全文获取类型
收费全文 | 2460篇 |
免费 | 177篇 |
国内免费 | 444篇 |
专业分类
3081篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 4篇 |
2023年 | 44篇 |
2022年 | 43篇 |
2021年 | 62篇 |
2020年 | 87篇 |
2019年 | 84篇 |
2018年 | 87篇 |
2017年 | 83篇 |
2016年 | 67篇 |
2015年 | 99篇 |
2014年 | 139篇 |
2013年 | 155篇 |
2012年 | 105篇 |
2011年 | 129篇 |
2010年 | 73篇 |
2009年 | 148篇 |
2008年 | 139篇 |
2007年 | 161篇 |
2006年 | 137篇 |
2005年 | 140篇 |
2004年 | 102篇 |
2003年 | 90篇 |
2002年 | 63篇 |
2001年 | 72篇 |
2000年 | 59篇 |
1999年 | 68篇 |
1998年 | 46篇 |
1997年 | 55篇 |
1996年 | 46篇 |
1995年 | 47篇 |
1994年 | 41篇 |
1993年 | 45篇 |
1992年 | 35篇 |
1991年 | 33篇 |
1990年 | 37篇 |
1989年 | 30篇 |
1988年 | 24篇 |
1987年 | 23篇 |
1986年 | 21篇 |
1985年 | 27篇 |
1984年 | 30篇 |
1983年 | 10篇 |
1982年 | 28篇 |
1981年 | 17篇 |
1980年 | 14篇 |
1979年 | 12篇 |
1978年 | 3篇 |
1977年 | 5篇 |
1976年 | 6篇 |
1972年 | 2篇 |
排序方式: 共有3081条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
101.
川西北泡沙参种群根系生长动态及其与环境因素关系研究 总被引:20,自引:2,他引:20
对川西北地区泡沙参种群根系生物量累积和形态发育过程及其与环境因素的关系进行了研究.结果表明,泡沙参种群根系生物量累积一般规律符合Logistic增长过程.较高的泡沙参根系生物量累积和形态发育时期可以持续到15~17年生以后,根系采收直径应在1.7cm以上.动物啃食、人为采挖、土壤、气候等环境条件与不同海拔各种群的根系生物量累积等有着密切联系,中海拔地区(2800~3300m)人为干扰少,土壤和水热条件适宜,根系生物量和形态发育达到较高水平,适合高产栽培.而低海拔和高海拔地区的不利环境条件限制了泡沙参根系生长.在进行野生资源保护利用以及人工栽培泡沙参时应充分考虑环境因素,努力减少放牧、采挖等人为破坏,有条件的地区应实行分区禁牧、禁采挖,为泡沙参种群恢复和药材品质提高创造条件. 相似文献
102.
103.
A.E. BassD. Philipp K.P. CoffeyJ.D. Caldwell R.T. RheinA.N. Young W.K. Coblentz 《Animal Feed Science and Technology》2012,171(1):43-51
Bermudagrass [Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers.] is commonly used for grazing and haying in the southern USA, but hay curing can be challenging due to frequent rainfall events during spring and early summer. An existing stand of ‘Greenfield’ bermudagrass was divided into 12 plots using a randomized complete block design with a 2×2 factorial treatment arrangement to evaluate the influence of a non-viable Lactobacillus-lactic acid preservative and moisture concentration at baling on chemical composition, intake by sheep, and in situ disappearance in cattle. At time of mowing, half of the plots in each block were either spray-treated (T) or not treated (U) with 81 mL/t forage dry matter (DM) of the preservative solution. Hay was then baled at target moisture concentrations of either 174 g/kg DM (L) or 267 g/kg DM (H). Maximum temperature and heating degree days were greater (P<0.05) from H compared with L during the 42-d storage period. An interaction between spray and moisture treatments tended (P<0.10) to affect recovery of DM; recoveries for LT (0.992) differed (P<0.10) from HT (0.913), but LU and HU were intermediate between the spray-treated hays, and did not differ from either (P>0.10). Post-storage nutritive value was largely influenced by moisture treatments only. Intake and digestibility, and in situ DM disappearance of these same hays were determined using 16 wether lambs (43 ± 3.7 kg initial BW), or six ruminally cannulated cows (617 ± 3.5 kg initial BW), respectively. Dry matter intake by sheep was not affected by either treatment factor (P>0.05), but DM digestibility and digestible DM intake were greater (P<0.05) from U compared with T. The in situ immediately soluble DM portion was greater from (P<0.05) L compared with H, but the reverse was true for the potentially degradable DM fraction. The lag time tended (P<0.10) to be greater from H compared with L. Treating bermudagrass with a non-viable Lactobacillus acidophilus-lactic acid spray product at time of baling may not offset the negative effects on forage quality and digestibility of baling bermudagrass hay at excessive moisture concentrations. 相似文献
104.
Victoria J. Vieira Rudy J. Valentine Kenneth R. Wilund Jeffrey A. Woods 《Cytokine》2009,46(3):339-345
Consumption of a high-fat diet (HFD) is associated with white adipose tissue (WAT) inflammation, which contributes to key components of the metabolic syndrome, including insulin resistance (IR) and hepatic steatosis (HS). To determine the differential effects of exercise training (EX), low-fat diet (LFD), and their combination on WAT inflammation, Balb/cByJ male mice (n = 34) were fed an HFD for 12 wks before they were randomized into one of four intervention groups: HFD-EX, LFD-EX, HFD-sedentary (SED), or LFD-SED. EX mice performed 12 wks of exercise training on a motorized treadmill (1 h/d, 5 d/wk, 12 m/min, 5% grade, 65% VO2 max), while SED mice remained sedentary in their home cages. WAT gene expression of adipokines was assessed using rt-PCR. IR was measured using HOMA-IR, and HS via hepatic triglyceride content. EX significantly reduced (53%) WAT gene expression of MCP-1, and LFD significantly reduced (50%) WAT gene expression of the macrophage specific marker, F4/80 as well as the adipocytokine IL-1ra (25%). EX independently improved IR, while both EX and LFD improved HS. These findings suggest that both diet and exercise have unique beneficial effects on WAT inflammatory markers and the mechanism by which each treatment improves metabolic complications associated with chronic consumption of an HFD may be different. 相似文献
105.
Composition and mean residence time of molecular weight fractions of organic matter extracted from two soils under different forest species 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Giacomo Certini Alberto Agnelli Giuseppe Corti Antonella Capperucci 《Biogeochemistry》2004,71(3):299-316
The organic matter extracted from various mineral horizons of two forest soils, one under silver fir (Abies alba Mill.), the other under European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.), was fractionated by dialysis into three fractions, 100–1000, 1000–8000, and >8000Da. On a C basis, in all horizons the recovered organic matter amounted to less than a half of the total and was mainly composed of molecules >8000Da. The 100–1000Da fraction had a principal elemental composition profoundly different from the other two fractions, which, instead differed from each other significantly only for the S content and the molar ratio of C with N. No significant difference in this regard was found between soils. The richness in O and some typical absorption bands in the FT-IR spectra indicated that the 100–1000Da fraction had a lot of carboxyl moieties. The spectroscopic (13C NMR) investigation showed that the 1000–8000 and >8000Da fractions had a prevalently aliphatic nature and signals attributable to polysaccharides (O-alkyl C) revealed overall a high presence of non-humic biopolymers. These latter were significantly more abundant, suggesting a lower degree of humification, in the >8000Da fraction than in the 1000–8000Da fraction. Comparing soils, that under beech appeared significantly richer in O-alkyl C than that under fir. The organics extracted from the A horizon of both soils had positive 14C values, indicating recent synthesis mainly due to the present forest cover. The mean residence time (MRT) of the combined 100–1000Da and 1000–8000Da fractions and the >8000Da fraction increased with depth, even to about 5000 years in the more than 1-m deep BC horizons under beech. In some cases, and especially in the soil under fir, despite higher values of 13C denoting stronger microbial decomposition, the 100–8000Da fraction showed a higher MRT than that of the >8000Da fraction, perhaps due to its ascertained lower content of non-humic biopolymers. 相似文献
106.
Theodoros Kevrekidis 《International Review of Hydrobiology》2005,90(1):100-121
Monthly samples of Streblospio shrubsolii were collected from February 1998 to February 1999 at both parts of Monolimni Lagoon (0.3 psu < Sal. < 6 psu). Streblospio shrubsolii displayed a life cycle of about one year. Reproductive activity occurred from February to October. The worms showed a mean of 14 or 16 gametogenic segments. Reproductive activity, growth and density increased during spring despite the low salinities (∼0.3 psu). Streblospio shrubsolii showed faster growth, larger body size during autumn–winter, more reproductive peaks, a relatively higher mean annual density, mean anual biomass (B) and annual production (P) at the innermost part of the lagoon, in organically richer very fine sand, than those at the outer part in fine sand. Mean annual density was 1,320 individuals m–2 at the outer part and 1,745 individuals m–2 at the innermost. Production calculated by Hynes' s method gave a B of 0.20 g DW m–2 y–1 and P of 0.45 g DW m–2 y–1 at the outer part; the respective values at the innermost part were 0.29 g DW m–2 y–1 and 0.61 g DW m–2 y–1. (© 2005 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim) 相似文献
107.
人类社会的日益扩张,导致人类加速占据地球表面景观,并胁迫地球上生态系统提供不断增长的资源需求和废物吸收能力。所以保护尚未“开放”的自然生态系统及恢复退化的生态系统成为人类长期生存的重要保证。该文着重讨论了恢复过程中的土壤生态学问题。土壤是所有陆地生态系统的结构与功能基础。土壤微生物与动物的种群变化,土壤有机质的积累,及主要元素地球化学循环的改变是恢复生态的重要环节。生态恢复与演替有许多共性,所以演替理论对于认识生态系统恢复中的结构与功能变化有着很大帮助。与自然演替不同的是,人的积极参与在生态恢复中占有中心位置。从最初样地的确立与物种的选择,到后续的灌溉与施肥管理,人的选择影响着土壤的演化,生态系统的发展方向,和最终恢复生态的结果。为保障恢复生态系统的可持续性,短期的工作目标,如提供养分促进植物生长,务必与长期的工作目标,如土壤的恢复相结合。植物与土壤的相互反馈是生态恢复成功的重要标志。成功的生态恢复不仅是对现有生态学理论的“试金检验”,也是推动生态学学科发展的重要原动力。 相似文献
108.
Biologic Rhythms in the Immune System 总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7
In all of its components, the immune system shows regularly recurring, rhythmic variations in numerous frequencies; the circadian (about 24h) rhythms are the best explored. The circadian variations in immunocompetent cells circulating in the peripheral blood are of a magnitude to require attention in medical diagnostics. Both the humoral arm and the delayed (cellular) arm of the immune system function in a rhythmic manner. The response of the immune system to introduction of an antigen and to challenge of the sensitized organism varies in extent in the circadian frequency range and also in lower frequencies, for example, of about a week (circaseptan) or seasonally (circannual). The medical application of the biologic rhythms of the immune system extends to diagnostic measures, as well as treatment. 相似文献
109.
Root and leaf attributes accounting for the performance of fast- and slow-growing grasses at different nutrient supply 总被引:17,自引:1,他引:17
Despite their difference in potential growth rate, the slow-growing Brachypodium pinnatum and the fast-growing Dactylis glomerata co-occur in many nutrient-poor calcareous grasslands. They are known to respond differently to increasing levels of N and
P. An experiment was designed to measure which characteristics are affected by nutrient supply and contribute to the ecological
performance of these species. Nutrient acquisition and root and shoot traits of these grasses were studied in a garden experiment
with nine nutrient treatments in a factorial design of 3 N and 3 P levels each.
D. glomerata was superior to B. pinnatum in nutrient acquisition and growth in all treatments. B. pinnatum was especially poor in P acquisition. Both species responded to increasing N supply and to a lesser extent to increasing
P supply by decreasing their root length and increasing their leaf area per total plant weight. D. glomerata showed a higher plasticity. In most treatments, the root length ratio (RLR) and the leaf area ratio (LAR) were higher for
D. glomerata. A factorization of these parameters into components expressing biomass allocation, form (root fineness or leaf thickness)
and density (dry matter content) shows that the low density of the biomass of D. glomerata was the main cause for the higher RLR and LAR. The biomass allocation to the roots showed a considerable plasticity but did
not differ between the species. B. pinnatum had the highest leaf weight ratio. Root fineness was highly plastic in D. glomerata, the difference with B. pinnatum being mainly due to the thick roots of D. glomerata at high nutrient supply. The leaf area/leaf fresh weight ratio did not show any plasticity and was slightly higher for B. pinnatum.
It is concluded, that the low density of the biomass of D. glomerata is the pivotal trait responsible for its faster growth at all nutrient levels. It enables simultaneously a good nutrient
acquisition capacity by the roots as well as a superior carbon acquisition by the leaves. The high biomass density of B. pinnatum will then result in a lower nutrient requirement due to a slower turnover, which in the long term is advantageous under nutrient-poor
conditions. 相似文献
110.
以中浙优1号为材料、秸秆不还田为对照,在大田试验条件下研究了不同秸秆还田量(4000、6000、8000 kg·hm-2)对水稻群体干物质积累、运转、植株固碳及产量形成的影响. 结果表明: 与对照相比,秸秆还田处理的水稻群体干物质积累总量平均增加63.03 g·m-2,以6000 kg·hm-2处理的干物质积累量最高,比对照增加154.40 g·m-2;在水稻各生育阶段中,秸秆还田处理对分蘖盛期—齐穗期干物质积累的影响最为明显,干物质积累量比对照平均增加71.25 g·m-2;与对照相比,秸秆还田处理的茎叶干物质输出率和表观转变率分别平均增加4.2%和3.7%,均以6000 kg·hm-2处理最高,分别为12.8%和11.1%.秸秆还田处理的群体植株固碳量比对照平均增加55.38 g·m-2,以6000 kg·hm-2处理的增幅最大,为17.8%;从固碳量在各器官中的分配来看,秸秆还田有利于生育前期茎叶固碳量的积累和生育后期固碳量向穗部的分配.秸秆还田处理的水稻产量比对照平均增加794.59 kg·hm-2,增幅9.5%,其中6000和4000 kg·hm-2处理的产量均显著提高,而8000 kg·hm-2处理的产量增加不显著;从产量构成因素来看,秸秆还田处理单位面积有效穗数的增加是增产的主要原因,平均增加8.4穗·m-2. 相似文献