穴位注射速尿治疗肝硬化腹水的疗效观察

目的：观察穴位注射速尿治疗肝硬化腹水的临床效果,寻求治疗肝硬化腹水的理想的治疗方式。方法：取穴足三里、三阴交、肾俞注射速尿20-40mg。结果：疗效显著经。统计学处理P〈0．05据有显著差异。讨论：穴位注射速尿治疗肝硬化腹水,操作简单且用药剂量小,副作用小,安全性高疗效显著。     

Effect of Calcium on Electrical Energy Transfer by Microtubules

Microtubules (MTs) are important cytoskeletal superstructures implicated in neuronal morphology and function, which are involved in vesicle trafficking, neurite formation and differentiation and other morphological changes. The structural and functional properties of MTs depend on their high intrinsic charge density and functional regulation by the MT depolymerising properties of changes in Ca^2 + concentration. Recently, we reported on remarkable properties of isolated MTs, which behave as biomolecular transistors capable of amplifying electrical signals (Priel et al., Biophys J 90:4639–4643, 2006). Here, we demonstrate that MT-bathing (cytoplasmic) Ca^2 + concentrations modulate the electrodynamic properties of MTs. Electrical amplification by MTs was exponentially dependent on the Ca^2 + concentration between 10^− 7 and 10^− 2 M. However, the electrical connectivity (coupling) of MTs was optimal at a narrower window of Ca^2 + concentrations. We observed that while raising bathing Ca^2 + concentration increased electrical amplification by MTs, energy transfer was highest in the presence of ethylene glycol tetraacetic acid (lowest Ca^2 + concentration). Our data indicate that Ca^2 + is an important modulator of electrical amplification by MTs, supporting the hypothesis that this divalent cation, which adsorbs onto the polymer’s surface, plays an important role as a regulator of the electrical properties of MTs. The Ca^2 +-dependent ability of MTs to modulate and amplify electrical signals may provide a novel means of cell signaling, likely contributing to neuronal function.     

术后穴位贴敷联合加速康复外科理念对腹腔镜肝切除术患者康复效果、胃肠功能和生命质量的影响

摘要 目的：探讨术后穴位贴敷联合加速康复外科理念（ERAS）对腹腔镜肝切除术患者康复效果、胃肠功能和生命质量的影响。方法：根据双色球法,将2019年6月~2021年6月间在我院行腹腔镜肝切除术的104例肝癌患者分为对照组（应用ERAS治疗）和研究组（术后穴位贴敷联合ERAS治疗）,各为52例。对比两组术后康复效果、胃肠功能情况和生命质量。结果：研究组的住院时间短于对照组（P<0.05）。两组术后7 d谷草转氨酶（AST）、谷丙转氨酶（ALT）水平均升高,但研究组低于对照组（P<0.05）。研究组的排气时间、肠鸣音恢复时间、排便时间短于对照组（P<0.05）。研究组术后3 d、术后7 d 胃动素（MTL）水平高于对照组,胃泌素（GAS）水平低于对照组（P<0.05）。研究组术后1个月总体健康状况、功能领域评分高于对照组,单测项目、症状领域评分低于对照组（P<0.05）。结论：ERAS联合术后穴位贴敷用于腹腔镜肝切除术患者,可提高术后康复效果,促进患者胃肠道功能恢复,改善患者的生命质量。     

N-乙酰半胱氨酸对犬心房快速起搏电重构的影响

目的：探讨N-乙酰半胱氨酸（NAC）对犬心房快速起搏电重构的影响。方法：取16只犬,随机分为对照组和NAC干预组。NAC组按照15mg／kg／d剂量给予NAC口服6周时间。在犬右房置入电极,快速起搏右心房,诱发房颤并维持2小时。在起搏前后分别测定有效不应期（AERP）。结果：房颤后对照组AERP显著缩短,AERP频率适应性下降（P〈0．05）;而NAC组房颤前后AERP和AERP频率适应性均无明显变化。结论：在心房快速起搏致房颤2h的模型中,NAC对心房电重构具有明显的保护作用。     

Time course of stretching-induced changes in mechanomyogram and force characteristics

To evaluate the time-course of stretching-induced changes in mechanical properties of the muscle-tendon unit (MTU), 11 participants (age 22 ± 1 yr; body mass 77 ± 5 kg; stature 1.78 ± 0.05 m; mean ± SD) underwent tetanic electrical stimulations of the medial gastrocnemius muscle before and after (up to 2 h) stretching administration. During contractions, surface electromyogram (EMG), mechanomyogram (MMG) and force were recorded simultaneously. From MMG, peak-to-peak (p–p) and root mean square (RMS) were calculated during the on-phase and plateau phase of tetanic contraction, respectively. After stretching: (i) no differences were found in EMG parameters; (ii) MMG p–p and slope decreased (−16% and −10%, respectively; P < 0.05) and remained depressed for the entire recovery period; (iii) MMG RMS increased (+20%; P < 0.05), returning to pre-stretching values within 15 min; and (iv) peak force (pF), with its first (dF/dt) and second (d²F/dt²) derivative, decreased significantly by 32%, 35% and 54%, respectively, and remained depressed for the entire recovery period. The lack of MMG p–p and pF recovery could be ascribable to a reduced muscle force generating capacity due to persisting changes in viscoelastic characteristics of series elastic components. The early return of MMG RMS to pre-stretching values suggests that changes in viscoelastic parallel components recovered after few minutes.     

基于电阻抗扫描的乳腺组织阻抗频谱特性测量实验

为了研究乳腺组织电导率特性及肿瘤生长方式对电阻抗扫描(electrical impedance scanning,EIS)肿瘤成像特征的影响,作者对照分析了69例乳腺肿瘤患者的EIS成像、X线钼靶摄影及离体乳腺组织的阻抗频谱特性。实验得到了40例恶性肿瘤、34例良性肿瘤、49例腺体组织和41例脂肪组织的离体电阻率特性,其中腺体组织和良性肿瘤的电阻率数值最小,其次是癌组织,脂肪组织的电阻率数值最大。恶性肿瘤中EIS检查24例高亮表现,11例暗区表现,5例无表现;良性肿瘤EIS检查多数无特征表现。实验表明,癌组织与其周围正常组织的电导率有显著性差异。因恶性肿瘤浸润组织的不同,组织间的电导率差异会出现正向或负向变化,EIS检查表现出亮、暗不同的特征成像。良性肿瘤的电导率较好,但其与周围组织电导率差异无统计学意义,EIS检查无显著成像。     

穴位敷贴治疗变应性鼻炎疗效的Meta分析

目的:对比分析穴位敷贴与传统药物在变应性鼻炎治疗中的临床效果及实验室指标改善情况,系统评价穴位敷贴治疗变应性鼻炎的临床可行性,为临床实践与更深入的研究提供循证依据。方法:全面检索检索PubMed、Embase、Cochrane Library、CNKI、万方数据库,同时手工检索纳入文献的参考文献,由两名独立的评价员对符合纳入标准的研究进行资料提取,并采用偏倚风险表进行质量评价,对符合质量标准的RCTs应用Reman 5.2软件进行Meta分析。结果:12个RCTs共1736名患者纳入研究,其中治疗组(穴位敷贴治疗)970例,对照组(常规药物治疗)766例。Meta分析结果表明穴位敷贴治疗对比常规药物治疗变应性鼻炎治疗总有效率优势显著,差异具有统计学意义[OR=3.13,95%CI(2.40,4.07)];对文献的定性研究表明穴位敷贴治疗变应性鼻炎后鼻分泌物嗜酸性粒细胞、血清特异性IgE对比药物组有改善,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:穴位敷贴治疗变应性鼻炎患者总有效率高于传统药物治疗,但对于疾病的实验室指标的改善还需进一步验证。穴位敷贴可能是治疗变应性鼻炎的一种安全有效的方法,但受纳入研究的质量和数量限制,本研究结论尚需更多大样本、高质量的相关随机对照试验进行证实。今后还需进一步规范临床实施标准,深入机制研究,以期为敷贴治疗过敏性鼻炎提供科学理论依据,从而在世界范围内推广应用。     

Spectroscopic and electrical properties of the [W(C3Se5)3] anion complex (C3Se5 = 1,3-diselenole-2-selone-4,5-diselenolate) and the oxidized species

[NBuⁿ₄]₂[W(C₃Se₅)₃] (C₃Se₅²⁻ = 1,3-diselenole-2-selone-4,5- diselenolate(2−)) was prepared by the reaction of Na₂[C₃Se₅] with WCl₆ in ethanol, followed by addition of [NBuⁿ₄]Br. The cyclic voltammogram in dichloromethane exhibits two oxidation peaks at −0.04 and +0.03 V (versus SCE). The complex reacted with [Fe(C₅Me₅)₂][BF₄], iodine or [TTF]₃[BF₄]₂ (TTF^·+ = the tetrathiafulvalenium radical cation) in acetonitrile to afford the oxidized complexes [Fe(C₅Me₅)₂]_0.5[W(C₃Se₅)₃], [NBuⁿ₄]_0.1[W(C₃Se₅)₃] and [TTF]_0.5[W(C₃Se₅)₃], respectively. Current-controlled electrochemical oxidation of the complex in acetonitrile gave [NBuⁿ₄]_0.6[W(C₃Se₅)₃]. The oxidized complexes exhibit electrical conductivities of 4.7×10 ⁻⁵−1.5×10⁻³ S cm⁻¹ at room temperature measured for compacted pellets. Electronic absorption, IR and ESR spectra of these complexes are discussed.     

生物反应器工程

本文在外界周期刺激强化生物反应和细胞膜传质速率新理论指导下,根据生态学的思维方式,提出了生物反应器工程的新概念,阐明了它的发展过程,并提出了生物反应器工程研究的新方法。