吉林省寄螨亚科三新种(啤螨目:寄螨科)

本文记述寄螨亚科(Parasitinae)三新种。模式标本保存于吉林省地方病第一防治研究所。文内测量单位为微米,括号内为测量平均值。     

正常人及肝细胞癌患者肝脏及血浆中丙酮酸激酶同工酶免疫测定

 分别从人肝及鼠肝中高度纯化L型和M_1型丙酮酸激酶(Pyk),制备相应的免抗血清。从抗血清中纯化IgG并水解成F(ab')_2,进而还原成Fab',后者与辣根过氧物酶(HRP)交联成Fab'-HRP,再利用这两种复合物建立了各自的高灵敏夹心ELISA来免疫定量L及M_2型(与鼠M_1-Pyk有交叉免疫)Pyk,结果发现:正常人肝中95％的Pyk为L型,M_2-Pyk仅占5％,而肝细胞癌中L-Pyk降至正常肝的3.5％,M_2-Pyk却增至正常的14.6倍,以致M_2-Pyk占总量的95.5％。免疫组化研究进一步证实定量的结果,正常人肝L-Pyk染色呈强阳性。M_2-Pyk染色较弱,而肝细胞癌恰好相反,L-Pyk染色明显减退,而M_2-Pyk不仅癌组织染色很深,癌周组织也明显深于正常,而且愈近癌巢,染色愈深。测定血浆Pyk,发现正常人L-Pyk占89.9％,M-Pyk(以M_2计)仅占10.1％。肝细胞癌患者血浆L-Pyk略见降低,为正常值的79.6％,p值在0.02～0.05之间,但血浆M型Pyk明显升高至正常的4.59倍,占Pyk总量的39.6％,并证明主要来源于肝癌组织中的M_2,故M_2-Pyk有可能成为肝细胞癌诊断的新指标。     

Na~(+)、Ca~(2+)、Cu~(2+)和Zn~(2+)与HSA相互作用的~(23)(Na)-NMR研究

 本文应用~23Na-NMR波谱技术,研究了Na~(+)、Ca~(2+)、Cu~(2+)和Zn~(2+)与人体血清白蛋白(HSA)的相互作用。在实验基础上,通过引入两位快交换模型,拟合计算获得了Na~(+)与HSA相互作用的结合常数和处于结合状态Na~(+)的相关时间;实验表明Ca~(2+)能与Na~(+)竞争同HSA结合,拟合计算获得了两者与HSA相互作用结合常数的比值,棕榈酸钠能增强Ca~(2+)同Na~(+)竞争与HSA结合的能力;从实验上未能观察到Cu~(2+)、Zn~(2+)能同Na~(+)竞争与HSA相互作用的证据。     

Community composition and soil properties in northern Bolivian savanna vegetation

Abstract. Direct gradient analysis (Canonical Correspondence Analysis) of northern Bolivian savanna vegetation revealed correlations between the composition of plant communities and physical and chemical soil properties. Cover/abundance values for 193 species from 27 sites were related to data on eight soil factors. A water-regime variable and the percentage of sand and silt were correlated with the first axis of the species-environment biplot and explained most of the variation in community composition. Along this axis, species and sites of flood-plain vegetation were separated from sites not affected by flooding rivers. The second axis of the biplot was correlated with soil-chemical variables, namely extract-able phosphate, base saturation, organic carbon, pH, and effective cation exchange capacity. Part of the variation in community composition can be explained by these soil nutrient variables. Grassland communities were separated from woody vegetation along the soil nutrient gradient, and floodplain communities of white-water rivers from those of clear-water rivers. The results of the gradient analysis indicate that the soil texture-moisture gradient is the prime factor determining the variation in the floristic composition of the savanna communities examined, and that, in addition, the soil nutrient gradient accounts for some of the variation.     

A new species ofAphidius [Hymenoptera] attacking the pea aphid,Acyrthosiphon pisum

Aphidius staryi Chen & Luhman n. sp. is described. The species was collected and introduced into California from Israel and Turkey byD. González. The new species is morphologically most similar toAphidius smithi, and keys toEady's urticae group.     

Laboratory tests carried out onMicrothrix inconspicuella [Lep.: Pyralidae], a biological control agent forEmex australis in Australia

Host specificity tests of the moth,Microthrix inconspicuella Ragonot in Australia, indicated that larvae could feed and develop on young apple leaves. Additional tests in South Africa on leaves and fruit of the 4 apple varieties, Jonathan, Starking (Red Delicious), Granny Smith and Golden Delicious, showed that apples were not a preferred food. Little feeding occurred and pupation happened infrequently. No 2^nd generation resulted whenM. inconspicuella colonies were confined on apple fruit or leaves.      

放线菌结瘤植物根与根瘤中有机氮化物的组分及其上运形式

杨梅、沙棘和赤杨三种放线菌结瘤植物根瘤、根部有机氮化物的组分中,都含有占总有机氮化物50％以上的尿囊酸,说明在它们的根瘤中合成了大量的酰脲;同时,三种植物结瘤植株的茎木质部提取物中也含有大量的尿囊酸,表明根瘤将其合成的酰脲向植物地上部位运送。三种植物的根瘤还将其合成的特定的氨基酸及酰胺向地上部位转运,其中杨梅根瘤将固定的氮素以Asn和Gln的形式输出,而根部则以Arg的形式向上转运;沙棘根瘤以Ash,Gln及Ser,赤杨根瘤以Cit的形式合成并转运固定的氮素;后两种植物的无根瘤植株,以NH_4~+为氮源时,在转运的氨基酸组分中Arg的比例明显提高。     

中国春孢锈菌属增补

本文对我国春孢锈菌属(形式属)增补了以下9个种：1．腺梗菜春孢锈菌Aecidium adenocauli Syd． 寄主：腺梗菜Adenocaulon himalaicum Edgew (菊科Compositae) 2．臭椿春孢锈菌(新种) Aecidium ailanthi J．Y．Zhuang sp．nov．寄主：臭椿 Ailanthus altissima Swingle (苦木科Simaroubaceae)3.筋骨草春孢锈菌 Aecidium alugae Syd．寄主：紫背金盘 Ajuga nioponensis Makino (唇形科 Labiatae) 4．八角枫春孢锈菌 Aecidium alangii Hirats．＆ Yosh 寄主：长毛八角枫 Alangium kurzii Craib,瓜木A platanifoHum Harms (八角枫科 Alangiaeeae) 5．紫珠生春孢锈菌(新种) Aecidium callicarpivola J Y．Zhuang sp．nov.寄主：杜虹花 Callicarpa oedunculata R,Br．(马鞭草科Verbenaeeae) 6．吴茱萸春孢锈菌(新种) Aecidium evodiae J．Y．Zhuang sp．nov． 寄主：吴茱萸 Evodia rutaecarva (Juss．)Benth．(芸香科Rutaceae) 7．杨叶木姜子春孢锈菌(新种) Aecidium litseae-populifoliae J．Y．Zhuang sp．Nov．寄主：杨叶木姜子 Litsea povulifolia Gamble (樟科Lauraceae) 8．青海春孢锈菌(新种) Aecidium qinghaiense J Y．Zhuang sp．nov． 寄主：莴苣属一种Lactuca sp．(菊科Compo sitae) 9．合掌消春孢锈菌 Aecidium vincetoxici P．Henn．＆ Shirai 寄主：牛皮消 Cynanchum auriculatum Royle (萝藦科 Asclepiadaceae)     

腐霉属分类性状评价及其中国的种

本文对腐霉属Pythium Pringsheim的研究历史作了简单的回顾,对该属的分类性状和系统进行了论述和评价,最后对中国已发现的55种腐霉,以检索表的方式进行了分类、检索。