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121.
The properties of acetohydroxy acid synthase (AHAS, EC 4.1.3.18) from wild-type Chlorella emersonii (var. Emersonii, CCAP-211/11n) and two spontaneous sulfometuron methyl (SMM)-resistant mutants were examined. The AHAS from both mutants was resistant to SMM and cross-resistant to imazapyr (IM) and the triazolopyrimidine sulfonanilide herbicide XRD-498 (TP). The more-SMM-resistant mutant had AHAS with altered catalytic parameters (K
m, specificity), but unchanged sensitivity to the feedback inhibitors valine and leucine. The second mutant enzyme was less sensitive to the feedback inhibitors, but had otherwise unchanged kinetic parameters. Inhibition-competition experiments indicated that the three herbicides (SMM, IM, TP) bind in a mutually exclusive manner, but that valine can bind simultaneously with SMM or TP. The three herbicide classes apparently bind to closely overlapping sites. We suggest that the results with C. emersonii and other organisms can all be explained if there are separate binding sites for herbicides, feedback inhibitors and substrates.Abbreviations AHAS
acetohydroxy acid synthase
- AL
acetolactate
- AHB
acetohydroxybutyrate
- IM
imazapyr
- TP
triazolopyrimidine sulfonanilide herbicide XRD-498
- R
enzyme specificity
- SMM
sulfometuron methyl
This research was supported in part by the United States — Israel Binational Science Foundation (BSF), Jerusalem, Israel (Grant 86-00205) and the Fund for Basic Research, Israel Academy of Sciences. 相似文献
122.
123.
桂西南石漠化山地土壤种子库的基本特征及植被恢复对策 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
采用幼苗萌发法对广西平果县龙何示范区石漠化山地的土壤种子库进行初步研究。结果表明,该地区土壤种子库共有108种植物,隶属于33科81属,其中草本81种、灌木20种、藤本7种;其土壤种子库的种子密度为64.6~339.7粒.m-2,且在不同土地利用类型区及不同季节存在较大差别。在分析土壤种子库对其植被恢复作用的基础上,认为可采取自然封育和人工造林等措施,以促进现存植被的正向演替。 相似文献
124.
侵染香蕉的黄瓜花叶病毒株系的形态和生物学特征 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
对香蕉花叶病广东三个代表分离物的形态和生物学特征进行了较为全面的研究。在六种鉴别寄主上,斑驳类(MM)和断续条纹类(BS)分离物侵染较多的寄主种类诱导较为严重的症状,连续条纹类(CS)分离物侵染能力较弱。电镜观察表明:BS、CS和MM三个代表分离物的粒子呈球状、其粒子直径分别为22.5、24.3和27nm,纯化的病毒粒子电泳相对迁移率分别为0.72、0.56和0.51,在西葫芦上的增殖速度:不管在子叶或真叶,都是MM最快、BS次之、CS最慢。从西葫芦接种叶运转出接种叶的速度:MM和BS相似、CS明显较慢。在烟草上,三个分离物的运转速度和增殖速度以MM最快、BS次之、CS最慢;而且在烟草上随着接种后时间的延长,三个分离物除MM维持高浓度的时间较长外,BS和CS的都很短。在西葫芦和烟草上提纯产量,MM类最多、BS类次之、CS类最低。 相似文献
125.
Brian A. McGaw Roger Horgan Jim K. Heald George J. Wullems Rob A. Schilperoort 《Planta》1988,176(2):230-234
The levels of the major cytokinins, zeatin, zeatin riboside, zeatin riboside-5-monophosphate and zeatin-7-glucoside were measured in tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.) crown-gall tissues carrying insertion and deletion mutations in the T-DNA. Measurements were made by combined gas chromatography-mass spectrometry using selected ion monitoring with 15N- and 2H-labelled internal standards. The results demonstrate that, relative to wild-type tumour tissue, cytokinin levels are considerably elevated in tissues lacking functional T-DNA auxin-biosynthetic genes. From a detailed analysis of the major cytokinin metabolites it is concluded that a reduction in the extent of cytokinin degradation via N6-side-chain cleavage is an important factor leading to increased cytokinin levels in these tissues.Abbreviations IAA
indole-3-acetic acid
- SIM
selected ion monitoring
- Z
zeatin
- [7G]Z
zeatin-7-glucoside
- [9R]Z
zeatin-9-riboside
- [9R-5P]Z
zeatin riboside-5-monophosphate 相似文献
126.
中国沿海代表性河口地区鳗苗群体形态特征的比较研究 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
本文报道了1992—1994年连续3年采自海南至辽宁(包括台湾)沿海7个代表性河口地区鳗苗群体的主要形态特征比较研究结果。4项计数性状和3项度量性状,差异系数分析结果未达到亚种差异水平;判别函数显示,大多数群体间存在显著差异,这种差异应源于遗传变异。各年差异变化无规律,可能与鳗苗漂游分布的随机性有关。 相似文献
127.
A nonphotochemical-quenching-deficient mutant of Arabidopsis thaliana possessing normal pigment composition and xanthophyll-cycle activity 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Higher-plant chloroplasts alter the distribution of absorbed radiant energy between photosynthesis and heat formation in
response to changing illumination level or environmental stress. Fluorescence imaging was used to screen 62 yellow-green T-DNA
insertion mutant lines of Arabidopsis thaliana (L.) Heynh. for reduced photoprotective nonphotochemical quenching (NPQ) capacity. Pulse-modulation fluorometry was employed
to characterize one line (denoted Lsr1−) that exhibited an approximately 50% reduction in NPQ compared to the wild type (WT). The loss in NPQ capacity was associated
with the ΔpH-dependent phase of quenching (qE). Under the growth conditions employed, pigment composition and levels of the
six photosystem-II light-harvesting chlorophyll a/b proteins were identical in mutant and WT. Changes in the in-vivo levels of the xanthophyll pigments violaxanthin, antheraxanthin,
and zeaxanthin in excess light were the same for mutant and WT. However, use of the violaxanthin de-epoxidase inhibitor dithiothreitol
indicated that a zeaxanthin-dependent component of NPQ was specifically reduced in the mutant. The mutant exhibited diminished
suppression of minimum fluorescence yield (F
o
) in intense light suggesting an altered threshold in the mechanism of response to light stress in the mutant. The NPQ-deficient
phenotype was meiotically transmissible as a semidominant trait and mapped near marker T27K12 on chromosome 1. The results
suggest that the mutant is defective in sensing the transthylakoid ΔpH that reports exposure to excessive illumination.
Received: 26 May 1999 / Accepted: 17 June 1999 相似文献
128.
素色扎姆天牛Zamium incultum Pascoe是近年来进口非洲木材检疫中截获频次较高的一种害虫。为快速、准确地鉴定这种天牛,本文利用形态学方法对近十年来截获的天牛标本进行研究,并运用DNA条码技术对鉴定结果进行了验证。结合相关资料,描述了扎姆天牛属Zamium的特征,给出了扎姆天牛属常见3个种Z.incultum、Z.bimaculatum和Z.prociduum的鉴别特征;列出了椎天牛亚科的3个常见属即扎姆天牛属、断眼天牛属和梗天牛属的检索表;讨论了素色扎姆天牛对我国的入侵风险。 相似文献
129.
A spontaneous mutant of the yeast Candida maltosa SBUG 700 was isolated showing pseudohyphal marphology under all growth conditions tested. The C. maltosa PHM mutant takes up glucose with the kinetics of C. maltosa SBUG 700 and starved cells contain the same cyclic AMP concentration. Addition of glucose to the PHM mutant does not result in an increase of the intracellular cyclic AMP level and in catabolite inactivation of fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase, malate dehydrogenase and phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase. However, addition of 2,4-dinitrophenol is followed by a rapid, transient increase of the cyclic AMP level in the mutant cells, but not by catabolite inactivation. These results show that a common mechanism might be responsible for catabolite inactivation and glucose-induced cAMP signaling or that glucose-induced cAMP signaling is required for catabolite inactivation in C. maltosa. 相似文献
130.
Trienoic fatty acids, namely -linolenic acid and hexadecatrienoic acid, present in leaf lipids are produced by -3 fatty acid desaturases located in the endoplasmic reticulum and plastid membranes. The changes in the level of trienoic fatty acids during leaf maturation were investigated in wild-type plants of Arabidopsis thaliana (L.) Heynh. and in the fad7 mutant deficient in the activity of a plastid -3 desaturase. The levels of trienoic fatty acids increased in 26 °C- and 15 °C-grown wild-type plants with maturation of leaves. The increase in trienoic fatty acids was mainly due to galactolipids enriched in plastid membranes. In addition, the relative levels of trienoic fatty acids in major glycerolipids, including phospholipids enriched in the endoplasmic reticulum membranes, also increased with leaf maturation. By contrast, when the fad7 mutant was grown at 26 °C, the relative levels of trienoic fatty acids in individual lipids decreased with leaf maturation. The decreases in the levels of trienoic fatty acids, however, were alleviated when the fad7 mutant was grown at 15 °C. These results suggest that the plastid -3 desaturase plays a major role in increasing the levels of trienoic fatty acids with leaf maturation.Abbreviations 163
hexadecatrienoic acid
- 183
-linolenic acid
- DGD
digalactosyldiacylglycerol
- MGD
monogalactosyldiacylglycerol
- PC
phosphatidylcholine
- PE
phosphatidylethanolamine
- TA
trienoic fatty acid
- WT
wild type
- -3
refers to the position of the double bond from the methyl end of a fatty acid
This research was supported in part by Grants-in-Aid for Scientific research (#07251214 and #06804050 to K.I.) from the Ministry of Education, Science and Culture, Japan, and by the research grant from Shorai Foundation. 相似文献