贵州三都地区水族人群ABO血型分布

随机抽样贵州省三都水族自治县水族人群500例,进行ABO血型的检测分析。调查结果为：（1）水族的ABO血型分布为A型占29.41%,B型占22.06%,O型占44.12%,AB型占4.41%;特征为O>A>B>AB。基因频率是p=01871,q=01430,r=06699;特征为r>p>q。（2）水族ABO血型分布的民族指数为1.278。此次调查贵州省三都的水族具有较高的O基因频率,具有典型的南方人群结构特征。调查结果基本上与以前的文献资料相符,且符合我国省区血型频数分布规律。     

山东汉族成人的Heath-Carter法体型研究

应用HeathCarter人体测量法对1001名（男502名,女499名）年龄在20—88岁间的山东省青州和临朐两县市的城乡汉族（以下简称山东汉族）进行了体型评定。结果是：（1）山东汉族男性的平均体型值为44—48—17（城4.6—4.7—1.5,乡4.2—4.8—1.8）,属内胚层-中胚层均衡型体型;各年龄组中以内胚层-中胚层均衡体型、偏内胚层的中胚层体型及偏中胚层的内胚层体型为主。女性的平均体型值为5.7—4.2—1.4（城5.8—4.2—1.3,乡5.6—4.2—1.4）,属偏中胚层的内胚层体型;各年龄组中以偏中胚层的内胚层体型及内胚层-中胚层均衡体型为主。（2）随着年龄的增长,男（20—44岁）女（20—54岁）性内、中因子值上升,外因子值下降。城乡男女以30岁为体型分界点,表现为30岁前后的体型差异。（3）汉族成年人体型存在显著性性别差异,但无城乡差异。（4）山东汉族男性与蒙古族及加拿大样本人群的平均体型相类似;女性平均体型介于鄂温克族、鄂伦春族、达斡尔族和蒙古族样本人群的平均体型之间。     

新疆地区少数民族与汉族甲状腺疾病患者的临床特征比较

目的：比较新疆地区少数民族与汉族甲状腺疾病的患病情况和临床类型特点。方法：选择本院2009 年1月至2011 年12 月收治的312 例被确诊为甲状腺疾病的患者,统计分析其临床资料如民族、年龄、性别、病程间的分布。结果：新疆地区少数民族和汉族8 种常见甲状腺疾病如甲状腺瘤、甲亢、单纯性甲状腺肿、亚急性甲状腺炎、桥本氏病、毒性甲亢、甲减和结节性甲状腺肿的发病率比较均无统计学差异（P〉0.05）。少数民族和汉族男性和女性间常见甲状腺疾病的发病率比较均无显著性差异（P〉0.05）,但少数民族男女性患者和汉族男女性间常见甲状腺疾病的发病率比较的差异均有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。少数民族与汉族甲状腺功能减退症患者的发病年龄、病程以及居住地分布均无显著性差异（P〉0.05）。结论：新疆地区各少数民族几种常见甲状腺疾病发病情况与汉族比较无显著性差异。     

滇西北纳西族传统食用植物的民族植物学研究——以丽江地区文海村为例

社会的快速发展加剧了民族传统食用植物及其民族植物学传统知识的流失.粮食危机是全世界一直以来面临的危机,而在发展中国家则更加严重,因此开展传统食用植物的民族植物学研究十分重要和迫切.纳西族是滇西北高原上的原著少数民族,在长期生活过程中积累了丰富的传统植物知识.研究采用民族植物学的原理和方法,于2012年对坐落于玉龙雪山山麓的文海纳西族村落开展了野外调查,共访谈信息报告人89人,其中关键信息报告人30人.具体采用了文献研究方法、参与式调查方法、关键人物访谈法和集体讨论法.结果表明:纳西族传统食用植物表现出物种数、采集时间、食用部位、食用类型、食用功能5个层面上的多样性.共记录到传统食用植物146种、45科、67属;与周边玉龙山植物相比,22％的科和7.4％的属至少有1种食用植物.采集时间可持续全年,春季采集的食用植物有20.44％,夏季有22.63％,秋季有48.18％,8.76％的食用植物还可在冬季采收.当地食用的植物部位有8种、食用类型有15种,66种食用植物有药用功能,可预防和治疗18种疾病.多样化的传统食用植物是纳西族抵抗食物短缺的物质基础,也蕴藏着丰富的资源.     

湖南苗族、侗族5项人类群体遗传学特征的调查

对湖南苗族、侗族共648例的5项人类群体遗传学特征(利眼、足趾长、起步类型、耳耵聍、指甲型)进行了调查。结果显示:1)两个民族的多数人属于右利眼、拇趾长于二趾、左起步、干型耵聍和长形指甲;2)两个民族的左利眼出现率和拇趾长于二趾的出现率高于国内多数人群;3)足趾长出现率存在明显的民族间差异;苗族利眼和方形指甲出现率均表现出明显的民族内性别差异;4)5项特征间的相关关系不明显。     

壮族幼儿Heath-Carter法体型研究

为探讨我国壮族幼儿的体型发育规律,本文应用Heath-Carter人体测量法对广西壮族自治区百色市439例(男228,女211)3-6岁的壮族幼儿进行了体型评定.结果:(1)壮族幼儿随着年龄的增长,内因子值和中因子值逐步下降,外因子值明显上升;(2)各年龄组体型均值均为中因子值＞内因子值＞外因子值,其中3-5岁男女各组均为偏内胚层的中胚层体型,男6-岁组为均衡的中胚层体型,女6-岁组为三胚中间型;(3)壮族幼儿各年龄组男女间SAD值为0.33-0.54,T为1.69-2.35,男女间的体型除3-岁组差异有显著性(P＜0.05)外,其余组差异无显著性(P＞0.05).结论:与汉族资料相比,各年龄组男女内、中、外因子值均为汉族高于壮族;壮族的体型分布比汉族分散.     

桂西壮族人群乙肝病毒基因型研究

To study the distribution characteristics of Hepatitis B virus (HBV) genotypes in groups of the Zhuang nationality of Baishe in Guangxi, the PCR sandwich hybridization-ELISA technique was used to determine the genotypes in 30 patinets of Zhuang nationality with hepatitis B. Geontype B, C, D and non A-F were found in this group, in which 56.6% of them were type D,46.6% type C,33.3% typeA-F, 20% type B, Most patients were found with types C D, D B or C B. It is suggested that there are genotypes D, C, B and non A-F in this area, and the major one was genotype D. There are mixture of genotypes C D, B C, D B in this region, so the HBV genotype might be associated with area and nationality.     

RYBP Inhibits Progression and Metastasis of Lung Cancer by Suppressing EGFR Signaling and Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition

Lung cancer (LC) is a common lethal malignancy with rapid progression and metastasis, and Ring1 and YY1 binding protein (RYBP) has been shown to suppress cell growth in human cancers. This study aimed to investigate the role of RYBP in LC progression and metastasis. In this study, a total of 149 LC patients were recruited, and the clinical stage of their tumors, metastasis status, survival time, presence of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutation, and RYBP expression levels were measured. RYBP silencing and overexpression were experimentally performed in LC cell lines and in nude mice, and the expressions of genes in EGFR-related signaling pathways and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) were detected. The results showed that RYBP was downregulated in LC compared with adjacent normal tissues, and low RYBP expression was associated with a more severe clinical stage, high mortality, high metastasis risk, and poor survival. Cell proliferation and xenograft growth were inhibited by RYBP overexpression, whereas proliferation and xenograft growth were accelerated by RYBP silencing. EGFR and phosphorylated-EGFR levels were upregulated when RYBP was silenced, whereas EGFR, p-EGFR, p-AKT, and p-ERK were downregulated when RYBP was overexpressed. Low RYBP expression was related to a high metastasis risk, and metastasized tumors showed low RYBP levels. Cell migration and invasion were promoted by silencing RYBP but were inhibited by overexpressed RYBP. In addition, the EMT marker vimentin showed diminished expression, and E-cadherin was promoted by the overexpression of RYBP. In conclusion, our data suggest that RYBP suppresses cell proliferation and LC progression by impeding the EGFR-ERK and EGFR-AKT signaling pathways and thereby inhibiting cell migration and invasion and LC metastasis through the suppression of EMT.     

广东瑶族青少年学生体表面积研究

研究瑶族青少年身高、体重及体表面积的生长发育状况, 为建立瑶族中小学生健康指标评价体系提供依据。采用Stevenson公式和胡咏梅公式计算每位学生的体表面积, 并求得7—18岁12个年龄组的男女学生的体表面积均数。结果显示: 瑶族青少年学生的身高、体重及体表面积随年龄增长而增长, 且其增长速度男女生均可分为匀速增长期、快速增长期、缓慢增长期3个不同时期; 男女生身高、体重及体表面积发育曲线均出现双交叉现象。两法统计的瑶族青少年的体表面积均随年龄增长而增长。胡咏梅法计算的体表面积大于Stevenson法(P<0.01)。     

New Species of Meconopsis (Papaveraceae) from Laojun Shan and Yao Shan,Northern Yunnan,China

Two new species, Meconopsis muscicola and M.yaoshanensis (Papaveraceae), are described and characterized. Differences separating them from similar species are discussed and photos showing their diagnostic features are provided.