隔山消化学成分的研究

从隔山消的石油醚部分分离得到6个芳香类化合物,分别鉴定为2,4-二羟基苯乙酮（1-（2,4-dihy—droxph—enyl）ethanone,1）、奎乙酰苯（acetylquinol,2）、对羟基苯乙酮（1-（4-hydroxyphenyl）ethanone,3）、4-羟基-3-甲氧基苯乙酮（1-（4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl）ethanone,4）、2,4-二羟基-5-甲氧基苯乙酮（1-（2,4-dihydroxy-5-methoxyphenyl）ethanone,5）、3-羟基4-甲氧基苯甲酸（3-hydroxy-4-methoxy—benzoicacid,6）。除化合物2外,其余5个化合物均首次从该植物中分离得到。     

铁皮石斛茎段诱导丛生芽的研究

以铁皮石斛Dendrobium candidum Wall.ex Lindl.的茎段作外植体,比较不同的培养基、激素等因素对茎段分化丛生芽的影响,以及不同浓度的香蕉汁和活性炭对试管苗生根的影响。结果表明：1／2MS较好,BA作用优于KT、ZT,最适浓度为2．0mg/L;丛生芽培养于1／2MS 10％香蕉汁 0．5％AC的培养基上,生根效果最好。     

安徽产石蒜属植物三种酶同工酶的分析

采用聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳技术,首次分析了安徽产石蒜属11个居群6种植物的过氧化物酶、酯酶、苹果酸脱氢酶三种酶同工酶,初步探讨了种间亲缘关系。从分子水平上为石蒜属的分类及系统发育研究提供了有价值的资料。     

A comparative study of ectonucleotidase and P2 receptor mRNA profiles in C6 cell line cultures and C6 <Emphasis Type="Italic">ex vivo</Emphasis> glioma model

Glioblastoma multiforme is the most common type of primary brain tumour and has the worst clinical outcome. Nucleotides represent an important class of extracellular molecules involved in cell proliferation, differentiation and apoptosis. Alterations in purinergic signalling have been implicated in pathological processes, such as cancer, and glioma cell lines are widely employed as a model to study the biology of brain tumours. Increasing evidence, however, suggests that glioma cell lines may not present all the phenotypic and genetic characteristics of the primary tumours. We have compared the biological characteristics of C6 rat glioma cells in culture and the same cells after their implantation in the rat brain and growth in culture (denominated as the C6 ex vivo culture model). Parameters evaluated included cell morphology, differentiation, angiogenic markers, purinergic receptors and ecto-nucleotidase mRNA profile/enzymatic activity. Analysis of the C6 glioma cell line and C6 ex vivo glioma cultures revealed distinct cell morphologies, although cell differentiation and angiogenic marker expressions were similar. Both glioma models co-expressed multiple P2X and P2Y receptor subtypes with some differences. In addition, the C6 glioma cell line and C6 ex vivo glioma cultures exhibited similar extracellular ATP metabolism and cell proliferation behaviour when exposed to cytotoxic ATP concentrations. Thus, the disruption of purinergic signalling is a feature shown not only by glioma cell lineages, but also by primary glioma cultures. Our results therefore suggest the participation of the purinergic system in glioma malignancy. This study was supported by grants from the Brazilian agencies CNPq, FAPERGS and Fundo de Incentivo à Pesquisa e Eventos (HCPA). E. Braganhol and D. Huppes were recipients of Brazilian CNPq fellowships; A. Bernardi was the recipient of a CAPES fellowship.     

Live optical projection tomography

Optical projection tomography (OPT) is a technology ideally suited for imaging embryonic organs. We emphasize here recent successes in translating this potential into the field of live imaging. Live OPT (also known as 4D OPT, or time-lapse OPT) is already in position to accumulate good quantitative data on the developmental dynamics of organogenesis, a prerequisite for building realistic computer models and tackling new biological problems. Yet, live OPT is being further developed by merging state-of-the-art mouse embryo culture with the OPT system. We discuss the technological challenges that this entails and the prospects for expansion of this molecular imaging technique into a wider range of applications.     

Surface disinfection properties of the combination of an antimicrobial peptide,ranalexin, with an endopeptidase,lysostaphin, against methicillin‐resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA)

Aims: To characterize the antibacterial synergy of the antimicrobial peptide, ranalexin, used in combination with the anti‐staphylococcal endopeptidase, lysostaphin, against methicillin‐resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), and to assess the combination’s potential as a topical disinfectant or decolonizing agent for MRSA. MRSA causes potentially lethal infections, and pre‐operative patients colonized with MRSA are often treated with chlorhexidine digluconate and mupirocin cream to eradicate carriage. However, chlorhexidine is unsuitable for some patients, and mupirocin resistance is increasingly encountered, indicating new agents are required. Methods and Results: Using an ex vivo assay, ranalexin and lysostaphin tested in combination reduced viable MRSA on human skin to a greater extent than either compound individually. The combination killed bacteria within 5 min and remained effective and synergistic even in high salt and low pH conditions. Conclusions: The combination is active against MRSA on human skin and under conditions that may be encountered in sweat. Significance and Impact of the Study: Although the exact mechanism of activity remains unresolved, considering its specific spectrum of activity, fast killing kinetics and low likelihood of resistance arising, the combination of ranalexin with lysostaphin warrants consideration as a new agent to eradicate nasal and skin carriage of Staph. aureus, including MRSA.     

小花清风藤的化学成分研究

利用Sephadex LH-20,硅胶柱色谱和硅胶制备薄层色谱等分离方法反复分离纯化,从小花清风藤（Sabia parviflora Wall．ex Roxb）中分离得到9个化合物,通过波谱数据分析分别鉴定它们为二十五烷酸（1）、木栓酮（2）、5-氧阿朴菲碱（3）、3-氧化齐墩果酸甲酯（4）、齐墩果酸（5）、羽扇豆-20（29）-烯-3-酮（6）、羽扇豆醇（7）、β-谷甾醇（8）、脱镁叶绿甲酯酸（9）。化合物2,6、7、9首次从该植物中分离得到。     

播娘蒿种子脂肪油组分的GC-MS分析

播娘蒿[Descurainia sophia（L．）Webb ex Prantl]为十字花科（Cruciferae）播娘蒿属（Descuainia Webb et Berth）1～2年生草本植物,其成熟的种子俗称南葶苈子,为临床常用中药材。葶苈子味辛、苦、大寒,具泻肺降气、祛痰平喘、行水消肿之功效。用于痰涎壅肺、喘咳痰多、胸肋胀满、胸腹水肿、小便不利、肺原性心脏病水肿等症。     

Burn injury suppresses human dermal dendritic cell and Langerhans cell function

Human skin contains epidermal Langerhans cells (LCs) and dermal dendritic cells (DCs) that are key players in induction of adaptive immunity upon infection. After major burn injury, suppressed adaptive immunity has been observed in patients. Here we demonstrate that burn injury affects adaptive immunity by altering both epidermal LC and dermal DC functions. We developed a human ex vivo burn injury model to study the function of DCs in thermally injured skin. No differences were observed in the capacity of both LCs and dermal DCs to migrate out of burned skin compared to unburned skin. Similarly, expression levels of co-stimulatory molecules were unaltered. Notably, we observed a strong reduction of T cell activation induced by antigen presenting cell (APC) subsets that migrated from burned skin through soluble burn factors. Further analyses demonstrated that both epidermal LCs and dermal DCs have a decreased T cell stimulatory capacity after burn injury. Restoring the T cell stimulatory capacity of DC subsets might improve tissue regeneration in patients with burn wounds.