综合护理干预对百草枯中毒患者hs-CRP、IL-10、ASL、ALT水平影响

为分析综合护理干预对百草枯中毒患者临床治疗预后的效果,本研究选取2015年5月至2016年12月我院收治的百草枯中毒患者92例,根据护理方法不同分为对照组和观察组。对照组患者采用常规护理模式进行干预,观察组患者采用综合护理模式进行干预,分析两组患者护理后的效果。研究发现,观察组患者治愈率、7 d存活率和30 d存活率高于对照组,口腔黏膜愈合时间、住院时间短于对照组(p<0.05)。干预前,两组患者hs-CRP、IL-10、ASL、ALT水平比较无统计学差异(p>0.05)。干预后,观察组患者hs-CRP、IL-10、ASL、ALT水平低于对照组(p<0.05)。干预前,两组患者焦虑、抑郁评分比较无统计学差异(p>0.05)。干预后,观察组患者焦虑、抑郁评分低于对照组(p<0.05)。本研究的结果说明,百草枯中毒患者采用综合护理干预可加快患者口腔黏膜愈合时间,提高治愈率、存活率,改善患者心理状况,值得临床推广及进一步规范研究。     

粪菌移植联合乳果糖对顽固性功能性便秘患者胃肠功能、生活质量及心理状态的影响*

目的:研究粪菌移植联合乳果糖对顽固性功能性便秘患者胃肠功能、生活质量及心理状态的影响。方法:选取2016年6月至2018年5月我院消化内科收治的顽固性功能性便秘患者100例为研究对象,按照随机数字表法将患者分为对照组(n=45)和研究组(n=55)。对照组给予乳果糖口服治疗,研究组则采用粪菌移植联合乳果糖治疗,两组均治疗6周。对比两组临床疗效、胃肠功能以及治疗前后生活质量和心理状态的变化,并观察两组治疗期间不良反应发生情况。结果:与对照组比较,研究组总有效率明显升高(P0.05)。研究组首次自主排便时间、肛门首次排气时间、肠鸣音恢复时间均短于对照组,胃肠减压引流量高于对照组(P0.05)。治疗6周后,两组患者生活质量自评量表(PAC-QOL)评分、Zung焦虑自评量表(SAS)评分和抑郁自评量(SDS)评分均较治疗前降低,且与对照组比较,研究组PAC-QOL评分、SAS评分、SDS评分均降低(P0.05)。两组不良反应发生率比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:粪菌移植联合乳果糖对顽固性功能性便秘具有较好的疗效,可改善患者胃肠功能和心理状态,同时可提高患者生活质量,无严重不良反应发生。     

精神心理干预对慢性肛周湿疹患者治疗效果、心理状态及生活质量的影响

目的:探讨精神心理干预对慢性肛周湿疹患者治疗效果、心理健康及生活质量的影响,为临床治疗提供新的切入点。方法:选取122例慢性肛周湿疹患者为研究对象,采用随机数字表法分为干预组和对照组各61例。对照组接受常规治疗,干预组在对照组的基础上接受精神心理干预,两组患者均治疗8周。对比两组患者的临床疗效,观察并比较两组患者治疗前后的心理状态以及生活质量的变化情况。结果:干预组的总有效率为85.25%,明显高于对照组的62.30%(P0.05)。治疗8周后,两组患者焦虑自评量表(SAS)评分、抑郁自评量表(SDS)评分、皮肤病生活质量指数(DLQI)评分和匹兹堡睡眠质量指数(PSQI)评分均降低,且干预组患者治疗后的SAS评分、SDS评分、DLQI评分和PSQI评分均明显低于对照组(P0.05)。两组患者治疗后的心理弹性量表(CD-RISC)评分升高,且与对照组相比,干预组患者治疗后的CD-RISC评分显著升高(P0.05)。结论:精神心理干预联合常规治疗对慢性肛周湿疹具有较好的疗效。对患者实施精神心理干预可有效减轻患者焦虑、抑郁等负性情绪,提高患者心理韧性水平,促进患者生活质量的提升。     

Depression and adipose polyunsaturated fatty acids in the survivors of the Seven Countries Study population of Crete

The purpose of the present study was to investigate the relation between adipose tissue polyunsaturated fatty acids, an index of long-term or habitual fatty acid dietary intake and depression. The sample consisted of 150 elderly males from the island of Crete. The subjects were survivors of the Greek Seven Countries Study group. The mean age was 84 years. The number of subjects with complete data on all variables studied was 63. Subjects were examined by the Preventive Medicine and Nutrition Clinic of the University of Crete. Depression was assessed through the use of the short form of the Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS-15). Depression correlated negatively with adipose tissue alpha-linolenic acid (C18:3n-3). Depressed subjects had significantly reduced (-10.5%) adipose tissue C18:3n-3 levels than non-depressed subjects. The observed negative relation between adipose tissue C18:3n-3 and depression, in the present study, appears to indicate increasing long-term dietary C18:3n-3 intakes with decreasing depression. This agrees with findings of other studies indicating an inverse relation between depression and consumption of fish and n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids. This is the first literature report of a relation between adipose tissue C18:3n-3 and depression. Furthermore, this is the first report of a relation between adipose PUFA and depression in an elderly sample. Depression has been reported to be associated with elevated cytokines, such as, IL-1, IL-2, IL-6, INF-gamma and INF-alpha. Fish oil and omega-3 fatty acids, on the other hand, have been reported to inhibit cytokine production. The observed negative relation between adipose C18:3n-3 and depression, therefore, may stem from the inhibiting effect of C18:3n-3 or its long-chain metabolites on cytokine synthesis.     

从灾害救援特点看新时期心理卫生支援分队建设

根据自然灾害医学救援要求及组织体制,结合灾害救援过程中的心理压力来源及心理需求,提出心理卫生支援分队建设指导:人员需具备专业技能,兼顾全面技术;采取的工作方式主要为团体合作、小组协作和单人干预等;日常训练重点在于做好实战训练、预案、心理和物资方面的准备,力求使心理卫生支援分队满足新时期非战争军事任务的需要。     

心理护理在急性肝炎合并上消化道大出血患者的临床价值研究

目的:探讨心理护理对急性肝炎合并上消化道大出血患者焦虑程度、满意度及康复效果的影响。方法:将60例急性肝炎合并上消化道大出血患者随机分为对照组(30例)和观察组(30例),对照组按常规护理,观察组在常规护理基础上加用心理护理,两组患者临床抢救方法与用药情况基本一致,分析比较两组患者治疗前后焦虑程度、满意度及康复效果的差异。结果:与对照组相比,观察组患者整体的焦虑度明显低于对照组(P<0.05),对护理满意度高于对照组(P<0.05)。观察组患者临床康复时间略短于对照组(P≥0.05),但观察组患者的康复效果满意度明显好于对照组(P<0.05)。结论:心理护理可明显减轻急性肝炎合并上消化道大出血患者焦虑程度,提高了患者对护理的整体满意度及康复效果的满意度,值得广泛使用。     

Pharmacogenetics of hormone replacement therapy for climacteric symptoms

Hormone replacement therapy (HRT) is highly effective for women suffering from climacteric symptoms, with occasionally severe side effects. To determine which women needs HRT for climacteric symptoms indeed, pharmacogenetical approach for HRT was performed. Under the condition of minimal HRT, 33 patients required HRT for more than 1 year and the remaining 156 did not. Three single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in estrogen receptor α (ERα) gene and 3 SNPs and a microsatellite polymorphism in estrogen receptor β (ERβ) gene were analyzed using LightTyper and PCR. Homozygous for 18 CA repeats of D14S1026 (OR 8.00, 95% CI 2.56-25.02, P < 0.001) and rs1256049 (OR 6.35, 95% CI 2.38-16.92, P = 0.004) in ERβ associated with minimal HRT. In contrast, rs1271572 in 789 bp upstream region of ERβ (OR 0.30, 95% CI 0.14-0.65, P = 0.002) gene decreased HRT. rs2228480 in ERα gene also increased HRT. Tailored decisions can be expected on the future use of HRT referring genetic polymorphisms of individuals.     

军校学员心理测评课教学体会

心理测评是一种应用范围很广的心理学研究的方法,为广大基层部队和医院培养出高水平的心理测评人才对于实现强军目标具有非常重要的意义。我科室通过对军校学员开展心理测评教学的多年经验,总结出一套适应于为基层部队培养出能够实际应用型心理测评人才的教学方案,通过基础理论课、实践操作课以及讨论课等一系列教学课程,使学员不仅能够掌握基础理论,同时还可以快速的将理论应用于实践操作中,大大提高了教学的内容和质量。     

Weight‐Loss Practices and Asthma: Findings from the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System

Objective: To describe weight‐control practices and receipt of weight‐loss advice among obese people with asthma. Research Methods and Procedures: We analyzed data from the 2000 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System. Results: Among 13,953 participants with current asthma, 27.3% had a body mass index of ≥30 kg/m2. Overall, 48.1% of participants with asthma reported trying to lose weight (64.1% among overweight or obese participants and 72.9% among obese participants). Among participants with asthma who were trying to lose or maintain weight, 74.7% reported trying to reduce their energy and/or fat intake, and 57.8% reported using physical activity. Approximately 29.7% were using the recommended combination of energy and/or fat intake reduction and physical activity of ≥150 min/wk. During the 12 months before the interview, 16.2% of overweight and 44.9% of obese participants with asthma reported receiving advice to lose weight. Among obese participants receiving weight‐loss advice, 82.9% reported trying to lose weight compared to 63.8% of participants who did not receive such advice. Discussion: Health professionals can play an important role in educating their patients with asthma about the importance of weight control and assisting their overweight and obese patients in setting appropriate weight goals and helping them achieve those goals.     

The repeated procedure of weaning and peer group formation causes accumulation of stress and changes of plasma cortisol level and natural killer activity in squirrel monkeys (Saimiri sciureus)

The psychological stress was evaluated in repeated and unrepeated procedures of weaning as well as forming peer group in squirrel monkeys. The repeated procedure included the process of increasing the period of separation or formation stepwise during four weeks. The plasma cortisol levels and natural killer (NK) activities were monitored during experiment to evaluate the stress in infant monkeys. The plasma cortisol level rapidly increased two to three times as much as basal level and kept high levels throughout experiment in repeated group. In the infants of unrepeated group, significant increase of cortisol level and decrease of NK activity were observed in day-1, but both of them returned to the basal level at day-7. Both cortisol level and NK activity did not show any change with exception of decrease in NK activity at day-7 in infants who were introduced into peer group without repeated procedure. On the other hand, both cortisol level and NK activity increased during the repeated procedure. These results indicate that both weaning and forming peer group induce the psychological stress in infant squirrel monkeys, resulting in changes of plasma cortisol level and NK activity. Repeating the procedure of separation or introduction applied in this study caused the accumulation of stress. Although plasma cortisol level increased in infants exposed to both weaning and forming peer group, the changing pattern of NK activity differed between them. This finding suggests that social or psychological stress show two different effects on immune function, suppression, and enhancement depending on the level of stress.