1和24 h,最适浓度SNP对6 d龄幼苗下胚轴插条生根促进效果最好,对下胚轴插条的生根促进效应显著大于其余插条.同时就SNP、IBA和NAA对不定根发生的影响进行了比较研究.