Comparisons of population density and genetic diversity in artificial and wild populations of an arborescent coral,Acropora yongei: implications for the efficacy of “artificial spawning hotspots”

We are developing techniques to restore coral populations by enhancing larval supply using “artificial spawning hotspots” that aggregate conspecific adult corals. However, no data were available regarding how natural larval supply from wild coral populations is influenced by fertilization rate and how this is in turn affected by local population density and genetic diversity. Therefore, we assessed population density and genetic diversity of a wild, arborescent coral, Acropora yongei, and compared these parameters with those of an artificially established A. yongei population in the field. The population density of wild arborescent corals was only 0.27% of that in the artificial population, even in a high‐coverage area. Genetic diversity was also low in the wild population compared with the artificial population, and approximately 10% of all wild colonies were clones. Based on these results, the larval supply in the artificial population was estimated to be at least 1,400 times higher than that in wild A. yongei populations for the same area of adult population.     

A novel homozygous 10 nucleotide deletion in BBS10 causes Bardet–Biedl syndrome in a Pakistani family

Bardet–Biedl Syndrome is a multisystem autosomal recessive disorder characterized by central obesity, polydactyly, hypogonadism, learning difficulties, rod-cone dystrophy and renal dysplasia. Bardet–Biedl Syndrome has a prevalence rate ranging from 1 in 100,000 to 1 in 160,000 births although there are communities where Bardet–Biedl Syndrome is found at a higher frequency due to consanguinity. We report here a Pakistani consanguineous family with two affected sons with typical clinical features of Bardet–Biedl Syndrome, in addition to abnormal liver functioning and bilateral basal ganglia calcification, the latter feature being typical of Fahr's disease. Homozygous regions obtained from SNP array depicted three known genes BBS10, BBS14 and BBS2. Bidirectional sequencing of all coding exons by traditional sequencing of all these three genes showed a homozygous deletion of 10 nucleotides (c.1958_1967del), in BBS10 in both affected brothers. The segregation analysis revealed that the parents, paternal grandfather, maternal grandmother and an unaffected sister were heterozygous for the deletion. Such a large deletion in BBS10 has not been reported previously in any population and is likely to be contributing to the phenotype of Bardet–Biedl Syndrome in this family.     

葛洲坝下中华鲟繁殖生物学特性及其人工繁殖效果

以1998—2004年(除2002年外)间从葛洲坝下产卵场捕获的57尾(雌36尾,雄21尾)中华鲟人工繁殖群体为材料,研究了中华鲟人工繁殖群体的繁殖生物学特性.结果表明:1998—2004年间中华鲟雌鲟体长240～320cm,体质量140～432kg,年龄15～30龄;雄鲟体长153～284cm,体质量70～244kg,年龄12～26龄.雌鲟催产率93·1%,雄鲟催产率100%.卵子可明显分为7种颜色;绝对怀卵量为20～59万粒,平均35·8万粒;相对怀卵量820～3020粒·kg-1,平均1590粒·kg-1.精液明显分为4种颜色;绝对采精量1000～5952ml,平均2597·8ml;相对采精量1·25～31·24ml·kg-1,平均13·3ml·kg-1.多年人工催产受精率平均达到63·7%,孵化率达到48·1%,6年共孵化出苗476·2万尾,保证了人工繁殖放流的实施.资料对比显示,中华鲟繁殖群体自然繁殖力大幅下降.     

紫外分光光度法测定牛黄中胆酸的研究

本文研究了用紫外分光光度法测定牛黄中胆酸的实验条件和方法。     

针对DNA长片段靶标的锌指筛选体系

锌指蛋白能够特异性识别目标DNA序列,常被作为分子靶向因子用于定点核酸编辑以及定点转录调控等方面,具有十分广泛的应用前景.然而,目前常规采用的实验方法得到的锌指蛋白通常结合的目标DNA序列较短,结合能力不强,因而一直难以高效运用在核酸序列与调控蛋白在基因组上的原位互作等方面的研究中.为了解决这个问题,本研究构建了一个高通量筛选系统,利用N4噬菌体gp8毒蛋白和LacZ作为报告基因,以300 bp以上的DNA长片段为靶标,来筛选能够结合多位点的锌指蛋白组合,提高锌指蛋白应用的精确度以及效率.该系统针对小鼠Nrxn-1?启动子区域进行了锌指蛋白文库筛选,得到了具有序列选择特异性的混合锌指蛋白库,并对筛选结果进行了初步功能验证.研究表明,本系统具有简便快捷的特点,不仅大幅度缩短了筛选时间,而且减少了因靶标序列DNA片段较长而不得不反复设计多位点结合锌指蛋白造成的成本浪费;筛选得到的锌指蛋白库具有较高的长片段DNA靶标结合能力和一定的序列特异性,并且能够在真核细胞内特异地结合目标DNA序列.因此,本研究建立的新型锌指筛选系统不仅可以广泛应用于高通量筛选,而且在DNA-蛋白相互作用的研究中也具有重要意义.     

桂西壮族手皮纹的分析

本文对广西西部500例健康壮族大、中学生的手皮纹进行了观察分析,计算出各型指纹频率、指纹脊线总数、指纹频度指数、atd角度、a-b脊线数、τ距比、主线横向指数、皮纹花样出现率、掌褶纹出现率共九项基本参数,并将这些数值与汉族作了比较,桂西壮族的手纹与汉族既有相似之处,又有本民族的特点。     

转基因动物技术的研究进展

转基因动物是其基因组内稳定整合了所导入的外源基因的动物。目前转基因实验动物体系的研究,主要集中在导入方法和提高整合和表达效率两个方面。本文对这两个方面的进展作一综述。 Abstract：Transgenic animals are those whose genome have foreign genes integrated. Nowadays, researches concentrated in the ways of gene transfer and of improving efficiency of integration and expression.The paper has con cluded these two aspects.     

武陵源风景区生态承载力预警

随着人类面临的严重环境挑战,可持续发展模式作为全人类共同的选择变得越来越重要。生态承载力作为可持续发展的衡量指标,通过生态承载力水平与生态荷载状况表现出来。可持续承载力预警是以可持续发展为目标进行生态承载力调控。利用主成分分析法、层次分析法构建了武陵源风景区的生态承载力评价指标体系,作为模型的输入层预警指标,并利用状态空间法求算的生态承载指数进行警度区间的划分,通过样本训练、建立BP神经网络模型,进行生态承载预警。从风景区的资源承载、环境承载、生态弹性和生态承压等方面来考虑,析出17个资源类、环境类、社会经济类指标作为评价指标体系。对于武陵源风景区的承载状态,从时间上看,2000年曾出现超载状态,主要是风景区的核心区范围内出现城市化现象所致;从空间上看,协和乡出现超载状态,其主要原因在于资源的开发利用上。基于BP网络模型实现的生态承载力预警,用于预测预报未来的可持续发展的发展状态,可以及时反映可持续状态的调控效果,为区域系统的可持续发展提供科学依据。     

基于人工神经网络的农业病虫害预测模型及其效果检验

选取与病虫害有关的因子作为样本的输入特征,建立了农业病虫害年分类预测的Ｂ－Ｐ人工神经网络模型。该方法应用于稻瘟病的预测建模结果的拟合率为１００％,预留样本检验报率为８３％。