Design and study of lamivudine oral controlled release tablets

The objective of this study was to design oral controlled release matrix tablets of lamivudine using hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) as the retardant polymer and to study the effect of various formulation factors such as polymer proportion, polymer viscosity, and compression force on the in vitro release of drug. In vitro release studies were performed using US Pharmacopeia type 1 apparatus (basket method) in 900 mL of pH 6.8 phosphate buffer at 100 rpm. The release kinetics were analyzed using the zero-order model equation, Higuchi's square-root equation, and the Ritger-Peppas empirical equation. Compatibility of the drug with various excipients was studied. In vitro release studies revealed that the release rate decreased with increase in polymer proportion and viscosity grade. Increase in compression force was found to decrease the rate of drug release. Matrix tablets containing 60% HPMC 4000 cps were found to show good initial release (26% in first hour) and extended the release up to 16 hours. Matrix tablets containing 80% HPMC 4000 cps and 60% HPMC 15,000 cps showed a first-hour release of 22% but extended the release up to 20 hours. Mathematical analysis of the release kinetics indicated that the nature of drug release from the matrix tablets was dependent on drug diffusion and polymer relaxation and therefore followed non-Fickian or anomalous release. No incompatibility was observed between the drug and excipients used in the formulation of matrix tablets. The developed controlled release matrix tablets of lamivudine, with good initial release (20%-25% in first hour) and extension of release up to 16 to 20 hours, can overcome the disadvantages of conventional tablets of lamivudine.     

Effect of polysulfonate resins and direct compression fillers on multiple-unit sustained-release dextromethorphan resinate tablets

The purpose of this work was to investigate the effect of different polysulfonate resins and direct compression fillers on physical properties of multiple-unit sustained-release dextromethorphan (DMP) tablets. DMP resinates were formed by a complexation of DMP and strong cation exchange resins, Dowex 50 W and Amberlite IRP69. The tablets consisted of the DMP resinates and direct compression fillers, such as microcrystalline cellulose (MCC), dicalcium phosphate dihydrate (DCP), and spray-dried rice starch (SDRS). Physical properties of tablets, such as hardness, disintegration time, and in vitro release, were investigated. A good performance of the tablets was obtained when MCC or SDRS was used. The use of rod-like and plate-like particles of Amberlite IRP69 caused a statistical decrease in tablet hardness, whereas good tablet hardness was obtained when spherical particle of Dowex 50 W was used. The plastic deformation of the fillers, such as MCC and SDRS, caused a little change in the release of DMP. A higher release rate constant was found in the tablets containing DCP and Dowex 50 W, indicating the fracture of the resinates under compression, which was attributable to the fragmentation of DCP. However, the release of DMP from the tablets using Amberlite IRP69 was not significantly changed because of the higher degree of cross-linking of the resinates, which exhibited more resistance to deformation under compression. In conclusion, the properties of polysulfonate resin, such as particle shape and degree of cross-linking, and the deformation under compaction of fillers affect the physical properties and the drug release of the resinate tablets. Published: September 30, 2005.     

心可舒片治疗冠心病患者PCI术后焦虑的疗效及对生活质量的影响

目的:探讨心可舒片治疗冠心病(CAD)患者经皮冠状动脉介入(PCI)术后焦虑的疗效及对生活质量的影响。方法:选择2015年1月~2017年1月我院心内科收治的68例行PCI术后合并焦虑的CAD患者并将其随机分为治疗组(n=34)、对照组(n=34)。对照组给予常规药物治疗,治疗组在此基础上给予心可舒片,4片/次,3次/d,治疗周期为3个月。比较两组患者治疗前后血液流变学指标、焦虑症状、生活质量的变化。结果:治疗3个月后,治疗组患者全血黏度、血浆黏度、红细胞压积及血小板聚集率均较治疗前显著下降,且均明显低于对照组(P0.05);治疗1个月后,两组HAMA评分均较治疗前明显减低(P0.05),而两组间比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05);治疗3个月后,治疗组HAMA评分明显低于对照组(P0.05);治疗1、3个月后,两组WHOQOL-BREF各维度评分均较治疗前明显升高(P0.05),且治疗组心理、社会关系维度评分显著高于对照组(P0.05)。结论:心可舒片可改善CAD患者PCI术后合并焦虑患者的血液流变学,缓解焦虑症状,提高患者的生活质量。     

胃肠舒片治疗骨科术后便秘的临床研究

目的:探讨胃肠舒片治疗骨科术后便秘的疗效。方法:共观察骨科术后便秘患者120例,随机分为两组,治疗组口服胃肠舒片,对照组口服复方芦荟胶囊,对比观察两组临床疗效、治疗前后便秘症状总积分和单项症状积分变化及药物毒副作用。结果:治疗组临床治愈率为60%,对照组为40%,治疗组治愈率显著高于对照组(P0.05),治疗后治疗组便秘主要症状总积分为2.22±0.97,明显低于对照组总积分3.18±1.08。治疗后治疗组便秘症状单项积分分别为:大便性状0.52±0.11,排便难度0.50±0.13,排便间隔时间0.48±0.09,每次排便时间0.47±0.04,排便不尽或肛门阻塞感0.25±0.06,对照组便秘症状单项积分分别为:大便性状0.71±0.13,排便难度0.84±0.22,排便间隔时间0.81±0.15,每次排便时间0.79±0.08,排便不尽或肛门阻塞感0.38±0.03,治疗组便秘症状各单项积分均显著低于对照组(P0.05),两组均未见明显毒副作用。结论:胃肠舒片治疗骨科术后便秘具有疗效好,无明显毒副作用的优势。     

索利那新治疗双"J" 管置入后尿路感染症状的疗效观察

目的:观察琥珀酸索利那新对经皮肾镜碎石取石术患者术后留置双"J"管期间发生泌尿系统感染的疗效。方法:回顾性分析133例成功行经皮肾镜碎石取石术并常规留置双"J"管的患者,随机分为治疗组(n=67)和对照组(n=66)。治疗组给予索利那新片治疗,对照组仅给予饮水、休息等常规治疗。所有患者在置管5周后(拔管前一天)均随访并完成血、尿常规检验。结果:治疗组血、尿常规白细胞计数均低于对照组,治疗组均较对照组的泌尿系统的感染发生率低(P0.05)。结论:口服索利那新能有效降低泌尿系统感染的可能性,降低患者在置管期间出现尿频、尿急、血尿、腰部疼痛、发热等并发症的概率,提高患者的生活质量,值得临床推广应用。     

左旋氨氯地平联合综合性心理干预治疗高血压伴围绝经综合征患者的临床观察

目的:探讨左旋氨氯地平联合综合性心理干预治疗高血压伴围绝经综合征患者的临床治疗效果,为临床治疗提供参考。方法:按照随机数字表法将2014年7月-2015年7月三峡大学仁和医院收治的113例高血压伴围绝经综合征患者分为两组,观察组(n=57例)采用左旋氨氯地平联合综合性心理干预,对照组(n=56例)仅予以左旋氨氯地平治疗。治疗1个月后,采用汉密尔顿焦虑量表(HAMA)和抑郁量表(HAMD)评分对两组患者的主要症状改善进行评估,测量两组治疗前后卵巢功能指标促黄体生成素(Luteinizing hormone,LH)、血清促卵泡成熟激素(Follicle stimulating hormone,FSH)以及雌激素(Estrogen,E2),并比较两组患者治疗后的临床疗效。结果:两组患者治疗后的LH、FSH以及E2水平均较治疗前明显改善,且观察组改善的幅度明显优于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。两组治疗后的HAMA、HAMD评分均较治疗前降低,且观察组降低的幅度明显优于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。观察组治疗后的临床疗效优于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:左旋氨氯地平联合综合性心理干预可明显改善患者的负性情绪和提高临床治疗效果,有较高的临床推广价值。     

血必净注射液联合季德胜蛇药片救治烙铁头蛇咬伤的临床分析

目的研究血必净注射液联合季德胜蛇药片救治烙铁头蛇咬伤的临床效果。方法将我院收治的69例烙铁头蛇咬伤患者随机分为治疗组34例和对照组35例,两组患者均给予季德胜蛇药片治疗,治疗组同时加用血必净注射液治疗,观察比较两组治疗效果。结果治疗组的痊愈时间、肢体消肿时间均短于对照组,而且凝血功能指标、血小板计数均优于对照组,差异均具有显著统计学意义(均P0.05)。结论血必净注射液联合季德胜蛇药片救治烙铁头蛇咬伤的临床效果显著,有利于减轻患者中毒症状,并能有效缩短痊愈时间,改善凝血功能,增加血小板数量,值得临床推广运用。     

稳心颗粒联合盐酸决奈达隆片对阵发性房颤患者氧化应激、心肌纤维化和外周血单核细胞Cx40、Cx43的影响

摘要 目的：观察稳心颗粒联合盐酸决奈达隆片对阵发性房颤（PAF）患者氧化应激、心肌纤维化和外周血单核细胞缝隙连接蛋白40（Cx40）信使核糖核酸（mRNA）、缝隙连接蛋白43（Cx43）mRNA的影响。方法：选取2020年3月~2022年12月期间在我院治疗的79例PAF患者为研究对象。按照随机数字表法将患者分为对照组（39例,盐酸决奈达隆片治疗）和研究组（40例,稳心颗粒联合盐酸决奈达隆片治疗）。对比两组房颤（AF）发作次数、静息心率、AF持续时间、氧化应激指标、心肌纤维化指标和外周血单核细胞Cx40mRNA、Cx43mRNA的变化情况。结果：与对照组治疗12周后相比,研究组的AF发作次数更少,静息心率更低,AF持续时间更短,丙二醛（MDA）、Ⅲ型前胶原氨基末端肽（PⅢNP）、基质金属蛋白酶-2（MMP-2）、外周血单核细胞Cx40mRNA、Cx43mRNA更低,超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）更高（P<0.05）。结论：稳心颗粒联合盐酸决奈达隆片治疗PAF患者,可有效改善患者的临床症状,减轻患者的氧化应激、心肌纤维化损伤,调节外周血单核细胞Cx40mRNA、Cx43mRNA水平。     

薛氏4号方联合苯磺酸氨氯地平片治疗湿热侵络型高血压的疗效及对血脂和血液流变学的影响

摘要 目的：观察湿热侵络型高血压患者经苯磺酸氨氯地平片联合薛氏4号方治疗后的疗效及其对血脂和血液流变学的影响。方法：采用随机数字表法将2020年1月~2022年12月期间石家庄市中医院收治的120例湿热侵络型高血压患者分为对照组（n=60,苯磺酸氨氯地平片治疗）及联合组（n=60,对照组基础上接受薛氏4号方治疗）。观察两组治疗4周后的临床疗效,对比两组治疗前、治疗4周后的血压、中医证候积分、血脂和血液流变学情况。结果：联合组的临床总有效率高于对照组（P<0.05）。联合组治疗4周后收缩压（SBP）、舒张压（DBP）低于对照组（P<0.05）。联合组治疗4周后眩晕、头痛、口渴少饮、肢体困重、失眠、心悸、胸闷、肢体麻木中医证候积分低于对照组（P<0.05）。联合组治疗4周后甘油三酯（TG）、总胆固醇（TC）、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（LDL-C）低于对照组,高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（HDL-C）高于对照组（P<0.05）。联合组治疗4周后红细胞聚集指数、血小板最大聚集率、全血高切黏度、全血低切黏度低于对照组（P<0.05）。结论：薛氏4号方联合苯磺酸氨氯地平片治疗湿热侵络型高血压,可提高临床疗效,降低血压,降低中医证候积分,改善血脂和血液流变学。     

三拗片联合布地奈德混悬液雾化吸入对急性支气管炎患儿炎症细胞因子和T淋巴细胞亚群的影响

摘要 目的：观察布地奈德混悬液雾化吸入、三拗片联合治疗对急性支气管炎患儿T淋巴细胞亚群、炎症细胞因子的影响。方法：选取2021年1月到2023年1月期间合肥市第二人民医院收治的急性支气管炎患儿78例,按照双色球法将患儿分为对照组和研究组,各为39例。对照组患儿接受布地奈德混悬液雾化吸入,研究组患儿接受三拗片联合布地奈德混悬液雾化吸入。对比两组疗效、炎症因子水平、临床指标、T淋巴细胞亚群和用药安全性。结果：研究组的临床总有效率高于对照组（P<0.05）。研究组的喘息缓解时间、咳嗽缓解时间、体温正常缓解时间、肺部啰音缓解时间短于对照组（P<0.05）。治疗7 d后,两组降钙素原（PCT）、白细胞介素-8（IL-8）、白细胞介素-6（IL-6）下降,且研究组低于对照组（P<0.05）。治疗7 d后,两组CD8⁺下降,且研究组低于对照组（P<0.05）;两组CD4⁺、CD4⁺/CD8⁺升高,且研究组高于对照组（P<0.05）。两组患儿不良反应对比未见统计学差异（P>0.05）。结论：急性支气管炎患儿采用布地奈德混悬液雾化吸入联合三拗片治疗,有助于缩短临床症状缓解时间,减轻炎症细胞因子水平,调节T淋巴细胞亚群。