生长激素治疗特发性矮小疗效观察及分析

目的:探究生长激素对特发性矮小(idiopathic short,ISS)的作用及临床疗效。方法:在我院临床接受ISS治疗的病患中,随机选取84例作为研究对象。按照随机分组法把其分为观察组(44例)和对照组(40例)。对照组进行常规治疗。观察组每日睡前注射生长激素0.16—0.20IU/kg。对比分析两组病患治疗后身高、身高标准差及生长速率情况。结果:对照组治疗后无明显增高现象,而观察组增高现象显著。差异均有统计学意义(均P0.05)。观察组疗效优者占63.6%(28/44),优良率为95.5%(42/44),均明显高于对照组的35%(14/40),80%(32/40),差异均有统计学意义(均P0.05)。结论:生长激素用于治疗ISS病患疗效显著,并能有效改善ISS病患身高、生长速率,安全性有保证,值得临床治疗广泛推荐。     

Olfactory responses of Aethina tumida murray (Coleoptera: Nitidulidae) to some major volatile compounds from hive materials and workers of Apis mellifera

The small hive beetle (Aethina tumida Murray) is an invasive pest affecting honey bee colonies. The beetles are known to be attracted to volatiles from hive products and honey bees like Apis mellifera L. Previously we reported the presence of five major compounds from the volatile extracts of hive materials; ethyl linolenate and ethyl palmitate from pollen dough, oleamide and tetracosane in fermenting honey, and oleamide and 5-methyl-2-phenyl-1H-indole from A. mellifera worker bees. This study tested the attractiveness of the aforementioned five volatile organic compounds to small hive beetles (SHB) by Y-tube olfactometric bioassay. Ethyl linolenate was highly attractive to both male and female adults of SHB. Ethyl palmitate was attractive to SHB only at higher concentration (0.01–01 mg/ml). Interestingly, tetracosane, 5-methyl-2-phenyl-1H-indole and oleamide were repellent for SHB of both sexes, but ethyl linolenate and ethyl palmitate as components of honey bee brood pheromone attracted SHB. The results highlight that SHB differentially utilizes volatile chemicals from hive materials and honey bees as cues to locate honey bee hives.     

Evolution of starvation resistance in an invasive insect species,Aethina tumida (Coleoptera: Nitidulidae)

Starvation resistance, or the ability to survive periods without food, can shed light on selection pressure imposed by food scarcity, including chances to invade new regions as a result of human transport. Surprisingly, little information is known about starvation resistance for invasive insect species. Given that native and invasive populations differ in starvation resistance, this would suggest different selection scenarios and adaptive shifts fostering invasion success. Here, we show striking differences in starvation resistance of adult small hive beetles Aethina tumida (SHB) between native and invasive populations. In the laboratory, starvation resistance of freshly emerged laboratory‐reared and field‐collected adult females and males was evaluated in the beetle's native African range and in their invasive North American range. SHB in their native African range survived longer than SHB in their invasive North American range. Across ranges, females survived longer than males. Field‐collected SHB survived in Africa longer than freshly emerged ones, but not in the invasive range. This suggests no selection for starvation resistance in the invasive range, possibly due to differences between African and European‐derived honey bee hosts facilitating a trade‐off scenario between reproduction and starvation resistance. The ability of adult females to survive up to two months without food appears to be one factor contributing to the invasion success of this species. Assuming food availability is usually high in the invasive ranges, and trade‐offs between starvation resistance and fecundity/reproduction are common, it seems as if selection for starvation resistance during transport could set up potential trade‐offs that enhance reproduction after invasion. It would be interesting to see if this is a possible general pattern for invasive insect species.     

Pain assessment in animal models of osteoarthritis

Assessment of pain in animal models of osteoarthritis is integral to interpretation of a model's utility in representing the clinical condition, and enabling accurate translational medicine. Here we describe behavioral pain assessments available for small and large experimental osteoarthritic pain animal models.     

A new Liopropoma sea bass (Serranidae,Epinephelinae, Liopropomini) from deep reefs off Cura?ao,southern Caribbean,with comments on depth distributions of western Atlantic liopropomins

Collecting reef-fish specimens using a manned submersible diving to 300 m off Curaçao, southern Caribbean, is resulting in the discovery of numerous new fish species. The new Liopropoma sea bass described here differs from other western Atlantic members of the genus in having VIII, 13 dorsal-fin rays; a moderately indented dorsal-fin margin; a yellow-orange stripe along the entire upper lip; a series of approximately 13 white, chevron-shaped markings on the ventral portion of the trunk; and a reddish-black blotch on the tip of the lower caudal-fin lobe. The new species, with predominantly yellow body and fins, closely resembles the other two “golden basses” found together with it at Curaçao: L. aberrans and L. olneyi. It also shares morphological features with the other western Atlantic liopropomin genus, Bathyanthias. Preliminary phylogenetic data suggest that western Atlantic liopropomins, including Bathyanthias, are monophyletic with respect to Indo-Pacific Liopropoma, and that Bathyanthias is nested within Liopropoma, indicating a need for further study of the generic limits of Liopropoma. The phylogenetic data also suggest that western Atlantic liopropomins comprise three monophyletic clades that have overlapping depth distributions but different depth maxima (3–135 m, 30–150 m, 133–411 m). The new species has the deepest depth range (182–241 m) of any known western Atlantic Liopropoma species. Both allopatric and depth-mediated ecological speciation may have contributed to the evolution of western Atlantic Liopropomini.     

促红细胞生成素治疗慢性心力衰竭156例临床观察

目的:观察EPO对慢性充血性心力衰竭(CHF)治疗效果。方法:选择CHF患者212例,随机分为非EPO治疗组(56例)和EPO治疗组(156例)。其中非EPO治疗组采用常规抗心衰治疗,EPO治疗组接受常规抗心衰治疗和EPO治疗,直至临床观察结束。治疗后观察心功能指标改变。结果:156例心衰患者经过EPO治疗后,左室射血分数,每搏输出量,每分输出量,心指数均较非EPO治疗对照组患者明显改善(P<0.05),其中尤以左室射血分数改善最为明显(P<0.01)。156例EPO治疗组患者中116例心衰伴贫血患者心功能各项指标的改善较40例心衰不伴贫血患者更为明显,具有显著统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论:EPO对CHF患者心功能的改善主要是因为EPO的促红细胞生成作用。EPO对于慢性心功能不全有独立于促红细胞生成以外的治疗作用。     

Effect of artificial surveillance cues on reported moral judgment: Experimental failures to replicate and two meta-analyses

Several papers have reported that artificial surveillance cues, such as images of watching eyes, cause anonymous participants to behave as if they are actually under surveillance, thus increasing moral behavior. In a series of four experiments, we found no evidence that artificial surveillance cues impact reported moral judgment, self-rated possession of positive traits, or religiosity. Two small meta-analyses, both comprising six experiments investigating the effect of artificial surveillance cues on moral judgment, provided mixed conclusions. One meta-analysis produced a mean effect size not significantly different from zero and the other produced a mean effect size on the edge of significance. On the whole, artificial surveillance cues have inconsistent effects, or possibly no effect, on moral outcomes.     

益肾活血解毒汤治疗肾虚血瘀型颈动脉粥样硬化患者的疗效观察

摘要 目的：观察益肾活血解毒汤治疗肾虚血瘀型颈动脉粥样硬化（CAS）效果。方法：选取我院2021年8月~2023年4月收治的肾虚血瘀型CAS患者80例,随机分为观察组和对照组,各40例。两组均予以常规西医治疗,观察组加服益肾活血解毒汤,治疗周期为四周。观察两组的临床疗效、血脂等指标变化,并进行统计学比较。结果：两组治疗前中医证候积分无差异（P＞0.05）,而治疗后,观察组中医证候积分明显低于对照组（P<0.05）;观察组总有效率（97.50%）虽在数值上高于对照组（92.50%）,但并无统计学意义（P＞0.05）;相较于治疗前,两组治疗后血脂指标（CHOL、TG、LDL-C）和炎性因子（NLRP3、Caspase-1、IL-1β、IL-18）水平显著下降（P<0.05）,而观察组下降幅度更大,与对照组差异显著（P<0.05）;服药期间,两组均无明显不良反应发生。结论：常规调脂抗动脉粥样硬化联合益肾活血解毒汤治疗肾虚血瘀型CAS疗效肯定,可有效改善临床症状,调节血脂水平,控制炎症反应,且安全性良好。     

滋水清肝饮联合甲巯咪唑治疗甲状腺功能亢进症患者疗效观察和血清IGF-1、APN的影响

摘要 目的：评价滋水清肝饮联合甲巯咪唑治疗甲状腺功能亢进症（甲亢）患者临床疗效以及对血清IGF-1、APN水平的影响。方法：选入我院2021年3月~2023年2月收治的甲亢患者80例,随机分为对照组和观察组,各40例,其中对照组予以甲巯咪唑治疗,观察组采用滋水清肝饮+甲巯咪唑治疗。评价并比较两组的临床疗效、血清IGF-1和APN水平变化等。结果：与治疗前相比,两组治疗后主要中医证候积分、心率、FT3和FT4显著降低, TSH明显升高（P＜0.05）,而观察组降低/升高幅度更大,与对照组差异显著（P＜0.05）;观察组治疗总有效率92.50%,显著高于对照组的72.50%（P＜0.05）;与两组治疗前相比,治疗后血清IGF-1和APN水平下降,且观察组下降幅度较对照组大（P＜0.05）;观察组不良反应发生率较对照组低（5.00% vs 25.00%,P＜0.05）。结论：滋水清肝饮联合甲巯咪唑疗效确切,改善临床症状、甲状腺功能,下调血清IGF-1、APN水平,减少不良反应。     

哥伦比亚食道口线虫的离体培养及其幼虫的形态发生和发育过程观察

作者利用倒置显微镜对哥伦比亚食道口线虫(Oesophagostomum columbianum,Curtice,1890)幼虫在离体培养状况下的生长发育和形态发生过程进行了详细的观察。结果表明,几乎在所有培养系中,其生长发育和形态发生过程都是基本一致的,只是在不同的培养系中该过程所需时间不同。在培养系2培养91小时,肠细胞界限完全消失,由幼虫型肠道向成虫型肠道过渡。培养115小时进入中三期,食道由丝状型向成虫型(圆线虫型〕过渡。145小时,进入晚三期,开始形成L_4的暂时性口囊。第三次脱皮(M_3)开始于154小时,接种后160小时出现L_4。培养18天,99％完成M_3,1％虫体进入中四期,长约1800μm。