彩色多普勒超声测量椎动脉血流量对后循环缺血的诊断价值

目的：探讨彩色多普勒超声技术测量椎动脉血流量对后循环缺血（PCI）的诊断价值。方法：选取2012年1月至2013年1月在本院神经内科住院并接受治疗的PCI患者58例作为观察组,另选取同期住院并确诊为非后循环缺血症的患者50例作为对照组。所有患者均接受颈部血管超声检查,测量椎动脉内径及血流量,观察组患者需行头颅CTA检查,比较两组患者的椎动脉内径、血流量及颈动脉硬化斑块发生率等。结果：观察组患者的椎动脉内径及血流量明显低于对照组,两组比较差异有统计学意义（P〈0．01）;观察组颈动脉硬化斑块的发生率为77．5％（44例）,对照组颈动脉硬化斑块的发生率为42％（21例）,两组比较差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。无狭窄、轻度狭窄、重度狭窄及闭塞的椎动脉血流量的变化（此处所指的血流量是指小于200mL/min那部分患者）有明显差异（P〈0．05）。结论：与头颅CTA对比检查,彩色多普勒具有直接、准确、方便及可重复性等优点,可有效的诊断后循环缺血症状。     

支气管动脉灌注化疗与栓塞治疗中晚期肺癌的疗效观察

目的：对比分析支气管动脉灌注化疗与支气管动脉灌注化疗十栓塞术治疗中晚期肺癌的临床疗效。方法：将我院2011年1月-2013年1月期间收治的76例中晚期肺癌患者随机分为两组,即观察组38例,对照组38例。观察组患者行支气管动脉灌注化疗联合栓塞术治疗,对照组患者行单纯支气管动脉灌注化疗治疗。分别对两组患者治疗后的临床治疗效果进行评价,同时观察两组患者治疗后的不良反应及并发症的发生情况。结果：观察组患者临床治疗的总有效率为84．21％,对照组为64．78％．两组比较,差异具有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。两组患者治疗后,观察组患者总不良反应率为23．67％,对照组为21．04％,两组比较．差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。且经对症处理后,均得到有效改善。结论：支气管动脉灌注化疗联合栓塞术治疗中晚期肺癌的,临床疗效明显优于单纯支气管动脉灌注化疗,且无明显不良反应及并发症的发生,安全性好,值得临床推广与应用。     

两种途径介入治疗急性心肌梗塞疗效分析

目的：探讨对急性心梗患者行不同途径急诊经皮冠状动脉治疗（PCi）的临床疗效及预后。方法：选取我院自2011年1月至2012年12月收治的75例sT段抬高的急性心肌梗死患者作为研究对象进行回顾性调查,对比分析经桡动脉PCI（TRA—Pet）和经股动脉PCI（TFA—PCI）两组治疗疗效及出现并发症情况,包括比较两组穿刺成功率,手术时间,术中出血及术后局部及其他并发症等方面,并作统计分析,取P〈0．05为有统计学意义。结果：两组穿刺成功率及PCI手术成功率差异无统计学意义,P〉0．05。在手术操作时间上,TFA—PCI组明显长于TRA—PCI组,差异有统计学意义,P〈0．05。TFA．PCI组局部并发症发生率为11．8％．远期并发症为2．9％。TRA-PCI组局部并发症发生率为2．4％,远期并发症为7．3％,两组差别显著,P〈0．05。结论：TRA—PCI和TFA—PCI在手术时间及术后并发症上有差异,TRA—PCI术中花时间较少,术后局部并发症要轻,值得在临床上推广,但是由于有远期并发症的危险,故术后应加强肝肾功能等的监测。     

剖宫产术后切口妊娠介入治疗与保守治疗效果的临床研究

目的:研究子宫动脉介入化疗栓塞术在临床上对剖宫产切口妊娠的治疗效果.方法:回顾性分析我院2007年1月至2012年12月的收治的切口妊娠患者53例.并将53例患者随机分为介入治疗组28例、保守治疗组25例,介入治疗组患者采用双侧子宫动脉栓塞术后进行刮宫术的治疗,保守治疗组患者采用口服米非司酮以及肌内注射MTX后进行刮宫术的治疗.对两组患者的临床资料包括出血量,住院时间,降血HCG时间等进行统计学分析.结果:介入治疗组患者的出血量,住院时间,降血HCG时间明显低于保守治疗组患者的情况,差异具有显著性(P＜0.05).介入治疗组和保守治疗组间的不良反应差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).结论:对患者采用子宫动脉介入对剖宫产切口妊娠进行治疗的方式,可以对切口妊娠大出血进行有效的控制,同时也可以对妊娠物进行有效的杀死.     

Association of genetic polymorphisms in ADH and ALDH2 with risk of coronary artery disease and myocardial infarction: A meta-analysis

Alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) and aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) are the major enzymes responsible for alcohol metabolism in humans. Emerging evidences have shown that functional polymorphisms in ADH and ALDH genes might play a critical role in increasing coronary artery disease (CAD) and myocardial infarction (MI) risks; however, individually published studies showed inconclusive results. The aim of this meta-analysis is to evaluate the associations between the genetic polymorphisms of ADH and ALDH genes with susceptibility to CAD and MI. A literature search was conducted on PubMed, Embase, Web of Science and Chinese BioMedical databases from inception through December 1st, 2012. Crude relative risks (RRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated. Twelve case–control studies were included with a total of 9616 subjects, including 2053 CAD patients, 1436 MI patients, and 6127 healthy controls. Meta-analysis showed that mutant genotypes (GA + AA) of the rs671 polymorphism in the ALDH2 gene were associated with increased risk of both CAD and MI (CAD: RR = 1.20, 95%CI: 1.03–1.40, P = 0.021; MI: RR = 1.32, 95%CI: 1.11–1.57, P = 0.002). However, there were no significant associations of ADH genetic polymorphisms to CAD and MI risks (CAD: RR = 0.92, 95%CI: 0.73–1.15, P = 0.445; MI: RR = 0.93, 95%CI: 0.84–1.03, P = 0.148). In conclusion, this meta-analysis provides strong evidence that ALDH2 rs671 polymorphism may be associated with increased risks of CAD and MI. However, further studies are still needed to accurately determine whether ADH genetic polymorphisms are associated with susceptibility to CAD and MI.     

Single nucleotide polymorphism of CD40 in the 5′-untranslated region is associated with ischemic stroke

Objectives

Ischemic stroke is influenced by both environmental and genetic factors. The CD40/CD40L system is related to proinflammatory and prothrombogenic responses, which are involved in the pathophysiology of ischemic stroke. The aim of this study was to evaluate association between the CD40 -1C/T single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) and ischemic stroke in a Chinese population.

Methods

We conducted a case–control study including 286 ischemic stroke patients and 336 controls. CD40 -1C/T SNP was genotyped using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) and DNA sequencing methods, and evaluated its relevance to ischemic stroke susceptibility.

Results

Significantly increased ischemic stroke risk was found to be associated with the T allele of CD40 -1C/T (OR = 1.273, 95% CI = 1.016–1.594). The frequencies of CT and TT/CT genotypes of CD40 -1C/T in ischemic stroke patients were significantly higher than those of controls, respectively (for CT: OR = 2.350, 95% CI = 1.601–3.449; for TT/CT: OR = 2.148, 95% CI = 1.479–3.119). And, similar results were obtained after adjusting non-matched variables. We found that the frequency of carried T genotypes (TT and TT/CT) was significantly increased in patients with history of stroke compared with patients without (for TT: OR = 6.538, 95%CI = 1.655–25.833; for TT/CT: OR = 3.469, 95%CI = 1.031–11.670), respectively.

Conclusions

The findings suggested that the CD40 -1C/T polymorphism might contribute to the susceptibility to ischemic stroke in the Chinese population, and might be associated with history of previous stroke.     

Common variant in FUT2 gene is associated with levels of vitamin B12 in Indian population

Vitamin B₁₂ is an essential micronutrient synthesized by microorganisms. Mammals including humans have evolved ways for transport and absorption of this vitamin. Deficiency of vitamin B₁₂ (either due to low intake or polymorphism in genes involved in absorption and intracellular transport of this vitamin) has been associated with various complex diseases. Genome-wide association studies have recently identified several common single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in fucosyl transferase 2 gene (FUT2) to be associated with levels of vitamin B₁₂—the strongest association was with a non-synonymous SNP rs602662 in this gene. In the present study, we attempted to replicate the association of this SNP (rs602662) in an Indian population since a significant proportion has been reported to have low levels of vitamin B₁₂ in this population. A total of 1146 individuals were genotyped for this SNP using a single base extension method and association with levels of vitamin B₁₂ was assessed in these individuals. Regression analysis was performed to analyze the association considering various confounding factors like for age, sex, diet, hypertension, diabetes mellitus and coronary artery disease status. We found that the SNP rs602662 was significantly associated with the levels of vitamin B₁₂ (p value < 0.0001). We also found that individuals adhering to a vegetarian diet with GG (homozygous major genotype) have significantly lower levels of vitamin B₁₂ in these individuals. Thus, our study reveals that vegetarian diet along with polymorphism in the FUT2 gene may contribute significantly to the high prevalence of vitamin B₁₂ deficiency in India.