盐酸右旋美托咪定对脑膜瘤切除术患者围拔管期应激反应的影响

目的：观察不同剂量的盐酸右旋美托咪定对脑膜瘤切除术患者全麻围拔管期应激反应的影响。方法：60 例ASAI～Ⅱ级,年 龄25-65 岁脑膜瘤切除术患者,随机分为四组,NS、D1、D2 和D3 组,NS 组:静脉泵入等量的生理盐水,D1、D2 和D3组静脉泵注 负荷量均为0.6 滋g/kg 的盐酸右旋美托咪定,各组泵注时间均为10 分钟,输注结束后随之给予维持量,D1组：盐酸右旋美托咪定 维持量0.2 滋g·kg-1·hr-1;D2 组：盐酸右旋美托咪定维持量0.4 滋g·kg-1·hr-1;D3组：盐酸右旋美托咪定维持量0.6 滋g·kg-1·hr-1。观察 并记录拔管时的耐管评分、呛咳程度、警觉/ 镇静评分(OAA/S）、拔管时间及拔管即刻和拔管后3 min 的平均动脉压(MAP)、心率 (HR)及恶心、寒战等不良反应。结果：D3 组患者耐管评分高于D1 组、D2 组和NS 组,呛咳程度轻于D1 组、D2 组和NS 组（P<0. 05）;D2、D3 组患者拔管即刻和拔管后3 min 的MDP、HR 均明显低于D1 组（P<0.05）;D1、D2 和D3 组不良反应少于NS 组;四组 拔管时间无明显差异。结论：盐酸右旋美托咪定降低脑膜瘤切除术患者全麻围拔管期的应激反应,增强患者对气管导管的耐受 性。     

肾康注射液对链脲佐菌素诱导的大鼠DN的作用研究

目的:研究肾康注射液(SKI)对糖尿病肾病(DN)的作用。方法:采用大鼠腹腔注射链脲佐菌素65 mg/kg体重建立DN大鼠模型,SKI高、中、低分别腹腔注射SKI 10 m L/kg,5 m L/kg,2.5 m L/kg,2次/天;正常组和模型组分别给予生理盐水5 m L/kg,2次/天;8周后,观察、测量相应生化和病理等指标。结果:SKI可明显增强DN大鼠肾脏对血肌酐和血尿素氮的清除率,显著降低血液中总胆固醇、甘油三脂和低密度脂蛋白的含量和升高血液中高密度脂蛋白含量,显著升高血清中T-SOD和CAT的活力,降低血清中NO及MDA含量和降低血清中NOS的活力,显著改善糖尿病引起的肾组织损伤。结论:SKI对治疗DN的治疗作用是肯定的其主要表现在改善血脂代谢紊乱,增强机体抗氧化应激能力及增强肾脏对肌酐和尿素氮的清除能力进而改善肾脏损伤。     

康莱特注射液联合化疗治疗晚期非小细胞肺癌的临床疗效

目的:探讨康莱特注射液联合化疗治疗晚期非小细胞肺癌患者的临床疗效。方法:选择我院60例晚期非小细胞肺癌患者,按随机数字表法平均分为两组各30例,两组患者均给予NP化疗方案治疗,研究组患者在此基础上联合康莱特注射液治疗。比较两组患者近期治疗疗效、生活质量Karnofsky评分、1年生存率、中位生存时间、平均生存时间以及毒副反应发生情况。结果:研究组患者近期治疗有效率为53.3%,明显高于对照组33.3%,比较差异具有统计学意义(X2=4.12,P0.05);研究组患者治疗后生活质量Karnofsky评分好转率为66.7%,明显高于对照组36.7%,比较差异具有统计学意义(X2=5.41,P0.05);研究组患者经治疗后1年生存率、中位生存时间和平均生存时间分别为60.0%、15.0个月和(11.0±5.1)个月,均明显高于对照组30.0%、9.0个月和(5.9±4.8)个月,两组比较差异具有统计学意义(X2=5.45,t=5.24,6.12,P0.05);研究组患者治疗过程毒副反应恶心呕吐及白细胞下降发生率均明显低于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(X2=4.27,5.08,P0.05)。结论:康莱特注射液联合化疗治疗晚期非小细胞肺癌患者的临床疗效显著,可明显改善患者生活质量,降低毒副反应发生率,值得临床推广应用。     

实时荧光定量PCR 法用于重组SIV-hPEDF注射液病毒颗粒数的检测

目的:建立重组SIV-h PEDF注射液病毒颗粒数检测实时定量PCR检测方法。方法:在提取重组SIV-h PEDF注射液供试品基因组RNA后,采用实时定量PCR的方法,检测供试品中的病毒颗粒数。结果:经过3次实验,所得SIV-h PEDF RNA标准品标准曲线均线性良好,重组SIV-h PEDF注射液供试品中病毒颗粒数检测结果无显著性差异。结论:所建立的重组SIV-h PEDF注射液病毒颗粒数实时荧光定量PCR检测方法重复性好、灵敏、准确,可用于重组SIV-h PEDF注射液病毒颗粒数的检测。     

东菱迪芙治疗急性脑梗死的效果观察

目的探讨东菱迪芙治疗急性脑梗死的临床疗效及安全性。方法随机将收治的80例急性脑梗死患者分为治疗组40例,对照组40例。两组均给予抗血小板聚集、钙拮抗剂等基础治疗,并将血塞通0．25g加入生理盐水或5％葡萄糖液250ml中静脉点滴,连用14天。在此基础上,治疗组于治疗第1、3、5日给予东菱迪芙10u、5u、5u加入生理盐水250ml中静滴,每次滴注时间不少于1h。观察两组疗效、治疗前后神经功能缺损评分及治疗前后血浆FIB水平。结果治疗组显效率（75．00％）明显优于对照组（47．50％）,χ2=6．37,P〈0．05;神经功能缺损评分明显低于对照组（P〈0．05或0．01）;治疗组FIB由治疗前（3.98±0．86）g／L降至（1．84±0．42）g／L,治疗前后比较有显著性差异（P〈0．01）。结论东菱迪芙通过降低血浆FIB,增强纤溶活性,降低血粘度,改善脑循环等综合作用,对治疗急性脑梗死疗效显著、安全性好,值得推广应用。     

Larval RNAi in <Emphasis Type="Italic">Tribolium</Emphasis> (Coleoptera) for analyzing adult development

We report here on the use of RNA interference (RNAi) to create pupal and adult loss-of-function phenotypes in the red flour beetle, Tribolium castaneum, by injection of double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) into late instar larvae (we refer to this method as larval RNAi). RNAi is well-established as a useful method to mimic loss-of-function phenotypes in many organisms including insects. However, with a few exceptions (such as in the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster), RNAi analysis has usually been limited to studies of embryogenesis. Here we demonstrate that injection of green fluorescent protein (GFP) dsRNA into the larval body cavity can inhibit GFP expression beginning shortly after injection and continuing through pupal and adult stages. RNAi analysis of the Tc-achaete-scute-homolog (Tc-ASH) revealed that larval RNAi can induce morphological defects in adult beetles, and also that larval RNAi affects the entire body rather than being localized near the site of injection. The larval RNAi technique will be useful to analyze gene functions in post-embryonic development, giving us the opportunity to study the molecular basis of adult morphological diversity in various organisms.Edited by D. Tautz     

丹红注射液辅助西药对脑血栓患者氧化应激及血管内皮功能的影响

摘要 目的：研究丹红注射液辅助西药对脑血栓患者氧化应激及血管内皮功能的影响。方法：选择2018年1月～2019年12月于我院诊治的90例脑血栓患者,根据治疗方法将其分为两组。对照组西药治疗,给予前列地尔注射液、依达拉奉注射液和阿司匹林肠溶片;观察组在对照组治疗基础上,联用丹红注射液,两组均治疗14 d。比较两组的髓过氧化物酶（Myeloperoxidase, MPO）、超氧化歧化酶（Superoxide dismutase, SOD）、脂质过氧化物（Lipid peroxide, LPO）、丙二醛（Malondialdehyde, MDA）、D 二聚体(D-Dimer, DD）及超敏C反应蛋白(High-sensitivity C-reactive protein, hs- CRP ）水平,一氧化氮（Nitric oxide,NO）和内皮素-1（endothelin-1,ET-1）水平及认知功能评分。结果：观察组脑血栓患者的有效率明显高于对照组(P<0.05）;治疗后,两组血清SOD、NO水平均明显升高(P<0.05）,MPO、MDA、LPO、D-D、hs- CRP和ET-1水平均明显降低(P<0.05）,且观察组上述指标的变化水平明显优于对照组(P<0.05）;治疗后,两组的NIHSS评分明显降低(P<0.05）,且观察组更低(P<0.05）。结论：丹红注射液辅助西药能改善脑血栓的神经功能和血管内皮功能,提高疗效,减轻患者的神经功能缺损程度,其作用机制可能与抗自由基、减轻炎症反应和抑制脂质过氧化反应等有关。     

痰热清注射液联合头孢他啶对心力衰竭合并肺部感染患者的疗效探讨

摘要 目的：研究痰热清注射液联合头孢他啶对心力衰竭合并肺部感染患者的疗效。方法：选择2019年1月～2019年12月我院收治的81例心力衰竭合并肺部感染患者,随机奇偶法分为两组。均给予抗感染、抗心律失常、吸氧、利尿、扩血管、平喘和强心等治疗。对照组静脉滴注头孢他啶,每天两次,每次2.0 g;观察组在头孢他啶的基础上加用痰热清注射液,每天静脉滴注1次,每次20 mL。检测两组的血清C 反应蛋白（C-reactive protein,CRP）、白细胞介素 -1β（interleukin-1β,IL-1β）、降钙素原（procalcitonin,PCT）和白细胞介素 -8（interleukin-8,IL-8）水平、左心室舒张期末内径（Left ventricular end diastolic diameter,LVEDD）、6 min步行试验（6 min walking test ,6MWT）、左心室射血分数（Left ventricular ejection fraction,LVEF）。结果：观察组的有效率为95.00 %,明显高于对照组的73.17 %（P<0.05）;治疗前,两组的血清CRP、 IL-1β、PCT和IL-8水平无差异（P>0.05）,治疗后,两组的上述指标均明显降低（P<0.05）,且观察组更低（P<0.05）;治疗前,两组的LVEDD、6MWT和LVEF无差异（P>0.05）,治疗后,两组的上述指标明显改善（P<0.05）,观察组更为明显（P<0.05）。结论：痰热清注射液联合头孢他啶对心力衰竭合并肺部感染患者有比较显著的疗效,能明显降低其血清炎症指标,有效控制感染,改善心功能,值得进行推广。     

酚妥拉明联合银杏达莫治疗慢性肺源性心脏病疗效观察

目的:观察酚妥拉明联合银杏达莫对慢性肺源性心脏病心衰患者的疗效,为临床治疗提供依据。方法:将90例患者随机分为治疗组和对照组各45例。两组采用常规内科治疗如控制感染、氧疗、强心、利尿等,治疗组在上述治疗基础上加用酚妥拉明20mg+银杏达莫25 mL于10%葡萄糖注射液500 mL中静脉滴注,1次/d,疗程均为10 d。结果:治疗组的疗效、血气分析、血液流变学、功能的改善优于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:酚妥拉明联合银杏达莫对慢性肺源性心脏病心衰患者具有良好的疗效及安全性,值得临床推广应用。     

A host-plant specialist, Helicoverpa assulta, is more tolerant to capsaicin from Capsicum annuum than other noctuid species

Plant secondary compounds not only play an important role in plant defense, but have been a driving force for host adaptation by herbivores. Capsaicin (8-methyl-N-vanillyl-6-nonenamide), an alkaloid found in the fruit of Capsicum spp. (Solanaceae), is responsible for the pungency of hot pepper fruits and is unique to the genus. The oriental tobacco budworm, Helicoverpa assulta (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), is a specialist herbivore feeding on solanaceous plants including Capsicum annuum, and is one of a very few insect herbivores worldwide capable of feeding on hot pepper fruits. To determine whether this is due in part to an increased physiological tolerance of capsaicin, we compared H. assulta with another specialist on Solanaceae, Heliothis subflexa, and four generalist species, Spodoptera frugiperda, Heliothis virescens, Helicoverpa armigera, and Helicoverpa zea, all belonging to the family Noctuidae. When larvae were fed capsaicin-spiked artificial diet for the entire larval period, larval mortality increased in H. subflexa and H. zea but decreased in H. assulta. Larval growth decreased on the capsaicin-spiked diet in four of the species, was unaffected in H. armigera and increased in H. assulta. Food consumption and utilization experiments showed that capsaicin decreased relative consumption rate (RCR), relative growth rate (RGR) and approximate digestibility (AD) in H. zea, and increased AD and the efficiency of conversion of ingested food (ECI) in H. armigera; whereas it did not significantly change any of these nutritional indices in H. assulta. The acute toxicity of capsaicin measured by injection into early fifth instar larvae was less in H. assulta than in H. armigera and H. zea. Injection of high concentrations produced abdominal paralysis and self-cannibalism. Injection of sub-lethal doses of capsaicin resulted in reduced pupal weights in H. armigera and H. zea, but not in H. assulta. The results indicate that H. assulta is more tolerant to capsaicin than the other insects tested, suggesting that this has facilitated expansion of its host range within Solanaceae to Capsicum after introduction of the latter to the Old World about 500 years ago. The increased larval survival and growth due to chronic dietary exposure to capsaicin suggests further adaptation of H. assulta to that compound, the mechanisms of which remain to be investigated.