尼可地尔联合冠状动脉心脏介入治疗冠心病合并肾功能不全的疗效及对NGAL、Cys-C的影响

摘要 目的：探析冠心病（CHD）合并肾功能不全（RI）应用冠状动脉心脏介入治疗（PCI）联合尼可地尔的临床疗效及对胱抑素C（Cys-C）、中性粒细胞明胶酶相关脂质运载蛋白（NGAL）影响。方法：选择本院2019年6月~2021年6月就诊的86例CHD合并RI患者,随机数字表法分为两组各43例。 两组均实施PCI治疗,对照组实施常规静脉水化处理,观察组联合尼可地尔治疗。对比两组PCI治疗前后24 h肾功能指标（Cys-C、NGAL）、血清炎性因子指标（高敏C反应蛋白 (hs-CRP)、白细胞介素 6 (IL-6)）、心肌损伤指标（心肌肌钙蛋白I（cTnI）及肌酸激酶同工酶（CK-MB））、并发症发生率。结果：观察组CIN发生率（2.33%）、MACE率（2.33%）均明显低于对照组（16.28%、13.95%）,有统计学差异（P<0.05）。两组PCI治疗前Cys-C、NGAL、hs-CRP、IL-6、cTnI、CK- MB无统计学差异（P<0.05）。治疗后观察组Cys-C、NGAL、hs-CRP、IL-6升高幅度、组cTnI、CK- MB明显低于对照组（P<0.05）。结论：PCI 联合尼可地尔应用于CHD合并RI临床治疗效果显著,可有效改善患者肾功能,降低炎症反应、心肌损伤,预防CIN发生。     

食管癌患者术前营养风险评估及与术后吻合口瘘和住院时间的关系研究

摘要 目的：评估食管癌患者术前营养风险及其影响因素,并分析其与术后吻合口瘘和住院时间的关系。方法：回顾性分析2017年1月至2020年12月在合肥市第二人民医院胸外科行手术治疗的105例食管癌患者的临床资料,患者术前均完善营养风险筛查表-2002（NRS-2002）对其营养风险的评估,根据评估结果分为营养风险组（≥3分,43例）和无营养风险组（＜3分,62例）,采用单因素及多因素Logistic回归分析食管癌患者术前营养风险的影响因素,比较不同术前营养风险状态患者术后吻合口瘘发生率以及住院时间的差异。结果：食管癌患者的术前营养风险较高,营养风险发生率为40.95%（43/105）。单因素分析结果显示,营养风险组年龄≥65岁、入院体质量指数＜18.5 kg/m²、术前接受过新辅助放化疗、过去1周膳食摄入不足、术前白蛋白＜35 g/L的患者比例高于无营养风险组（P＜0.05）。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示,术前接受过新辅助放化疗、过去1周膳食摄入不足、术前白蛋白＜35 g/L是食管癌患者术前存在营养风险的危险因素（P＜0.05）。营养风险组术后胸腔吻合口瘘、颈部吻合口瘘发生率高于无营养风险组（P＜0.05）,住院时间长于无营养风险组（P＜0.05）。结论：术前新辅助放化疗、过去1周膳食摄入情况、术前白蛋白水平是食管癌患者术前营养风险的影响因素,术前营养风险会增加患者术后吻合口瘘发生风险,延长患者住院时间。     

Does Anthropomorphism of Dogs Affect Pain Perception in Animal-Assisted Interventions? An Exploratory Study

The purpose of this exploratory study was to determine the effects of anthropomorphism of a therapy dog on pain perception during an animal-assisted intervention. Participants were 32 college women who were randomly assigned to the anthropomorphism condition or the control condition. All participants engaged in a pretest cold pressor task to measure base-line individual differences in pain tolerance and perceptions of pain intensity and pain unpleasantness. After completing this task, participants in the anthropomorphism group engaged in a task intended to prime them to view a therapy dog anthropomorphically. Specifically, they rated photos of dogs on a series of humanlike traits (e.g., “this dog would be a good listener”). Participants in the control condition rated photos of dogs on a series of canine traits (e.g., “this dog would make a good watchdog”). After this experimental manipulation, participants engaged in a second cold pressor task in the presence of a therapy dog and the therapy dog handler. We hypothesized that participants in the anthropomorphism group would demonstrate greater pain tolerance and report lower levels of pain intensity and pain unpleasantness during the second cold pressor task than participants in the control group. Results provide partial support for these hypotheses. Participants in the anthropomorphism group reported lower posttest pain intensity than participants in the control group. In addition, they demonstrated greater posttest pain tolerance than participants in the control group—but only under conditions of medium or high pretest pain tolerance. The two groups did not differ with respect to posttest pain unpleasantness. The results of this exploratory study provide preliminary evidence that prompting individuals to view a therapy dog anthropomorphically may augment their experience of pain relief from a therapy dog visit.     

Enzyme activity of rat tibialis anterior muscle differs between treatment with triamcinolone and prednisolone and nutritional deprivation

The maximal activity of a selection of enzymes involved in muscle carbohydrate handling, citric acid cycle and fatty acyl beta-oxidation were studied after treatment with the fluorinated corticosteroid triamcinolone and compared to a similar treatment of the non-fluorinated corticosteroid prednisolone in an equipotent anti-inflammatory dose. Furthermore, because triamcinolone causes loss of body mass and muscle wasting, the effects of triamcinolone were investigated relative to a control group, with the same loss of body mass, due to nutritional deprivation. The study was performed in male Wistar rats in the following treatment groups: TR, triamcinolone treatment (0.25 mg x kg(-1) x day(-1) for 2 weeks), which resulted in a reduction of body mass (24%); ND, nutritional deprivation (30% of normal daily food intake for 2 weeks) resulting in a similar (24%) decrease of body mass as TR; PR, prednisolone treatment (0.31 mg x kg(-1) x day(-1) for 2 weeks), with a 10% increase in body mass; FF, free-fed control group, with a 12% increase in body mass in 2 weeks. Compared to FF, TR induced an increase in phosphofructokinase (PFK) activity (P < 0.01), glycogen synthase [GS(i + d)] activity (P < 0.05) and glycogen content (P < 0.01) in the tibialis anterior muscle. The PR and ND caused no alterations in PFK or citrate synthase (CS) activity compared to FF. Compared to PR, TR induced an increase in PFK (P < 0.01), CS (P < 0.05) and GS(i + d) activity (P < 0.01). Both TR and PR caused an increased muscle glycogen content, being more pronounced in TR (P < 0.05). Compared to ND, TR induced an increased CS (P < 0.05) and GS(i + d) activity (P < 0.01) and glycogen content (P < 0.01). The ND resulted in a decreased glycogen content compared to FF (P < 0.05). None of the treatments affected the activity of glycogen phosphorylase, beta-hydroxyacyl coenzyme A dehydrogenase and lactate dehydrogenase. It was concluded that corticosteroids led to an increased muscle glycogen content; however, the changes in the enzymes of carbohydrate metabolism were corticosteroid type specific and did not relate to undernutrition, which accompanied the triamcinolone treatment.     

Global nutritional profiling for mutant and chemical mode-of-action analysis in filamentous fungi

We describe a method for gene function discovery and chemical mode-of-action analysis via nutrient utilization using a high throughput Nutritional Profiling platform suitable for filamentous microorganisms. We have optimized the growth conditions for each fungal species to produce reproducible optical density growth measurements in microtiter plates. We validated the Nutritional Profiling platform using a nitrogen source utilization assay to analyze 21 Aspergillus nidulans strains with mutations in the master nitrogen regulatory gene, areA. Analysis of these data accurately reproduced expected results and provided new data to demonstrate that this platform is suitable for fine level phenotyping of filamentous fungi. Next, we analyzed the differential responses of two fungal species to a glutamine synthetase inhibitor, illustrating chemical mode-of-action analysis. Finally, a comparative phenotypic study was performed to characterize carbon catabolite repression in four fungal species using a carbon source utilization assay. The results demonstrate differentiation between two Aspergillus species and two diverse plant pathogens and provide a wealth of new data on fungal nutrient utilization. Thus, these assays can be used for gene function and chemical mode-of-action analysis at the whole organism level as well as interspecies comparisons in a variety of filamentous fungi. Additionally, because uniform distribution of growth within wells is maintained, comparisons between yeast and filamentous forms of a single organism can be performed.Electronic Supplementary Material Supplementary material is available in the online version of this article at The revised version of the PDF file was published online in January 2004. The figures are now in color.An erratum to this article can be found at     

A short review on the role of glutathione in the response of yeasts to nutritional, environmental, and oxidative stresses

Glutathione (L-γ-Glutamyl-L-Cysteinylglycine) appears as the major nonprotein thiol compound in yeasts. Recent advances have shown that glutathione (GSH) seems to be involved in the response of yeasts to different nutritional and oxidative stresses. When the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae is starved for sulfur or nitrogen nutrients, GSH may be mobilized to ensure cellular maintenance. Glutathione S-transferases may be involved in the detoxification of electrophilic xenobiotics. Vacuolar transport of metal derivatives of GSH ensure resistance to metal stress. Growth of methylotrophic yeasts on methanol results in the formation of an excess formaldehyde that is detoxified by a GSH-dependent formaldehyde dehydrogenase. Growth of yeasts on glycerol results in the accumulation of methylglyoxal detoxified by the glyoxalase pathway. Glutathione per se can react with oxidative agents or is involved in the oxidative stress response through glutathione peroxidase.     

动脉内灌药,内支架安置双介入治疗十二指肠恶性梗阻

通过动脉内灌药,内支架安置双介入治疗提高对十二指肠恶性梗阻姑息性治疗的疗效。十二指肠恶性梗阻病例１４例,男５例,女９例,年龄２０－６９岁,经口安置自膨式十二指肠金属支架共１５枚,其中１２例在支架安置后定期行肿瘤供血动脉插管介入化疗,所有病例梗阻症状解除,２例未行动脉灌药治疗者分别于２个月及４个月死亡,１２例双介入者生存期明显延长,最短６月,最长已达一年,结论：双介入治疗能够姑息治疗疗效延长晚期瘤患     

Comparing Injury and Illness Risk Assessments for Occupational Hazards

One common framework for describing the evaluation and assessment of hazards in the workplace includes the four steps of hazard identification, exposure assessment, exposure-response modeling, and risk characterization (NAS, 1983). We discuss hazards for occupational injury and illness in light of this framework, and we contrast the evaluation of injury hazards with the evaluation of illness hazards. In particular, the nature of the hazards, typical exposure patterns, quantification of exposure, and the attribution of outcome to exposure are discussed. Finally, we discuss the management of occupational illness and injury hazards and issues encountered when evaluating efforts designed to mitigate the effects of occupational hazards.