无创性皮肤屏障功能检测在朗格汉斯细胞组织细胞增生症中的应用

摘要 目的：探讨无创性皮肤屏障功能检测在朗格汉斯细胞组织细胞增生症(Langerhans cell histiocytosis,LCH)中的应用价值。方法：研究时间为2017年1月到2020年12月,选择在本院诊治的朗格汉斯细胞组织细胞增多症患者72例作为LCH组,同期选择健康体检者72例作为对照组。采用无创性皮肤屏障功能检测皮肤水分、经皮水分丢失(Transdermal water loss,TEWL)、油脂水平,同时检测所有入选者的免疫功能、皮肤菌群并进行相关性分析。结果：LCH组的皮肤水分低于对照组(P<0.05),TEWL、油脂水平高于对照组(P<0.05)。LCH组的乳酸杆菌(La)阳性率低于对照组(P<0.05),表皮葡萄球菌(Se)、痤疮丙酸杆菌(Pa)、金黄色葡萄球菌(Sa)阳性率高于对照组(P<0.05)。LCH组的CD163、ki-67表达阳性率分别为77.8 %、52.8 %,高于对照组的19.4 %和6.9 %(P<0.05)。在LCH组中,Pearson相关性分析显示皮肤水分与乳酸杆菌呈现正相关性(P<0.05),TEWL、油脂与表皮葡萄球菌、痤疮丙酸杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、CD163、ki-67呈现正相关性(P<0.05)。结论：无创性皮肤屏障功能检测在朗格汉斯细胞组织细胞增生症中的应用可反映患者的皮肤水分与油脂状况,也可间接反映患者的皮肤微生态与免疫功能状况。     

股前外侧穿支皮瓣与胸腹带蒂皮瓣对手外伤组织缺损修复的应用效果及对创面愈合程度的影响

摘要 目的：探讨股前外侧穿支皮瓣与胸腹带蒂皮瓣对手外伤组织缺损修复的应用效果及对创面愈合程度的影响。方法：选取我院2018年12月到2020年12月共收治的119例手外伤组织缺损患者作为研究对象,随机分为2组,分别为对照组（n=59,应用胸腹带蒂皮瓣修复术）和观察组（n=60,应用股前外侧穿支皮瓣修复术）。对比两组患者治疗优良率,对比两组患者治疗前后手部创面面积、创面愈合程度以及组织愈合时间,对比两组患者治疗后的Jamar握力、TAM和DASH评分情况,对比两组患者的皮瓣成活率、皮瓣危象率和血管吻合时间。结果：通过对比两组患者治疗优良率发现,观察组患者优的人数为21例、良为35例,优良率为93.33%,对照组患者优的人数为16例,良为30例,优良率为77.97%,观察组高于对照组（P＜0.05）;治疗后,与对照组相比,观察组患者的手部创面面积、组织愈合时间和DASH评分显著减少,创面愈合程度以及TAM与Jamar握力显著增加（P＜0.05）;通过对比两组患者的皮瓣成活率、术后皮瓣危象率以及血管吻合时间发现,两组患者的术后皮瓣危象率、血管吻合时间对比无明显差异（P＞0.05）,两组患者的术后皮瓣成活率对比差异显著,观察组明显高于对照组（P＜0.05）。结论：对手外伤组织缺损患者应用股前外侧穿支皮瓣与胸腹带蒂皮瓣修复术均具有明显的修复效果,但是应用股前外侧穿支皮瓣能够提升治疗效果,提升患者创面愈合程度减少愈合时间,提升患者手部运动情况,提升术后皮瓣成活率,值得临床应用推广。     

IMPROV-ED trial: eHealth programme for faster recovery and reduced healthcare utilisation after CABG

Netherlands Heart Journal - After coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG), healthcare utilisation is high and is partly unplanned. eHealth applications have been proposed to reduce healthcare...     

宏基因组学技术在痤疮研究中的应用进展

高通量测序技术的发展提高了人们对微生物组的认识。宏基因组学技术因其全面和深入的分析功能被广泛应用于各种环境微生物组的研究中,尤其在阐明各种疾病与人体微生物组的关系中,宏基因组学技术具有重要作用。痤疮作为一种常见的皮肤疾病,严重影响人们皮肤美观度和心理健康。利用宏基因组学技术挖掘皮肤微生物与痤疮的关系,将有助于痤疮发病机理的研究和临床治疗方法的改进。通过介绍宏基因组学技术的发展背景、概述及其应用研究进展,探讨皮肤微生物与痤疮的关系,综述宏基因组学技术在痤疮研究中的应用现状,并总结目前宏基因组学技术在皮肤疾病研究中存在的问题,旨在为痤疮的宏基因组研究提供参考。     

Adaptive morphological shifts to novel habitats in marine sculpin fishes

Sculpin fishes of the North American Pacific Coast provide an ideal opportunity to examine whether adaptive morphological character shifts have facilitated occupation of novel habitat types because of their well‐described phylogeny and ecology. In this group, the basal‐rooted species primarily occupy the subtidal habitat, whereas the species in the most distal clades are found in the intertidal. We tested multiple evolutionary models to determine whether changes in body size and changes in number of scales are adaptive for habitat use in sculpins. Based on a statistically robust, highly resolved molecular phylogeny of 26 species of sculpins, in combination with morphometric and habitat affinity data, our analyses show that an adaptive model based on habitat use best explains changes in body size and number of scales. The habitat model was statistically supported over models of neutral evolution, stabilizing selection across all habitats, and three clade‐based models. We suggest that loss of scales and reduction of body size in the intertidal may facilitate cutaneous breathing in air when tidepools become hypoxic during low tides. This study demonstrates how the combined use of phylogenetic, ecological and statistical approaches helps to identify traits that are likely adaptive to novel habitats.     

Redox regulation and oxidant activation of heme oxygenase-1

The ultraviolet A (UVA, 320–400 nm) component of sunlight has the potential to generate an oxidative stress in cells and tissue so that antioxidants (both endogenous and exogenous) strongly influence the biological effects of UVA. The expression of several genes (including heme oxygenase-1, HO-1; collagenase; the CL100 phosphatase and the nuclear oncogenes, c-fos and c-jun) is induced following physiological doses of UVA to cells and this effect can be strongly enhanced by removing intracellular glutathione or enhancing singlet oxygen lifetime. We have observed that heme is released from microsomal heme-containing proteins by UVA and other oxidants and that activation of HO-1 expression by UVA correlates with levels of heme release. UVA radiation also leads to an increase in labile iron pools (either directly or via HO-1) and eventual increases in ferritin levels. The role of heme oxygenase in protection of skin fibroblasts is probably an emergency inducible defense pathway to remove heme liberated by oxidants. The slower increase in ferritin levels is an adaptive response which serves to keep labile iron pools low and thereby reduce Fenton chemistry and oxidant-induced chain reactions involving lipid peroxidation. In keratinocytes, the primary target of UVA radiation, heme oxygenase levels are constitutively high (because of HO-2 expression). Since there is a corresponding increase in basal levels of ferritin the epidermis appears to be well protected constitutively against the oxidative stress generated by UVA.     

Role of particle coating in controlling skin damage photoinduced by titania nanoparticles

TiO₂ nanoparticles hazard is associated to their photocatalytic activity causing release of DNA damaging ROS (Reactive Oxygen Species), lipid peroxidation and skin damage. Various coatings have been proposed to minimize photocatalysis, while keeping the potential to block UV radiations. Uncoated and variously coated commercial nano-titania have been classified on the basis of UVB-induced lipoperoxidation of linoleic acid. A selection of the most and the least protective specimens was then examined by ESR (Electron Spin Resonance) to evidence the presence of surface paramagnetic centres and the release of ROS in aqueous suspensions (spin trapping). Paramagnetic centres and ROS were correlated with the extent of lipid peroxidation. When tested on porcine skin (mimicking the human one), titania acted as on linoleic acid. The combined use of lipid peroxidation of simple fatty acids with ESR analysis is here proposed as a possible screening tool for the evaluation of the potential toxicity of nano-titania in sunscreen preparations.     

Relationship between serum reactive oxidative metabolite level and skin reaction in an irradiated rat model

Abstract

Purpose. Ionizing radiation generates free radicals and reactive oxygen species that induce DNA damage in vivo. This study aimed to determine the relationship between serum reactive oxygen metabolite (ROM) levels and skin reaction after irradiation in a rat model. Methods and materials. I. Female Wistar rats were classified into 0 Gy (control), 2 Gy, and 30 Gy groups; serum ROM levels were measured in the very acute phase. II. Other female Wistar rats were classified into 0 Gy (control), 30 Gy, 50 Gy, and 70 Gy groups; serum ROM levels were measured before and 3, 7, 16, 24, 31, and 38 days after irradiation. Skin reaction was evaluated according to the SRS (0–5) twice every week. Results. Serum ROM levels in the subacute phase were significantly higher in the 50 and 70 Gy groups than in the 0 and 30 Gy groups [p = 0.029, repeated-measure analysis of variance (ANOVA)]. As expected, SRSs increased in the order of the 0 Gy, 30 Gy, 50 Gy, and 70 Gy groups and differed significantly among these groups (p < 0.001, repeated-measure ANOVA). Peak serum ROM levels were observed 16 days after irradiation in all irradiated groups and corresponded with the appearance of visible skin reaction after irradiation. Conclusions. Serum ROM levels may be useful for evaluating radiation damage in mammals. Further investigations are required to investigate changes in intracellular metabolism after irradiation at gene and protein levels.     

Changes in anti-heat shock protein 27 antibody and C-reactive protein levels following cardiac surgery and their association with cardiac function in patients with cardiovascular disease

The relationship between serum anti-heat shock protein (Hsp)27 antibody and high sensitive C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) levels and indices of cardiac function were investigated in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) or heart valve replacement. The changes in anti-Hsp27 antibody titers and hs-CRP levels were compared among patients undergoing off-pump and on-pump CABG or valvular heart replacement. Fifty-three patients underwent off-pump, on-pump CABG, and heart valvular replacement in each group. Serum anti-Hsp27 titers and hs-CRP values were measured 24 h before and after the operation and at discharge. Echocardiography was performed before surgery and before discharge. The results were compared with values from 83 healthy controls. hs-CRP levels increased and anti-Hsp27 antibody decreased following surgery (P < 0.001 and P < 0.05, respectively), although these changes were independent of operative procedure (P = 0.361 and P = 0.120, respectively). Anti-Hsp27 antibody levels were higher at the time of discharge (P = 0.016). Only in coronary patients were anti-Hsp27 antibody levels negatively associated with E/E′ (r = −0.268, P = 0.022), a marker of pulmonary capillary wedge pressure. In conclusions, anti-Hsp27 antibody levels are associated with indices of cardiac function in coronary patients. Cardiopulmonary bypass had no significant effect on the induction of changes in anti-Hsp27 levels. Moreover, anti-Hsp27 antibody levels fell in all groups postoperatively; this may be due to the formation of immune complexes of antigen–antibody, and antibody levels were higher at the time of discharge.

Electronic supplementary material

The online version of this article (doi:10.1007/s12192-012-0358-y) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.