道路交通事故致胫腓骨骨折的特点及救治

目的:总结交通事故伤中胫腓骨骨折的流行病学分类、特点及救治注意事项。方法:对136例交通事故伤中胫腓骨骨折患者的临床资料进行回顾性分析。结果:交通事故致胫腓骨骨折以多发伤及复合伤多见,经早期彻底清创、恰当的骨折固定、抗生素应用等,治愈77例,截肢2例,伤口浅表感染6例,骨髓炎1例。结论:交通事故伤中胫腓骨骨折大多伤情严重,感染率高,且开放性居多,早期及时选择合适的治疗方法是取得良好预后的关键。     

复杂胫骨平台骨折18例治疗方法探讨

目的探讨复杂胫骨平台骨折的治疗方法和临床疗效。方法自2006年1月至2008年6月,笔者对复杂胫骨平台骨折进行了手术治疗并获随访的病例共18例,所有病例术前均予X线、CT、MRI检查,并按Schatzker分型：IV型IO例,V型12例,VI型6例。结果平均随访8个半月,均获骨性愈合,无螺钉松动、断裂。根据Merchant标准综合评分：优12例,良4例,可2例。优良率83.3%。结论在良好复位,有效稳固的支撑固定下早期功能锻炼,不仅有利于骨折愈合,还对关节功能的最大恢复起着重要作用。     

A new large‐scale manufacturing platform for complex biopharmaceuticals

Complex biopharmaceuticals, such as recombinant blood coagulation factors, are addressing critical medical needs and represent a growing multibillion‐dollar market. For commercial manufacturing of such, sometimes inherently unstable, molecules it is important to minimize product residence time in non‐ideal milieu in order to obtain acceptable yields and consistently high product quality. Continuous perfusion cell culture allows minimization of residence time in the bioreactor, but also brings unique challenges in product recovery, which requires innovative solutions. In order to maximize yield, process efficiency, facility and equipment utilization, we have developed, scaled‐up and successfully implemented a new integrated manufacturing platform in commercial scale. This platform consists of a (semi‐)continuous cell separation process based on a disposable flow path and integrated with the upstream perfusion operation, followed by membrane chromatography on large‐scale adsorber capsules in rapid cycling mode. Implementation of the platform at commercial scale for a new product candidate led to a yield improvement of 40% compared to the conventional process technology, while product quality has been shown to be more consistently high. Over 1,000,000 L of cell culture harvest have been processed with 100% success rate to date, demonstrating the robustness of the new platform process in GMP manufacturing. While membrane chromatography is well established for polishing in flow‐through mode, this is its first commercial‐scale application for bind/elute chromatography in the biopharmaceutical industry and demonstrates its potential in particular for manufacturing of potent, low‐dose biopharmaceuticals. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2012; 109: 3049–3058. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.     

Short-term Administration of Water-soluble Silicon Improves Mineral Density of the Femur and Tibia in Ovariectomized Rats

Silicon is important for the proper growth and development of bone and connective tissues. This study was designed to investigate if water-soluble silicon could be used for the treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis. Silicon (Si 20 mg/kg body weight/day) was administrated orally to 17-week-old ovariectomized (OVX) rats for 4 weeks. Silicon did not alter weight gain in OVX rats. Silicon supplementation significantly increased the bone mineral density of the femur (p < 0.05, vs. OVX control group) and tibia in OVX rats (p < 0.05, vs. OVX control group). Serum alkaline phosphatase and osteocalcin, two bone formation biomarkers tested, were not significantly altered, but urinary calcium and phosphorous excretion tended to decrease with silicon supplementation. OVX rats with silicon supplementation showed a relatively higher serum CTx compared to the nonsupplemented OVX group (p < 0.01, vs. OVX control group). According to these results, short-term soluble silicon supplementation improved bone mineral density in OVX-induced osteoporosis.     

人源μ型阿片受体的cDNA克隆及转染CHO细胞的活性分析

μ型阿片受体是阿片类药物镇痛与成瘾的分子基础。从人脑组织总RNA通过RTPCR扩增获得μ型阿片受体的cDNA,将其克隆至pcDNA31(+)中,用酶切鉴定正确的重组质粒转染CHO细胞。筛选的单克隆细胞株,检测阳性的细胞克隆表达的μ型阿片受体介导胞内信号转导的能力。通过与激动剂和拮抗剂的信号转导分析证实,阳性的细胞克隆表达的μ型阿片受体与天然的μ型阿片受体具有基本一致的生物学特性,因此可以用来作为高效镇痛低成瘾药物筛选平台的候选细胞株。     

Facies variability in Lower Liassic carbonate successions of the Western Dinarides (Croatia)

Summary In the Western Dinarides the Lower Liassic carbonates are underlain by Upper Triassic “Hauptdolomit”, whereas the first appearance of the foraminiferOrbitopsella praecursor (Gümbel) marks the beginning of the Middle Liassic. Their composition, observed at several localities in Western Croatia, shows a correlation of sedimentation events, which took place during Early Liassic on the Adriatic-Dinaridic carbonate platform. Facies variability is interpreted as result of autocyclic sedimentary processes on which the carbonate platform reacted by periodical oscillations of sea-bottom near the fair-weather wavebase. As a consequence, the Lower Liassic carbonate successions in the Dinarides is characterized by stacking of two main types of coarsening-upward parasequences: (1) the basal part of the Lower Liassic succession is represented by parasequences composed of mudstones or pelletal-bioclastic wackestones as their lower members, and peloidal-bioclastic wackestone/packstones to grain-stones as their upper members; and (2) the upper part of the Lower Liassic succession with parasequences consisting of mudstones or pelletal-bioclastic wackestones overlain by ooid grainstones. Judging from the composition of parasequences and thickness relations of their members, the first type is interpreted to comprise late transgressive system tract (ITST) and/or early highstand system tract (eHST), while the second type corresponds to a late highstand system tract (1HST) and/or early lowstand system tract (eLST) of a third-order sequence.     

扬子地台西南缘早石炭世早期有孔虫化石带

扬子地台西南缘是早石炭世有孔虫动物群主要发育地区之一。本文通过滇东沾益、黔南独山、桂北罗城、环江、桂林、阳朔及灵川等10条剖面系统研究,首次从泥盆系顶部至维宪统底部建立了Quasiendothyra带,Bisphaera带,Chernyshinella带,Nodochernyshinella带(进而又分为N.tumulosa亚带和S pinotournayellina亚带）,Tuberendothyra带,Spinoendothyra带(分为Paradainella亚带和Psudodainella亚带Dainella带,Globoendothyra带,Palaeopaastaffella带及Eoparastaffella带等10个带和4个亚带,对每个带（及亚带）进行了有孔虫动物群详细分析。本文阐述了以N.tumulosa为代表的节结状次生沉积物有孔虫类出现,是早石炭早期有孔虫演化的一个重要阶段。通过Spinotournayellina,原始的tuberendothyrid,进化的tuberendothyrid至Spinoendothyra的出现。结合其它节结状和无节结状有孔虫层序特征详细分析了Tn2b-Tn3a间隔的有孔虫类一次次更新、演替关系,本文描述Spinotournayellina,Palaeospinoendothyra,Pseudoinflatoendothyra及Pseudodainella等4个新属及它们的模式种,简述了这些分类单位宏演化关系。对沿袭了半个世纪的岩关阶涵义作了修正,正限即为石炭系底界,始于Bisphaera带底界,上限止于Eoparastaffella带底界,并扼要地阐述了与西欧狄南盆地,北美同期地层对比关系。     

基于无人机和决策树算法的榆树疏林草原植被类型划分和覆盖度生长季动态估计

植被覆盖度是评估生态环境质量与植被生长的重要指标,也是全球众多陆面过程模型和生态系统模型中表达植被动态的重要参数。卫星遥感和地面测量是估算植被覆盖度的常见方法。然而,如何精确估计榆树疏林草原上木本、草本不同类型植被的覆盖度仍然具有挑战性。无人机飞行系统有效的补充了区域尺度低空间分辨率的卫星遥感影像与样地尺度实地调查之间的缺口,为精确的监测、评估疏林草原的植被动态提供了新途径。利用无人机监测平台和决策树算法构建了一套快速、准确、自动获取景观尺度植被类型和估算植被覆盖度的自动化工具,以浑善达克沙地榆树疏林草原为对象,应用无人机监测平台对榆树疏林草原长期定位监测大样地2017年生长季植被状况进行7次监测。结果表明:1)无人机植被监测平台数据飞行高度100 m,获取的样地数字正射影像空间分辨率为2.67 cm/像元,远高于高分卫星影像,利用决策树算法基于数字正射影像可以实现自动划分榆树疏林草原木本和草本植被类型和估算植被覆盖度; 2)生长季内榆树疏林草原木本植被覆盖度为(19±2)%,草本植被覆盖度为(50±8)%,植被总覆盖度为(69±9)%,相对于木本植被,草本植被生长季内盖度变幅较大; 3)在整个生长季中,木本植被和草本植被对植被总覆盖度的平均贡献率分别为27%和73%,草本植被对植被总盖度的贡献远大于木本植被,榆树疏林草原植被的盖度主要受草本植被的影响。本研究证明无人机监测平台是一种高效、准确的植被监测工具,结合机器学习算法,实现了景观尺度植被类型的自动划分和不同类型植被覆盖度快速获取;在浑善达克沙地榆树疏林草原地区首次获取了木本植被和草本植被覆盖度的生长季动态。该平台未来可应用于各种类型生态系统植被类型划分、监测和评估。     

智慧医院建设中信息平台的构建与应用研究

提升医院的信息化程度是智慧医院建设的重要内容。构建合理有效的信息平台是提升医疗服务质量和医院管理效率的重要途径。通过对当前智慧医院建设实践的分析,阐释了三种主要医院信息平台的功能与特点,分析了医院信息平台的一般架构与模式,提供了未来智慧医院信息平台的建设路径并提出了相关的发展建议。