Contesting the ‘model minority’: racialization,youth culture and ‘British Chinese’/‘Oriental’ nights

While racialized youth are often central in debates on citizenship, multiculturalism and belonging, those ascribed as ‘British Chinese’ are constructed as model minorities, lacking a hybridized culture but insulated from racism, and thus invisible in these discussions. This article argues, however, that the model minority discourse is itself a specific form of contemporary racialization that revives ‘yellow peril’ discourses on the capacities of particular ‘Oriental’ bodies. Drawing on ethnographic fieldwork, it examines how young people challenge these constructions, by drawing on popular culture to organize and participate in what they call ‘British Chinese’ and, more provocatively, ‘Oriental’ nightlife spaces. It analyses how through these spaces participants forge a sense of identity that allows them to reimagine themselves as racialized subjects. It demonstrates how these spaces constitute transient sites of experimental belonging, facilitating new cultural politics and social identifications that at once contest reified conceptions of British Chineseness yet also create new exclusions.     

Taking minority women’s activism seriously as epistemic justice

In Minority Women and Austerity, Bassel and Emejulu offer new insights into minority women’s experiences of and resistance to austerity in England, Scotland and France, exploring both the material and discursive obstacles that minority women face in their respective contexts. Importantly, the book provides frameworks through which to make sense of these experiences. This review focuses on specific insights put forward by Bassel and Emejulu’s work as a means to shed light on recent events, namely (1) the framework of “political racelessness” borrowed from David Theo Goldberg, (2) the recognition of minority women as experts and (3) the critique of the novelty frame forced upon minority women’s experiences and resistance. Finally, some critical thoughts are offered pointing to potential gaps, in light of recent developments, most notably the relation between the financial crisis and what we know as the “migration crisis”.     

Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Diabetes Clinical Care and Management: A Narrative Review

Diabetes affects nearly 37 million Americans, with disproportionately higher disease burden amongst those from minoritized communities. The result of this is greater rates of diabetic complications and mortality. To close this gap in care, it is important to assess the differences in both diagnosis and care between White and ethnic/racial minoritized persons with diabetes. The purpose of this narrative review is to explore this further by assessing the differences in diagnosis, management, diabetes education, and complications.     

Reconfiguring Uyghurness in multilingualism: an internal migration perspective

This qualitative inquiry investigates how the experiences of learning and using multiple languages influenced the transformation of self-perceived ethnic identities in a group of tertiary-level Uyghur minority students in the context of internal migration in China. Data analysis showed that the majority of Uyghur participants developed a greater affinity with and attachment to their ethnic group by emphasizing the language differences between Uyghur and the dominant Han in intercultural encountering. However, they gradually probed into the meaning of “being Uyghur” in the receiving community. Participants following mother tongue and Chinese educational paradigms were found to offer contrastive answers to the question “what should be the distinguishing features of being Uyghur?”. It was further found that learning English as a third language enabled participants to develop a positive personal ethnic identity by enhancing their understanding of ethnicity and its associations with its constituent elements. We conclude with suggestions for relevant stakeholders.     

The fragility of “white Irish” as a minority ethnic identity in England

This paper is a methodological reflection on the experiences of a white Irish woman researching ethnicity in England. Ethnic identity is described as a performance between two social actors that requires the collusion of both parties in order to be socially accepted. The history and disputes around the white Irish ethnic group category in England are discussed. Through the use of fieldnotes and interview extracts, I discuss how I became aware that my ethnic identity was not always recognized by participants, and in some cases the distinction between white Irish and white British was denied. At the micro level, this affects my rapport with individual participants, while at the macro level it resonates with historical relationships between Ireland and England. I argue that such experiences can lead to an existential threat to a person’s ethnic identity and therefore that the status of white Irish identity in England can be fragile.     

An Assessment of Diversity,Inclusion, and Health Equity Training in Endocrinology Fellowship Programs in the United States

ContextThe Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education has instituted common program requirements related to diversity, equity, and inclusion (DEI) for postgraduate trainees in the United States; however, the extent to which DEI training is being incorporated across endocrinology fellowship programs is unknown.ObjectivesTo describe the sociodemographic representation and DEI training experiences within endocrinology fellowship programs.Design, setting, and participantsNational cross-sectional survey study of fellows and fellowship program leaders in the United States whose fellowships were members of the Association of Program Directors in Endocrinology and Metabolism.Main outcome measures(1) Demographics of fellows and program leaders and (2) programs’ experience, confidence, and interest in formal DEI training.ResultsA total of 108 and 106 fellow and faculty responded to the survey, respectively. The majority of fellows and faculty are female. Less than 3% of fellows and 3.7% of faculty identify as Black. More than 90% of fellows/faculty are heterosexual and no respondents identified as transgender/nonbinary; however, 5% and 2% of all respondents preferred not to disclose their sexual orientation and gender identity, respectively. While 85% of faculty received institutional diversity and inclusion training, 67.6% of fellows did. Fellows are more likely to have received training in health equity than program leaders. Both fellows and program leaders express a high interest in health equity curriculum.ConclusionsWithin the diversity of endocrinology training programs, Black physicians are underrepresented in medicine, which persists in endocrinology fellowships. Fellowship programs express enthusiasm for national diversity and health equity curricula, with the majority of programs reporting institutional DEI training.     

Focus: Sex and Gender Health: Suicide Prevention Interventions for Sexual & Gender Minority Youth: An Unmet Need

Suicide is currently the second leading cause of death in the U.S. among youth ages 10 to 24. Sexual and gender minority (SGM) youth face heightened risk for suicide and report greater odds of attempting suicide than their heteronormative peers. Contributing factors of experience, which are distinctly different from the experiences of heteronormative youth, place SGM youth at heightened risk for suicide. While interventions aimed at addressing suicide risk factors for all youth are being implemented and many have proven effective in the general population, no evidence-based intervention currently exists to reduce suicide risk within this special population. This perspective article discusses this need and proposes the development of an evidence-based suicide risk reduction intervention tailored to SGM youth. Creating a supportive school climate for SGM youth has been shown to reduce suicide risk and may provide protective effects for all youth while simultaneously meeting the unique needs of SGM youth.     

Characterisation,applicability and defect analysis for tiles nanostructure of quantum dot cellular automata

Quantum dot cellular automata (QCA) is an emerging technology for nanoscale computing. In this paper, our contribution is to enhance the applicability of 3 × 3 tile nanostructure in QCA. We introduced few novel 3 × 3 active-type tiles, namely triple fan-output tiles or butterfly tile, five-input majority voter (MV) and fault-tolerant 3 × 3 tile-coupled majority–minority voter. We also explored the cascading effect on 3 × 3 tile. Triple fan-out tile is applicable to drive three outputs simultaneously. Five-input MV, which is another active-type tile we proposed, is applicable for designing five-variable or five addressing, advanced computations. In passive-type 3 × 3 tiles, we introduce symmetrical baseline tiles and asymmetrical fully populated fan-in tiles. QCA design was found to be having high error during fabrication of device. We made exhaustive simulation for analysing the defect that can occur during fabrication process. Defects such as extra cell deposition, missing cell deposition and displaced cell deposition for QCA are prone to occur. Fault analyses of the above-mentioned 3 × 3 tiles are performed. We also focused on the effect of extra dot or missing dot deposition, during the chemical synthesis phase.