三个玉米合成群体选系的配合力及杂种优势分析

采用NCⅡ遗传交配设计,通过在黑龙江省哈尔滨和泰来的两点试验,以玉米自交系Mo17、B73、444和丹340为测验种,对从群体品综1号、中综3号和陕综5号选育的18份自交系进行配合力及杂种优势分析,以探讨群体选系在我国东北早熟玉米区的利用途径。结果表明,供试自交系间一般配合力存在较大差异;陕综5号群体选系HR14、HR17和HR15、中综3号选系HR9和HR8、品综1号选系HR4的一般配合力较高。在供试的72个组合中HR15×丹340、HR17×丹340、HR9×Mo17、HR14×丹340、HR7×B73、HR8×B73、HR6×444、HR5×丹340产量的特殊配合力及对照优势较高,表现出较高的利用潜力。依据特殊配合力及对照优势分析,中综3号选系与旅大红骨群、陕综5号选系与兰卡斯特群、品综1号选系与瑞德群遗传关系较近。结合育种实践,在我国北方早熟春玉米区陕综5号×旅大红骨、中综3号×瑞德或兰卡斯特、品综1号×旅大红骨或唐四平头可能组成较大利用潜力的杂种优势模式。     

The use of killer sensitivity patterns for biotyping yeast strains: the state of the art, potentialities and limitations

In recent years molecular techniques have been the most useful tools for the unequivocal identification of undetermined strains at the species level. In many instances, however, a further discrimination at the strain level (biotyping) is required, such as during epidemiological investigations, in which the distribution of pathogenic microorganisms is studied, and for patent protection purposes. Although molecular methods are routinely used also for yeast biotyping, several nonmolecular techniques have been proposed. One of these, the determination of the killer sensitivity pattern (KSP) towards a panel of selected killer toxins has proven to be a good auxiliary method. Despite the plethora of studies published, the potential and limitations of the determination of KSPs have never been critically evaluated. In this review the use of this nonmolecular technique as a biotyping tool is discussed and compared with some currently used DNA-based procedures. In addition, methodological, mechanistic and ecological implications are evaluated.     

听力障碍青少年治疗过程心理干预对患儿语言能力恢复和心境状态的影响

摘要 目的：探讨听力障碍青少年治疗过程心理干预对患儿语言能力恢复和心境状态的影响。方法：选取我院2019年6月到2020年6月共收治的80例7~18岁听力障碍青少年作为研究对象,将患儿随机分为观察组与对照组,每组40例。对所有患儿应用人工耳蜗植入术进行治疗,给予对照组常规言语训练以及健康教育等干预。观察组患儿在常规干预基础上增加全治疗过程的心理干预。对比两组患儿的治疗效果,语言能力恢复,心境状态,ABC评分。结果：观察组患儿治疗的总有效率为92.50%,对照组患儿治疗的总有效率为75.00%,观察组高于对照组（P＜0.05）;两组患儿干预前的言语形成、听觉能力以及听觉感知对比无明显差异（P＞0.05）,两组患儿通过治疗与干预之后,言语形成、听觉能力以及听觉感知明显提升,且观察组评分高于对照组（P＜0.05）;两组患儿干预前的精神、控制、能力、忍受消极情感以及接受变化对比无明显差异（P＞0.05）,两组患儿通过治疗与干预之后,精神、控制、能力、忍受消极情感以及接受变化明显降低,且观察组评分低于对照组（P＜0.05）;两组干预前的兴奋、易激怒、刻板行为以及不恰当语言等评分比较无统计学意义（P＞0.05）,两组患儿干预后,各评分均下降,其中观察组小于对照组,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。结论：对听力障碍青少年在常规治疗与干预基础上增加心理干预,能够提升患儿的治疗效果,提升语言能力恢复情况,减少负面情绪,提升患儿的心境状态,值得临床应用推广。     

电针足少阳经穴联合本体感觉训练对膝关节骨性关节炎患者步行能力、血液流变学和骨代谢的影响

摘要 目的：探讨电针足少阳经穴联合本体感觉训练对膝关节骨性关节炎（KOA）患者步行能力、血液流变学和骨代谢的影响。方法：按照随机数字表法,将2019年8月~2022年1月期间于我院就诊的KOA患者204例分为对照组（102例,本体感觉训练）和研究组（102例,电针足少阳经穴联合本体感觉训练）。对比两组膝关节功能、疼痛症状、步行能力、血液流变学和骨代谢情况。结果：治疗4周后,两组视觉疼痛模拟评分（VAS）、西安大略和麦克马斯特大学骨关节炎调查量表（WOMAC）评分下降,Lysholm 膝关节功能评分升高,且研究组的改变程度大于对照组（P<0.05）。治疗4周后,两组双支撑相下降,步速、步长升高,且研究组的改变程度大于对照组（P<0.05）。治疗4周后,两组纤维蛋白原、红细胞聚集指数、全血黏度（高切）、全血黏度（低切）下降,研究组的改变程度大于对照组（P<0.05）。治疗4周后,两组碱性磷酸酶（ALP）、骨钙素（BGP）、骨特异性碱性磷酸酶（BALP）水平升高,研究组的改变程度大于对照组（P<0.05）。结论：电针足少阳经穴联合本体感觉训练可改善KOA患者的疼痛症状,促进膝关节功能恢复,改善步行能力,作用机制可能与调节血液流变学和骨代谢有关。     

基于层次分析法对白垩纪短脉螽科昆虫后足胫节端距的游泳能力检测

短脉螽科是直翅目昆虫的一个中生代灭绝类群,其最重要特征之一是后足胫节末端具有3—4根较长的距,可以分为长刺状、棒状和叶状等3种类型。在假设短脉螽科具有游泳能力条件下,利用层次分析法(Analytic Hierarchy Process,AHP)探讨短脉螽不同后足胫节端距类型对游泳能力的贡献。分析表明短脉螽科昆虫中,具有叶状端距的类型更有利于提高该类昆虫的游泳能力。短脉螽科昆虫后足端距的高分异度,表明该科昆虫在白垩纪的近水环境不同生态位中均具有较好的适应性。     

Direct and indirect impacts of wildfire on faunal communities of Mediterranean temporary ponds

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Discrimination between extreme chronotypes using the full and reduced version of the Morningness-Eveningness Questionnaire

The aim of this study was to carry out a comparison of the ability to discriminate between extreme chronotypes, i.e., morning- and evening-types, among the Morningness-Eveningness Questionnaire (MEQ) and its reduced version (rMEQ). To this end a secondary analysis of cohort studies, using two different approaches, was carried out. The first, subjective, relied on the computing of overlap between extreme chronotypes according to their hourly ideal bedtime, get-up time and midpoint of sleep reported at the MEQ and rMEQ, while the second, objective, on the corresponding actual-actigraphic times. At the subjective approach, 2706 participants filled in the MEQ, while 940 the rMEQ (age range of both groups: 18–30 years). The overlap was significantly lower among those who filled the rMEQ than MEQ when considering ideal midpoint of sleep (13.70% and 46.28%, respectively) and get-up time (47.04% and 62.34%, respectively). At the objective approach, 51 participants filled in the MEQ while 52 the rMEQ (age range: 19–30 years in both groups) at the end of one week of actigraphic recording. No significantly different overlap across those who filled the MEQ or rMEQ was observed with reference to the examined actigraphic times. Results of subjective assessment showed as rMEQ more clearly discriminated between extreme chronotypes than MEQ. The attempt to find an objective confirmation did not provide the same results, probably as a consequence of a masking effect by social rhythms.     

Unraveling the essential role in conjugation of the Tra protein of Streptomyces lividans plasmid pIJ101

Plasmid pIJ101 from Streptomyces lividans encodes a single gene, tra, that is essential for both plasmid transfer and mobilization of chromosomes during mating. The tra gene product (Tra) is a membrane protein, a portion of which shows similarity to transfer proteins of other streptomycete plasmids as well as additional bacterial chromosome partitioning proteins. This paper reviews past and present work that has focused on elucidating the precise role of the Tra protein of pIJ101 in conjugation in Streptomyces.     

Abscess forming ability of streptococcus milleri group: synergistic effect with Fusobacterium nucleatum.

The abscess forming abilities of "Streptococcus milleri" strains (Streptococcus constellatus, Streptococcus anginiosus, and Streptococcus intermedius) isolated from dentoalveolar abscesses and the synergistic effect of Fusobacterium nucleatum co-inoculated with the isolates were examined on a mouse subcutaneous abscess model. Five days after inoculation, all S. milleri strains formed abscesses, which showed less pathological spread to surrounding connective tissues than those formed by Staphylococcus aureus 209P strain and were similar to those by F. nucleatum ATCC25586. When each S. milleri strain and F. nucleatum were co-inoculated, abscess sizes and each bacterial number recovered from abscesses increased in comparison to those treated by bacterial mono-inoculation of each S. milleri strain or F. nucleatum alone. The strongest synergistic effect was observed in the combination of S. constellatus and F. nucleatum. In a time course experiment with this combination, the recovery of S. constellatus subsequently decreased after the decrement of F. nucleatum, and it appeared that the association with F. nucleatum maintained the bacterial number of S. constellatus in the abscess. The cell-free supernatant of F. nucleatum had a tendency to increase the abscess size caused by S. constellatus in this model. When S. constellatus was cultured with F. nucleatum culture supernatant in vitro, growth enhancement in the early phase was observed. Furthermore, the phagocytic killing of S. constellatus by human polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs) was significantly suppressed and the PMN membranes appeared to be injured by addition of the F. nucleatum culture supernatant. These results suggest that the pathogenicity of S. milleri strains in odontogenic infections may be enhanced by the co-existence of F. nucleatum.     

Fermentative capacity of baker's yeast exposed to hyperbaric stress

Baker's yeast suspensions were incubated at different pressures (from 1 bar to 6 bar) and different gases [air, O(2) and a mixture of 8% (v/v) CO(2), 21% O(2) and N(2)]. Raising the air pressure from 1 bar to 6 bar stimulated cell growth but had no effect on leavening ability or viability of the cells. A 50% reduction of the CO(2) produced in dough occurred with 6 bar O(2) which also stopped growth. The fermentative capacity of the cells was stimulated by the cells exposure to increased CO(2) partial pressure up to 0.48 bar.