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991.
G. Vertuani M. Boggian A. Breveglieri G. Cavicchioni S. Spisani A. Scatturin 《Amino acids》1995,9(4):375-383
Summary In order to investigate the proper peptide backbone conformation able to elicit a biological activity, HCO-Met-Pro-Phe-OMe, HCO-Met-[COO]Leu-Phe-OMe, and HCO-Met-OLeu-Phe-OMe, analogues of the prototypical chemotactic peptide HCO-Met-Leu-Phe-OMe, were studied by CD and IR techniques. The results obtained comparing biological and conformational data evidence the critical presence of (i) the NH group at position 2, (ii) a rather flexible backbone, (iii) the chemical structure of the central residue which can affect the stability of a possible active conformer. 相似文献
992.
993.
-Mannanase produced by Bacillus sp. W-2, isolated from decayed commercial konjak cake, was purified from the culture supernatant by (NH4)2 SO4 precipitation, adsorption to konjak gel, and column chromatography with DEAE-cellulose, Sephadex G-100 and Sephacryl S-200. Its molecular size was estimated by SDS-PAGE as 40 kDa, and by gel filtration as 36 kDa. The enzyme was most active at pH 7 and 70°C and was stable for at least 1 h between pH 5 and 10 and below 60°C. Its activity was completely inhibited by Hg2+. The enzyme hydrolysed galactomannan better than glucomannan and mainly produced mannose and mannobiose.The authors are with the Department of Bioproductive Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Utsunomiya University. Utsunomiya, Tochigi 321, Japan 相似文献
994.
Covalent control of 6-phosphofructo-2-kinase/fructose-2,6-bisphosphatase: insights into autoregulation of a bifunctional enzyme. 下载免费PDF全文
I. J. Kurland S. J. Pilkis 《Protein science : a publication of the Protein Society》1995,4(6):1023-1037
The hepatic bifunctional enzyme, 6-phosphofructo-2-kinase/fructose-2,6-bisphosphatase (6PF-2-K/Fru-2,6-P2ase), E.C. 2.7-1-105/E.C. 3-1-3-46, is one member of a family of unique bifunctional proteins that catalyze the synthesis and degradation of the regulatory metabolite fructose-2,6-bisphosphate (Fru-2,6-P2). Fru-2,6-P2 is a potent activator of the glycolytic enzyme 6-phosphofructo-1-kinase and an inhibitor of the gluconeogenic enzyme fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase, and provides a switching mechanism between these two opposing pathways of hepatic carbohydrate metabolism. The activities of the hepatic 6PF-2-K/Fru-2,6-P2ase isoform are reciprocally regulated by a cyclic AMP-dependent protein kinase (cAPK)-catalyzed phosphorylation at a single NH2-terminal residue, Ser-32. Phosphorylation at Ser-32 inhibits the kinase and activates the bisphosphatase, in part through an electrostatic mechanism. Substitution of Asp for Ser-32 mimics the effects of cAPK-catalyzed phosphorylation. In the dephosphorylated homodimer, the NH2- and COOH-terminal tail regions also have an interaction with their respective active sites on the same subunit to produce an autoregulatory inhibition of the bisphosphatase and activation of the kinase. In support of this hypothesis, deletion of either the NH2- or COOH-terminal tail region, or both regions, leads to a disruption of these interactions with a maximal activation of the bisphosphatase. Inhibition of the kinase is observed with the NH2-truncated forms, in which there is also a diminution of cAPK phosphorylation to decrease the Km for Fru-6-P. Phosphorylation of the bifunctional enzyme by cAPK disrupts these autoregulatory interactions, resulting in inhibition of the kinase and activation of the bisphosphatase. Therefore, effects of cyclic AMP-dependent phosphorylation are mediated by a combination of electrostatic and autoregulatory control mechanisms. 相似文献
995.
In higher plants, the root-shoot axis established during embryogenesis is extended and modified by the development of primary and lateral apical meristems. While the structure of several shoot apical meristems has been deduced by combining histological studies with clonal analysis, the application of this approach to root apical meristems has been limited by a lack of visible genetic markers. We have tested the feasibility of using a synthetic gene consisting of the maize transposable elementActivator (Ac) inserted between a 35S CaMV promoter and the coding region of a -glucuronidase (GUS) reporter gene as a means of marking cell lineages in roots. The GUS gene was activated in individual cells byAc excision, and the resulting sectors of GUS-expressing cells were detected with the histochemical stain X-Gluc. Sectors in lateral roots originated from bothAc excision in meristematic cells and from parent root sectors that bisect the founder cell population for the lateral root initial. Analysis of root tip sectors confirmed that the root cap, and root proper have separate initials. Large sectors in the body of the lateral root encompassed both cortex and vascular tissues. The number of primary initial cells predicted from the size and arrangement of the sectors observed ranged from two to four and appeared to vary between roots. We conclude that transposon-based clonal analysis using GUS expression as a genetic marker is an effective approach for deducing the functional organization of root apical meristems. 相似文献
996.
997.
998.
Malcolm N. Jones Philip Manley Angela Holt 《International journal of biological macromolecules》1984,6(2):65-68
The binding of sodium n-dodecyl sulphate to lysozyme has been measured by equilibrium dialysis at 25°C and pH 3.2 over a range of ionic strengts from 0.0119 to 0.2119. Binding isotherms in the region corresponding to ionic binding between the surfactant anions and cationic amino acid residues on the protein have been interpreted in terms of the Hill equation and exhibit positive cooperativity with Hill coefficients in the region of 7–11. The Gibbs energies of binding have been calculated from the Hill binding constants and from the Wyman binding potentials. The stability of the surfactant-protein complexes is discussed in relation to the stability of surfactant micelles. Ionic binding of the surfactant is weakened and hydrophobic binding strengthened by increasing ionic strength. 相似文献
999.
Christenson RK 《Theriogenology》1984,22(3):313-320
One hundred forty-four Yorkshire (Y) x Landrace (L) and Chester White (CW) x Large White (LW) reciprocal cross gilts (Trial I) and 147 CW:LW x Y:L reciprocal cross gilts (Trial II), 4.5 to 5 months old, were penned in groups of 3, 9, 17 or 27 (1.1 m(2)/gilt). Estrus was checked daily from seven to nine months of age. Reproductive tracts of all noncyclic gilts were examined at nine months of age. Between seven and nine months of age, 12% to 16% fewer (P<0.05) gilts in pens of three had regular estrous cycles, and the percentage of gilts with regular estrous cycles did not differ with more (9, 17 or 27) gilts/pen. At nine months of age, 56.9% of the gilts penned in groups of three were cyclic as compared to 78%, 80.4% and 80.7% of the gilts penned in groups of 9, 17 and 27, respectively. In Trial I, more (P<0.05) CW x LW reciprocal cross gilts were cyclic compared to Y x L reciprocal cross gilts at nine months of age. The CW x LW group had fewer behaviorally anestrous gilts and more cyclic gilts, regardless of the number of gilts/pen. The social cues involved in the process of sexual development of gilts remain undefined, but extremes in the number of gilts/pen should be avoided. 相似文献
1000.
P. Wolswinkel 《Plant Growth Regulation》1984,2(4):309-317
Sink regions play a central role in determining assimilate distribution patterns. Two factors are discussed which have a strong effect on the sink strength of a sink, viz. phloem unloading and turgor-sensitive transport. Sink strength may be defined as the capacity of phloem in the sink region to import assimilates from other parts of the plants and to release the imported substances into the sink apoplast.A stem parasitized by Cuscuta represents a very strong sink. A review is presented of data on enhanced phloem unloading, at the site of attachment of Custuta. Recent data on metabolically controlled sucrose and amino acid unloading into the seed coat apoplast of developing legume seeds show a remarkable parallel with phloem unloading in a parasitized Vicia faba stem. Data on turgor-sensitive sucrose and amino acid transport into developing seeds are presented, which throw new light on the pressure flow theory of phloem transport. 相似文献