大紫蛱蝶三个地理种群的RAPD遗传多样性分析

采用RAPD技术分析了大紫蛱蝶朝鲜亚种Sasakia charonda coreana 3个地理种群的遗传多样性,并以同属的黑紫蛱蝶指名亚种Sasakia funebris funebris(Leech)及近缘属种黑脉蛱蝶指名亚种Hestina assimilis assimilis(Linnaeus)为外群,探讨了它们之间的亲缘关系.经筛选的10个随机引物对供试的58只蝶类标本共产生200条带,扩增谱带具有明显的属、种间多态性.     

Jhe in Gryllus assimilis: cloning, sequence-activity associations and phylogeny

The 458 amino acid sequence of a mature JHE protein from the cricket Gryllus assimilis was identified after isolating the partial cDNA sequence encoding this protein from a fat body and midgut cDNA library. This hemimetabolan JHE sequence shows over 40% amino acid similarity to the known JHE sequences of several holometabolous insects. It also includes previously determined peptide sequences for G. assimilis JHE as well as two other motifs associated with JHE enzymes in holometabolous insects. The predicted molecular weight of the protein agrees with that of the JHE previously purified from G. assimilis. Partial genomic sequence encoding the Jhe contains two large (1330 and 2918 bp) introns. No coding DNA sequence variation was observed over a 1293 bp region between selected lines differing six to eight-fold in hemolymph JHE activity. However, a 19 bp indel was found in one of the introns; the insertion was strongly associated with elevated hemolymph activity, both in the selected lines and in the F₂ progeny of crosses between them. Phylogenetic analyses localised the G. assimilis JHE to a clade containing dipteran and coleopteran JHEs, with lepidopteran JHEs occurring in a separate clade.     

Implications for conservation biocontrol of spatio‐temporal relationships between carabid beetles and coleopterous pests in winter oilseed rape

1 The spatio‐temporal distributions of predatory carabid beetles (Coleoptera: Carabidae) and their potential prey, the larvae of three coleopterous pests, Meligethes aeneus (Fabricius) and Ceutorhynchus spp. [Ceutorhynchus pallidactylus (Marsham), the cabbage stem weevil, and Ceutorhynchus assimilis (Paykull), the cabbage seed weevil], were studied within a crop of winter oilseed rape. The distributions of Collembola were recorded as potential alternative prey. Insect distributions were analysed and compared using Spatial Analysis by Distance Indices. 2 Mature larvae of the pests dropped from the crop canopy to the soil for pupation in temporal succession from May to early July. Their distributions within the crop were irregular and differed with species. 3 Adults of seven species or genera of carabid were abundant and active within the crop during May and June: Nebria brevicollis (Fabricius), Anchomenus dorsalis (Pontoppidan), Loricera pilicornis (Fabricius), Amara similata (Gyllenhal), Asaphidion spp., Pterostichus madidus (Fabricius) and Pterostichus melanarius (Illiger). 4 During May, N. brevicollis was spatially associated with peak numbers of M. aeneus larvae and with Collembola. Anchomenus dorsalis was spatially associated with Ceutorhynchus spp. larvae during two peaks in the abundance of the latter in early and late June. Nebria brevicollis and A. dorsalis coincided in both time and space with larvae of the three coleopterous pests when they were most vulnerable to predation by epigeal predators and are therefore good candidates for conservation biocontrol. 5 The importance of carabid beeetles in the natural enemy complex in winter oilseed rape and their potential for biocontrol of spring and summer pests are discussed in relation to husbandry practices for the crop and its adjacent areas which could be manipulated to promote carabid survival for integrated pest management.     

Isolation and characterization of microsatellite loci from Chiasmia assimilis (Warren, 1899) (Lepidoptera: Geometridae)

Twelve microsatellite loci are presented for the biological control agent Chiasmia assimilis (Warren, 1899). These microsatellite loci were obtained through the construction of an enriched library, overcoming previous reported difficulties with obtaining microsatellites from other Lepidoptera due to the low frequency of microsatellites in their genomes.     

刺槐掌舟蛾的生物学特性及防治

刺槐掌舟蛾是为害刺槐的重要食叶害虫。在山东荣成市１年发生１代,以蛹在土中越冬。每年６～９月为害,各虫态极不整齐。本文记述了该虫的生活年史、发育历期、生活习性、发生与环境的关系及天敌情况,提出了防治建议。     

苹掌舟蛾药效实验的统计分析

苹掌舟蛾（Ｐｈａｌｅｒａ ｆｌａｖｅｓｃｅｎｓ Ｂｒｅｍｅｒ ｅｔ Ｇｒｅｙ）为北方苹果、南方枇杷和梨、桃、李、杏、梅、樱桃、山楂等果树的重要害虫,常致枇杷及光叶石楠受害成灾。本用统计的方法分析了采用农药和病毒防治苹掌舟蛾幼虫的效果。     

Distant olfactory response of the cabbage seed weevil, Ceutorhynchus assimilis, to oilseed rape odour in the field

Abstract. The olfactory orientation of adult cabbage seed weevils (Ceutorhynchus assimilis Payk.) from a distance of 20 m to extracts of oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.) was studied in the field using mark–release–recapture experiments. Male and female weevils dispersed upwind from the centre of a circular array of traps baited with Oilseed rape extracts. In the absence of host-plant odour, female weevils dispersed randomly, and male weevils downwind. Percentage recapture of weevils was significantly greater in traps baited with rape flower than rape leaf extracts. Significantly fewer weevils were recaptured in unbaited traps compared to traps baited with rape flower or leaf extracts. We suggest that seed weevils can use odour-mediated upwind anemotaxis to locate their host-plants from distances of at least 20 m.