专科护士职业认同与职业韧性关系中介研究

目的 探讨专业自我概念对专科护士职业认同、职业韧性的影响,为专科护士管理提供依据。 方法 采用一般资料问卷、职业认同量表、专业自我概念问卷、职业韧性量表,对277名参加专科护士培训班的专科护士进行调查,运用spss13.0进行相关和回归分析。 结果 专科护士年龄越大、工作年限越长、健康状况和有编制的职业韧性、专业自我概念得分越高（均P＜0.05）,健康自评越好、受教育水平越高、有编制的和在血液科、手术室等科室的其职业认同水平越高（均P＜0.05）,职业韧性得分与职业认同、专业自我概念得分呈正相关（r=0.383, 0.584,均P＜0.01）,中介效应结果分析表明专业自我概念（领导和灵活性维度）在职业认同和职业韧性之间中介效应显著（P＜0.05）,总的中介效应值为0.192,效果量50.1%。结论 专科护士的职业韧性与职业认同和专业自我概念密切相关,职业认同可通过专业自我概念来间接提高其职业韧性水平。     

恒定自然杀伤T细胞与肿瘤免疫治疗

恒定自然杀伤T细胞(iNKT)是T淋巴细胞的一个独特亚群,兼具自然杀伤(NK)细胞和T细胞特征,同时表达T细胞受体(TCR)和NK细胞表面标志。iNKT细胞被激活后,通过分泌细胞因子,活化其它免疫细胞参与先天性免疫和获得性免疫,在抗肿瘤免疫过程中发挥调节作用。在多种癌症患者体内,发现外周血中iNKT细胞的数量降低、功能减弱,进而导致临床治疗效果不佳。近年来,基础研究和早期临床试验结果表明,注射抗原递呈细胞或/和体外培养并活化的iNKT细胞,抗肿瘤免疫治疗效果显著。本文就iNKT细胞的分类及生物学特性,在肿瘤免疫治疗中的作用与其机制,以及其临床应用等进行综述。     

Proteomic profiling of the cancer cell secretome: informing clinical research

Introduction: Cancer represents one of the major causes of human deaths. Identification of proteins as biomarkers for early detection of cancer and therapeutic targets for cancer treatment are important issues in precision medicine. Secretome of cancer cells represents the collection of proteins secreted or shed from cancer cells. Proteomic profiling of the cancer cell secretome has been proven to be a convenient and efficient way to discover cancer biomarker and/or therapeutic targets.

Areas covered: There have been numerous reviews describing the history and application of secretome analysis in cancer biomarker/therapeutic target research. The present review focuses on the technological advancement for profiling low-molecular-mass proteins in secretome, the latest information regarding the new candidate biomarkers and molecular mechanisms discovered on the basis of cancer cell secretome analysis, as well as the previously discovered candidate biomarkers that enter into clinical trials.

Expert commentary: Current technologies for protein sample preparation/separation and MS-based protein identification have allowed in-depth analysis of cancer cell secretome. Future efforts should focus on the comprehensiveness of cancer cell secretome, meta-analysis of different secretome datasets and integrated analysis via combining other omics datasets, as well as the incorporation of MS-based biomarker verification pipeline into both preclinical studies and clinical trials.     

Benefit Sharing in a Global Context: Working Towards Solutions for Implementation

Due to the state of globalized clinical research, questions have been raised as to what, if any, benefits those who contribute to research should receive. One model for compensating research participants is “benefit sharing,” and the basic premise is that, as a matter of justice, those who contribute to scientific research should share in its benefits. While incorporated into several international documents for over two decades, benefit sharing has only been sparsely implemented. This analysis begins by addressing the concept of benefit sharing, its historical development, and how it has been applied in the context of virus sharing for influenza research. The second portion of this analysis presents recommendations for ensuring benefit sharing. These recommendations are threefold: 1) an emphasis on social pressure, 2) the revision of international documents as means to ensure benefit sharing, and 3) greater collaboration between sponsor IRB and host country IRB. Because clinical research is a globalized industry, a global model will be proposed in the second that focuses on collaboration between the sponsor and host country. This collaboration is vital in order to ensure that proper forms of benefit sharing are accomplished as a matter of justice.     

亚稀褶黑菇中毒的临床表现和中毒机理探讨

本文通过对湖南省茶陵县亚稀褶黑菇中毒事件的调查,获得了尽的临床资料,并通过分析中毒病人的临床表现,首次探讨了亚稀褶黑菇的中毒机理, 结果表明,亚稀褶黑姑毒素作为一种外界信号分子与细胞膜受体结合,引起细胞内Ｃa^2 浓度上升,通过一系列生理生化反应过程,导致细胞死亡。     

Gene therapy moves forward - The Second International Meeting on Gene and Cell Therapies of Arthritis and Related Disorders, 17-18 May 2001, Montpellier, France

The field of gene therapy for bone and joint disorders has grown considerably over the last two and a half years. Investigators have shown that ex vivo or in vivo gene transfer is highly effective in blocking arthritis or facilitating repair of damaged cartilage or bone. The feasibility of applying gene therapy for the treatment of arthritis in humans has also been demonstrated. Thus, gene therapy appears poised to make significant contributions to the clinical treatment of joint and bone diseases in the near future.     

染色体多态性与临床效应及生殖关系的探究

为了探讨人类染色体结构多态性与生殖异常临床效应的关系,按常规技术方法制备外周血淋巴细胞染色体,经G、C显带,对1 414例遗传咨询者进行核型分析,检出异常核型273例。其中多态性变异180例,占65.93%,非多态性异常核型93例,占34.07％。多态性变异包括D、G组短臂增长10例,次缢痕增长(包括1、9和16号染色体)35例,大Y染色体和小Y染色体 99例,Y染色体臂间倒位6例,9号染色体臂间倒位30例。结果表明,人类染色体多态性与流产、不孕不育、死胎、生育畸形儿等有相关性。     

Six‐Month Treatment of Obesity with Sibutramine 15 mg; A Double‐Blind,Placebo‐Controlled Monocenter Clinical Trial in a Hispanic Population

Objective: To evaluate the safety and efficacy of sibutramine 15 mg by mouth once per day in obese patients over a period of 6 months. Research Methods and Procedures: A monocenter, double‐blind, placebo controlled, parallel, prospective clinical trial was carried out. Sixty‐nine male and female obese patients (body mass index [BMI] > 30 kg/m²) aged 16 to 65 years entered the trial. Results: 22 of 35 patients in the sibutramine group and 9 of 34 patients in the placebo group completed the trial. The high dropout rate in the sibutramine group was due to adverse events in 3 cases, lack of efficacy (as judged by patients) in 7, loss to follow‐up in 2, and an orthopedic device being worn in 1; in the placebo group the dropouts were ascribed to lack of efficacy (as judged by patients) in 17 cases and to loss to follow‐up in 8 cases. Using the method of last observation carried forward, the weight loss in the sibutramine group was 10.27 kg (95% confidence intervals [95% CI] 7.66; 13.07) and 1.26 kg (95% CI 0.3; 2.23) in the placebo group. The BMI loss was 4.17 kg/m² (95% CI 3.11; 5.22) in the sibutramine group and 0.53 kg/m² (95% CI 0.13; 0.92) in the placebo group. The waist circumference reduction was 12.51 cm (95% CI 9.25; 15.77) in the sibutramine group and 3.26 cm (95% CI 1.38; 5.14) in the control group (p < 0.05 by paired Student's t test for all the intragroup comparisons). Twenty‐three sibutramine patients had 34 adverse events, the most frequent adverse events in the sibutramine group were upper respiratory tract infections (n = 6) and constipation (n = 6); 16 placebo patients had 21 adverse events. Three sibutramine patients withdrew their informed consent when they had adverse events. Discussion: The results show that sibutramine induces significant loss of body weight and waist circumference. Cardiovascular function was not significantly affected by sibutramine. Sibutramine was well tolerated by most of the patients.