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21.
This paper is the twentieth installment of our annual review of research concerning the opiate system. It summarizes papers published during 1997 that studied the behavioral effects of the opiate peptides and antagonists, excluding the purely analgesic effects, although stress-induced analgesia is included. The specific topics covered this year include stress; tolerance and dependence; eating and drinking; alcohol; gastrointestinal, renal, and hepatic function; mental illness and mood; learning, memory, and reward; cardiovascular responses; respiration and thermoregulation; seizures and other neurologic disorders; electrical-related activity; general activity and locomotion; sex, pregnancy, and development; immunologic responses; and other behaviors. 相似文献
22.
Katsunori Motosaka Masayuki Koganezawa Satoko Narikawa Akira Furuyama Kenji Shinozaki Kunio Isono Ichiro Shimada 《Journal of comparative physiology. A, Neuroethology, sensory, neural, and behavioral physiology》2007,193(2):279-283
Acute choice behavior in ingesting two different concentrations of sucrose in Drosophila is presumed to include learning and memory. Effects on this behavior were examined for four mutations that block associative
learning (dunce, rutabaga, amnesiac, and radish). Three of these mutations cause cyclic AMP signaling defects and significantly reduced taste discrimination. The exception
was radish, which affects neither. Electrophysiological recordings confirmed that the sensitivity of taste receptors is almost indistinguishable
in all flies, whether wild type or mutant. These results suggest that food choice behavior in Drosophila involves central nervous learning and memory operating via cyclic AMP signaling pathways. 相似文献
23.
Preissler T Luft T Kapczinski F Quevedo J Schwartsmann G Roesler R 《Neurochemical research》2007,32(8):1381-1386
Increasing evidence indicates that the gastrin-releasing peptide receptor (GRPR) is implicated in regulating synaptic plasticity
and memory formation in the hippocampus and other brain areas. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying the memory-impairing
effects of GRPR antagonism have remained unclear. Here we report that basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF/FGF-2) rescues
the memory impairment induced by GRPR antagonism in the rat dorsal hippocampus. The GRPR antagonist [D-Tpi6, Leu13 psi(CH2NH)-Leu14] bombesin (6–14) (RC-3095) at 1.0 μg impaired, whereas bFGF at 0.25 μg enhanced, 24 h retention of inhibitory avoidance (IA)
when infused immediately after training into the CA1 hippocampal area in male rats. Coinfusion with an otherwise ineffective
dose of bFGF blocked the memory-impairing effect of RC-3095. These findings suggest that the memory-impairing effects of GRPR
antagonists might be partially mediated by an inhibition in the function and/or expression of neuronal bFGF or diminished
activation of intracellular protein kinase pathways associated with bFGF signaling. 相似文献
24.
Pereira P Vinadé E Rodrigues L De David e Silva TL Ardenghi P da Silva Brum LF Gonçalves CA Izquierdo I 《Neurochemical research》2007,32(7):1150-1155
The participation of protein serine/threonine kinases in memory formation and retrieval is well established. In contrast,
relatively little is known on the role of protein tyrosine kinases (PTKs). Previous work showed that intra-hippocampal infusion
of the Src-PTK inhibitor radicicol inhibits memory acquisition, consolidation, and retrieval of one-trial step-down inhibitory avoidance
task. In this study, we investigated the possible interaction between levels of Src-PTK activity in hippocampus and memory acquisition, formation, and retrieval of this task. Radicicol (0.5 μg/ml) was infused
into the CA1 region of the hippocampus of rats trained in a one-trial step-down inhibitory avoidance task. Radicicol infused
15 min before training decreased Src-PTK activity, as measured 0, 1.5, and 24 h after training, and impaired memory acquisition of the task. When given immediately
after training, there was a decrease in Src-PTK activity 1.5 h, but not 0 or 24 h after training. This treatment depressed memory consolidation. Radicicol infused into
CA1 10 min prior to retrieval testing inhibited hippocampal Src-PTK activity, as measured immediately after the test session. The results suggest that Src-PTKs participate in memory acquisition, consolidation, and retrieval processes, but the timing of the role of the enzyme
is different in each case. 相似文献
25.
Substances such as acetylcholine and glutamate act as both neurotransmitters and neuromodulators. As neuromodulators, they
change neural information processing by regulating synaptic transmitter release, altering baseline membrane potential and
spiking activity, and modifying long-term synaptic plasticity. Slice physiology research has demonstrated that many neuromodulators
differentially modulate afferent, incoming information compared to intrinsic and recurrent processing in cortical structures
such as piriform cortex, neocortex, and the hippocampus. The enhancement of afferent (external) pathways versus the suppression
at recurrent (internal) pathways could cause cortical dynamics to switch between a predominant influence of external stimulation
to a predominant influence of internal recall. Modulation of afferent versus intrinsic processing could contribute to the
role of neuromodulators in regulating attention, learning, and memory effects in behavior. 相似文献
26.
Ruizhi Wang Hongjie Wang Ivan Carrera Shaohua Xu Madepalli K. Lakshmana 《The Journal of biological chemistry》2015,290(14):9299-9309
Brain accumulation of neurotoxic amyloid β (Aβ) peptide because of increased processing of amyloid precursor protein (APP), resulting in loss of synapses and neurodegeneration, is central to the pathogenesis of Alzheimer disease (AD). Therefore, the identification of molecules that regulate Aβ generation and those that cause synaptic damage is crucial for future therapeutic approaches for AD. We demonstrated previously that COPS5 regulates Aβ generation in neuronal cell lines in a RanBP9-dependent manner. Consistent with the data from cell lines, even by 6 months, COPS5 overexpression in APΔE9 mice (APΔE9/COPS5-Tg) significantly increased Aβ40 levels by 32% (p < 0.01) in the cortex and by 28% (p < 0.01) in the hippocampus, whereas the increases for Aβ42 were 37% (p < 0.05) and 34% (p < 0.05), respectively. By 12 months, the increase was even more robust. Aβ40 levels increased by 63% (p < 0.001) in the cortex and by 65% (p < 0.001) in the hippocampus. Similarly, Aβ42 levels were increased by 69% (p < 0.001) in the cortex and by 71% (p < 0.011) in the hippocampus. Increased Aβ levels were translated into an increased amyloid plaque burden both in the cortex (54%, p < 0.01) and hippocampus (64%, p < 0.01). Interestingly, COPS5 overexpression increased RanBP9 levels in the brain, which, in turn, led to increased amyloidogenic processing of APP, as reflected by increased levels of sAPPβ and decreased levels of sAPPα. Furthermore, COPS5 overexpression reduced spinophilin in both the cortex (19%, p < 0.05) and the hippocampus (20%, p < 0.05), leading to significant deficits in learning and memory skills. Therefore, like RanBP9, COPS5 also plays a pivotal role in amyloid pathology in vivo. 相似文献
27.
V.R. CoelhoJ. Gianesini R. Von BorowskiL. Mazzardo-Martins D.F. MartinsJ.N. Picada A.R.S. SantosL.F.S. Brum P. Pereira 《Phytomedicine》2011,18(10):896-901
It is known that (−)-linalool is a competitive antagonist of NMDA receptors, which play a key role in the learning and memory processes; however, only a few studies have reported a possible interference of (−)-linalool in memory. The purpose of this study was to investigate the (−)-linalool effects on acquisition of short- and long-term memories through the objects recognition task, inhibitory avoidance test and habituation to a novel environment. Furthermore, the open field test was used to investigate the interference of (−)-linalool in motivation, locomotion and exploration by animals. Wistar male adult rats received an intraperitoneal injection (i.p.) of saline (NaCl 0.9%), tween 5% or (−)-linalool (50 or 100 mg/kg) before training in the tasks; MK-801 (0.1 mg/kg), a glutamate antagonist, was used as positive control. Short-term (STM) and long-term (LTM) memories were tested 1.5 and 24 h after training, respectively, in the inhibitory avoidance and recognition objects. The results suggested that (−)-linalool (as 50- and 100-mg/kg doses) impaired LTM acquisition, but not STM acquisition, in the object recognition task. In the inhibitory avoidance test, animals receiving linalool (both doses) showed impairment in acquisition of both memories measured. In the open field test, the animals that received (−)-linalool showed no significant difference in the crossings and latency to start the locomotion in any of the doses tested, although (−)-linalool 100 mg/kg reduced rearing behavior. When re-exposed to open field 24 h after training, the rats that received (−)-linalool 100 mg/kg showed no habituation. Taken together, these data suggested that (−)-linalool was able to impair the acquisition of memory in rats, which can be associated to (−)-linalool antagonist capacity as regards NMDA glutamatergic receptors, since other glutamate antagonists also seem to affect memory. 相似文献
28.
Park CM Choi JI Choi JH Kim SY Park WK Seong CM 《Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters》2011,21(2):698-703
Piperazinyl derivatives of 1-(arylsulfonyl)-2,3-dihydro-1H-quinolin-4-ones have been identified with high binding affinities for 5-HT6 receptor. In particular, 2-methyl-5-(N-methyl-piperazin-1-yl)-1-(naphthalene-2-sulfonyl)-2,3-dihydro-1H-quinolin-4-one (8g) exhibits high binding affinity toward 5-HT6 (IC50 = 8 nM) receptor with good selectivity over other serotonin and dopamine receptors. 相似文献
29.
目的:探讨四逆散对疲劳大鼠学习记忆及脑内GABA_B1受体的影响。方法:应用游泳训练和睡眠剥夺方法复制疲劳动物模型,运用Y-迷宫检测各组大鼠的学习记忆能力,采用免疫组化方法检测大鼠脑内GABA_B1受体阳性反应物的变化。结果:模型组与正常组相比,大鼠Y-迷宫正确反应率明显下降,错误反应率明显升高,大鼠脑内GABA_B1的阳性反应物数目明显增多;中药治疗组与模型组相比,正确反应率明显升高,错误反应次数明显下降,脑内GABA_B1受体的阳性反应物数目明显减少。结论:四逆散对疲劳大鼠学习记忆能力的下降具有改善作用。 相似文献
30.
目的:探讨疏肝补肾法对疲劳大鼠学习和记忆力及对海马CA1区神经颗粒素(Neurogranin,Ng)的mRNA表达变化的影响。方法:成年雄性Spargue-Dawley大鼠36只,随机分为模型组(MG)、对照组(CG)、和疏肝补肾组(LK)。采用复合模型:运动疲劳模型与睡眠剥夺法造疲劳大鼠模型。运用Y迷宫进行学习和记忆力的测试。以Real-timePCR技术分析海马CA1区神经颗粒素的mRNA表达。结果:Y迷宫实验显示用药后大鼠的学习和记忆能力优于模型组,而疏肝补肾组大鼠在正确反应率、错误反应次数、达标所需训练次数和总反应时间皆与模型组有差异(分别为P〈0.01、P〈0.01、P〈0.05和P〈0.05),其NgmRNA在海马CA1区的表达也显着高于模型组(P〈0.01)。结论:复合模型会造成大鼠学习和记忆能力受损。疏肝补肾法能显着影响疲劳大鼠的学习记忆能力及海马CA1区Ng的mRNA表达。 相似文献