角雉属分类地位的探讨

角雉属Tragopan两性羽色不同,雄性具有艳丽的装饰性羽毛,这与一般雉族Phasianini相似;而尾较翅为短,尾羽的换羽从中央到外侧,这些特征又与鹑族Perdicini各属相同,形态特征上角雉属被划为鹑族.通过PCR扩增鸡形目Galliformes黄腹角雉Tragopan caboti等10个属19个个体的线粒体DNA细胞色素b的部分基因,获取片段长度为828bp,以及从GenBank获取22种样本的相应序列,以角叫鸭Anhima cornuta和海龟Kachuga dhongoka为外群,分别用邻接法(Neighbor-joining,NJ)和最小进化法(Minimum-evolution,ME),对鸡形目和将雉科的15个属分为5个属及雉族和鹑族构建分子系统树,NJ和ME系统树中,都是角雉与雉类相聚.角雉出现形态解剖与基因分析分类地位的不一致,说明雉和鹑可能不是单系群.同时我们认为雌雄的色泽区别比尾羽的长短和换羽方式在对雉和鹑形态特征分类时更为重要.从分子水平分析的结果都是角雉属与雉聚类.因此角雉归为雉族更合理.     

Neogene phasianids (Aves: Phasianidae) of Central Asia: 1. Genus <Emphasis Type="Italic">Tologuica</Emphasis> gen. nov.

A new genus, Tologuica, with two species (T. aurorae sp. nov. and T. karhui sp. nov.), from the Middle Miocene of the Sharga locality (western Mongolia) is described. The new genus shares some characters with the extinct genera Palaeocryptonyx, Palaeortyx, and Plioperdix and with extant Coturnix. The foot structure suggests that Tologuica resembled in ecology the European genus Palaeortyx and was probably adapted to an arboreal mode of life, in contrast to the terrestrial Coturnix and Plioperdix.     

Phylogenetic affinities of evolutionarily enigmatic African galliforms: the Stone Partridge Ptilopachus petrosus and Nahan's Francolin Francolinus nahani,and support for their sister relationship with New World quails

The monotypic Stone Partridge Ptilopachus petrosus (Galliformes: Phasianidae), restricted to arid rocky areas of the northern savanna belt including the Sahel on the southern border of the Sahara Desert, is a taxonomic enigma. Historically, it has been grouped with Asian forest partridges (Galloperdix and Bambusicola spp.). However, recent DNA‐based phylogenetic research has suggested that its closest relative is Nahan's Francolin Francolinus nahani, another taxonomically enigmatic African galliform, and a globally threatened, narrow endemic species associated with the interior of remnant primary forests of the eastern equatorial lowlands of the Democratic Republic of the Congo and Uganda. This hypothesis is investigated in greater detail using additional DNA evidence and information on behaviour and vocalizations. Phylogenetic analyses of the combined sequences from three nuclear and four mitochondrial markers (5554 bases for 84 galliform taxa) overwhelmingly support the sister relationship between F. nahani and P. petrosus. They, in turn, are the distantly related sister taxon of the New World quails (Odontophoridae), and are not related to any other Old World galliform.     

Polychromatisme et polymorphisme biochimique chez cinq espèces de phasianidés

A correspondence between egg shell polychromatism and polymorphism of egg white proteins is presented and discussed in five related species of Phasianidae: Coturnix coturnix japonica, Lophortyx californica, Perdix perdix, Alectoris rufa and Phasianus colchicus.