微波消解-ICP-MS法测定油菜蜂花粉咀嚼片中12种元素

采用微波消解法处理样品,研究了微波消解和ICP-MS的测定条件,测定了咀嚼片中Cr、Mn、CA、As、Sn、Ni、Zn、Co、Ag、Pb、Se、Te12种元素含量,在最佳实验条件下,方法测定下限介于0．01μg/g-0．10μg／g之间,RSD均小于5％,加标回收在97—103％之间,方法可用于实际样品分析。     

洛索洛芬钠混合性缓释片的制备

目的:制备洛索洛芬钠混合性缓释片并考察其体外释放度.方法:采用混合骨架材料制备洛索洛芬钠混合性缓释片.以硬脂酸为骨架材料,并以药物在222 nm的波长处的吸收度为指标考察不同比例的硬脂酸、乙基纤维素、羟丙基甲基纤维素及乳糖对洛索洛芬钠释放速率和影响因素进行考察,确定最优处方.结果:在一定范围内,随着硬脂酸量的减少,乳糖和HPMC含量增加,片剂的累积释放量增加.制备的缓释片可以持续释放药物12小时.结论:制备的洛索洛芬钠混合性缓释片缓释效果良好.     

Formulation and Evaluation of Bi-layer Tablet of Metoclopramide Hydrochloride and Ibuprofen

The aim of this study was to prepare bi-layer tablet of Metoclopramide Hydrochloride (MTH) and Ibuprofen (IB) for the effective treatment of migraine. MTH and IB were formulated as immediate and sustained release layer respectively. MTH was formulated as immediate release layer by using various disintegrants like Ac-Di-Sol, Polyplasdone XL, Explotab, Agar and Gellan Gum. Treated form of gellan gum and agar was prepared and compared for their disintegrant efficiency with other disintegrants. IB was formulated as sustained release layer using hydrophilic matrix (hydroxypropylmethylcellulose [HPMC K₄M]). The effect of concentration of hydrophilic matrix (HPMC K₄M), binder (polyvinylpyrollidone [PVP K₃₀]) and buffer (sodium bicarbonate) on IB release was studied. The dissolution study of sustained release layer showed that an increasing amount of HPMC or PVP K₃₀ results in reduced IB release. The inclusion of buffer (sodium bicarbonate) enhanced the release of IB from sustained release layer. The rational for formulation of bi-layer tablet of these two drugs in combination was (1) MTH increases the absorption of acidic non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) by increasing gastric motility. So sequential release of MTH (as immediate release) and IB (as sustained release) was suitable for treatment of migraine. (2) MTH was degraded when prolonged contact with acidic NSAID. Bi-layer tablet was suitable for preventing direct contact of these two drugs and thus to maximize the efficacy of combination of two drugs for migraine.     

低剂量α干扰素口含片的抗病毒实验研究

本实验是对低剂量α干扰素口含片抗病毒实验研究,通过对各组小鼠不同的给药时间及不同的感染时间,取鼠肺制成悬液接种鸡胚,35℃培养3天,取尿囊液作血滴定,以此来验证干扰素口含片是否抗病毒以及效果如何。     

HPLC法测定银杏叶征剂中决黄酮甙的含量

银杏 (ＧｉｎｋｇｏｂｉｌｏｂａＬｉｎｎ .)叶提取物 (ＧＢＥ)是银杏叶经提取、分离而得的干浸膏 ,是银杏叶制剂的主要原料。药理及临床表明 ,它能增加冠状动脉血流量 ,可用于动脉硬化及高血压所致的冠状动脉供血不全、心绞痛、心肌梗塞、脑血栓、脑血管痉挛等症[1] 。其活性成分主要是黄酮类和萜内酯[2 ] 。银杏叶黄酮类成分的测定方法 ,有紫外分光光度法和高效液相色谱法 ,因前者专属性较差 ,现多数厂家均采用后者。高效液相色谱法测定总黄酮甙的含量时 ,在对照品的使用上 ,既有单用槲皮素 (ｑｕｅｒｃｅｔｉｎ)为对照品的测定方法[3 ] ,…     

Powder and mechanical properties of microcrystalline cellulose with different degrees of polymerization

This study investigated the influence of the degree of polymerization (DP) of cellulose materials (microcrystalline cellulose [MCC]) on some powder properties and the compression behavior of these materials. The DP was determined by measurements of viscosity (H). The weight average of molecular weight and the weight average of the different DPs were investigated after MCC was modified to cellulose tricarbanilate by light scattering measurements. The DP showed a remarkable influence on the physicochemical properties of the cellulose materials and, consequently, on the behavior of these materials during compression. MCC types with a high DP value showed greater water absorption than the types with a low DP value. No relevant relationship between the crystallinity index and the DP could be observed. DP 190 showed lower compactibility and compressibility parameters than DP 244 and 299. No significant differences could be observed between DP 244 and 299 when the same particle size fraction was compressed. Furthermore, the compressibility was increased by increasing the DP.     

Effects of physical properties for starch acetate powders on tableting

The aim of the study was to investigate particle and powder properties of various starch acetate powders, to study the effect of these properties on direct compression characteristics, and to evaluate the modification opportunity of physical properties for starch acetate powders by using various drying methods. At the end of the production phase of starch acetate, the slurry of starch acetate was dried using various techniques. Particle, powder, and tableting properties of end products were investigated. Particle size, circularity, surface texture, water content and specific surface area varied according to the particular drying method of choice. However, all powders were freely flowing. Bulk and tapped densities of powders varied in the range of 0.29 to 0.44 g/cm³ and 0.39 to 0.56 g/cm³, respectively. Compaction characteristics revealed that all powders were easily deformed under compression, having yield pressure values of less than 66 MPa according to Heckel analysis. All powders possessed a significant interparticulate bond-forming capacity during compaction. The tensile strength values of tablets varied between 10 and 18 MPa. In conclusion, physical properties of starch acetate could be affected by various drying techniques. A large specific surface area and water content above 4% were favorable properties by direct compression, especially for small, irregular, and rough particles.     

Influence of processing-induced phase transformations on the dissolution of theophylline tablets

The object of this investigation was to evaluate the influence of (1) processing-induced decrease in drug crystallinity and (2) phase transformations during dissolution, on the performance of theophylline tablet formulations. Anhydrous theophylline underwent multiple transformations (anhydrate --> hydrate --> anhydrate) during processing. Although the crystallinity of the anhydrate obtained finally was lower than that of the unprocessed drug, it dissolved at a slower rate. This decrease in dissolution rate was attributed to the accelerated anhydrate to hydrate transformation during the dissolution run. Water vapor sorption studies proved to be a good predictor of powder dissolution behavior. While a decrease in crystallinity was brought about either by milling or by granulation, the effect on tablet dissolution was pronounced only in the latter. Tablet formulations prepared from the granules exhibited higher hardness, longer disintegration time, and slower dissolution than those containing the milled drug. The granules underwent plastic deformation during compression resulting in harder tablets, with delayed disintegration. The high hardness coupled with rapid anhydrate --> hydrate transformation during dissolution resulted in the formation of a hydrate layer on the tablet surface, which further delayed tablet disintegration and, consequently, dissolution. Phase transformations during processing and, more importantly, during dissolution influenced the observed dissolution rates. Product performance was a complex function of the physical state of the active and the processing conditions.     

盐酸倍他司汀片联合盐酸氟桂利嗪片对椎-基底动脉供血不足性眩晕症患者椎基底动脉血流动力学和生活质量的影响

摘要 目的：观察盐酸倍他司汀片联合盐酸氟桂利嗪片对椎-基底动脉供血不足（VBI）性眩晕症患者椎基底动脉血流动力学和生活质量的影响。方法：选择2019年5月~2021年2月期间来我院就诊的97例VBI性眩晕症患者,根据乱数表法,入选的患者分为对照组和观察组,分别为48例和49例,对照组接受盐酸倍他司汀片治疗,观察组接受盐酸倍他司汀片联合盐酸氟桂利嗪片治疗,均治疗2周。对比两组疗效、药物不良反应、眩晕症状评分、生活质量、椎基底动脉血流动力学情况。结果：观察组的临床总有效率（93.88%）高于对照组（72.92%）（P<0.05）。治疗2周后,观察组的眩晕评定量表的评分系统（DARS）、眩晕障碍量表（DHI）评分低于对照组（P<0.05）。治疗2周后,观察组的36项健康调查简表（SF-36）各维度评分均高于对照组（P<0.05）。治疗2周后,观察组的左侧/右侧椎动脉及基底动脉血流速度较对照组高（P<0.05）。两组不良反应发生率对比无差异（P>0.05）。结论：盐酸倍他司汀片联合盐酸氟桂利嗪片治疗VBI性眩晕症患者疗效显著,可有效改善其椎基底动脉血流动力学状况,缓解眩晕症状,提高生活质量。     

和血明目片联合全视网膜激光光凝术对糖尿病视网膜病变患者视力状况、血液流变学及脉络膜厚度的影响

摘要 目的：探讨和血明目片联合全视网膜激光光凝术（PRP）对糖尿病视网膜病变（DR）患者视力状况、血液流变学及脉络膜厚度的影响。方法：选择2018年3月~2019年12月期间来安徽省第二人民医院接受治疗的60例DR患者,经计算机随机编号按奇偶顺序分为对照组（奇数,n=30）和研究组（偶数,n=30）,两组在接受常规降糖治疗的基础上,对照组患者接受PRP治疗,研究组患者接受和血明目片联合PRP治疗,对比两组临床总有效率,观察两组治疗前后的视力状况、血液流变学及脉络膜厚度变化。结果：研究组的临床总有效率高于对照组（P<0.05）。治疗后,两组裸眼视力、视野、视敏度均升高,研究组的升高程度大于对照组（P<0.05）。治疗后,两组血浆黏度（PV）、红细胞聚集指数（AI）、全血高切黏度（NBH）、全血低切黏度（NBL）、血沉（ESR）均下降,研究组的下降程度大于对照组（P<0.05）。治疗后,两组黄斑中心凹下脉络膜厚度（SFCT）、下方脉络膜厚度（ICT）、上方脉络膜厚度（SCT）、鼻侧脉络膜厚度（NCT）、颞侧脉络膜厚度（TCT）均下降,研究组的下降程度大于对照组（P<0.05）。两组均未见明显的不良反应发生。结论：和血明目片联合PRP可有效改善DR患者的视力状况、血液流变学及脉络膜厚度。