Higher frequency of septic shock in septic patients with the 47C allele (rs4880) of the SOD2 gene

Aim

To analyze the effect of the two different versions of the manganese superoxide dismutase gene (SOD2) on sepsis. The SOD2 gene presents the 47C > T single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP; ID: rs4880) which produces MnSOD with different activities. The − 9Val MnSOD (47T allele) is less efficient than the − 9Ala version (47C allele). During sepsis there are abundance of ROS, high SOD2 expression and excess of H₂O₂ synthesis. High concentrations of H₂O₂ could affect the sepsis scenario and/or the sepsis outcome.

Methods

We determined the 47C > T single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) frequencies in 529 critically ill patients with or without sepsis, facing outcome. To collect information on population frequencies, we obtained a pilot 47C > T genotypic and allelic frequencies in a random group of 139 healthy subjects.

Results

We compared the 47C allele carriers (47CC + 47CT genotypes) with 47TT homozygotes and noticed a significant association between 47C allele carriers and septic shock in septic patients (P = 0.025). With an adjusted binary multivariate logistic regression, incorporating 47C > T SNP and the main clinical predictors, we showed high SOFA scores [P < 0.001, OR = 9.107 (95% CI = 5.319–15.592)] and 47C allele [P = 0.011, OR = 2.125 (95% CI = 1.190–3.794)] were significantly associated with septic shock outcome. With this information we presented a hypothesis suggesting that this negative outcome from sepsis is possibly explained by effects on cellular stress caused by 47C allele.

Conclusion

In our population there was a significant higher frequency of septic shock in septic patients with the 47C allele of the SOD2 gene. This higher 47C allele frequency in septic patients with negative outcome could be explained by effects of higher activity MnSOD on cellular stress during the sepsis.     

新建ICU病区医院感染调查分析

目的了解新建ICU病区启用后患者医院感染状况,探讨其流行菌株和易感因素,为预防和控制医院感染提供参考。方法对2005年1月至2006年6月新建ICU病区的患者和环境进行了流行病学调查分析。结果新ICU病区患者医院感染率为36.7%。所有病原菌中鲍氏不动杆菌占28.2%,金黄色葡萄球菌占20.5%,铜绿假单胞菌占15.4%。且环境中空气、陪护人员手、医护人员鼻前庭等亦培养出鲍氏不动杆菌和金黄色葡萄球,药敏显示各菌耐药水平较高。结论医院必须加强室内外环境和空气监控,防止交叉感染,严格无菌侵入性操作和抗生素的使用原则,从而有效减少医院感染的发生。     

Screening of longevity-associated genes based on a comparison between dead and surviving populations

Aim

To investigate longevity-associated genes based on a comparison between dead and surviving populations.

Methods

A total of 71 cases of dead individuals were treated as the death group, and healthy volunteers who were matched with the dead individuals based on sex and age were recruited as the survival group. Alleles of 13 CODIS STR loci were determined using the AmpFLSTR Profiler Plus PCR Amplification Kit. The cross-validation was performed based on differences between the two groups in both frequency values and ages.

Results

The frequency value of the D18S51-17 alleles was significantly higher in the dead group than in the survival group (p < 0.05), and the frequency value of the D2S1338-18 allele was statistically lower in the dead group than in the survival group (p < 0.05). The mean age of the subjects with the D2S1338-18 allele was also significantly higher than that of the subjects without D2S1338-18, and no significant difference was observed with respect to the other three alleles.

Conclusions

The results suggest that D2S1338-18 is associated with longevity.     

机械通气对ICU肺动脉高压伴呼吸衰竭患者血浆脑钠肽水平的影响

目的探讨机械通气对ICU肺动脉高压伴呼吸衰竭患者血浆脑钠肽水平的影响。方法随机抽取86例ICU肺动脉高压伴呼吸衰竭患者分为两组,观察组43例患者应用面罩呼吸机予以辅助呼吸治疗,对照组43例患者行气管插管呼吸机辅助治疗,并对两组患者治疗前后脑钠肽、肺动脉压水平以及并发症发生率进行比较分析。结果治疗后,观察组脑钠肽、肺动脉压力均高于对照组(均P0.01);观察组并发症发生率为6.98%,低于对照组的23.26%(P0.05)。结论 ICU肺动脉高压伴呼吸衰竭患者行气管插管机械通气治疗的临床效果肯定。     

ICU鲍曼不动杆菌感染特点及耐药趋势

目的探讨武义县第一人民医院中心ICU鲍曼不动杆菌（AB）感染特点及耐药情况。方法回顾分析2010年1月至2013年12月该院中心ICU患者分离获得的AB分布、耐药特点及临床患者资料。结果该院ICU共分离获得AB菌343株,主要来源于痰液（占67.35%）,其次是创面分泌物（占11.08%）。AB对常用头孢类、碳青霉烯类、氨基糖苷类、喹诺酮类等药物耐药率高达50%以上,而对多粘菌素E、头孢哌酮/舒巴坦保持敏感性,但后两者的耐药性呈逐年上升趋势。泛耐药（PDR）AB患者血清白蛋白水平明显减低,机械通气时间、抗菌药物应有时间、ICU住院时间明显延长,死亡率增高（P〈0.05）。结论 ICU获得性AB耐药率极高,仅对多粘菌素E、头孢哌酮/舒巴坦具有相对敏感性。白蛋白水平、机械通气时间、应用抗菌药物时间、ICU住院时间等可能与PDRAB感染有关。     

ICU病区耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌感染的流行病学调查

目的通过对ICU病区耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌（MRSA）感染进行流行病学调查,并经过耐药菌谱的分析,探讨临床分离菌株的同源性,为预防和控制医院感染提供参考.方法对2005年3月7日～3月29日ICU病区感染MRSA的10例患者及医院环境进行了流行病学调查分析.结果ICU病区MRSA的感染率为47.6%.且环境中空气、陪护人员手、医务人员等亦培养出MRSA,通过耐药谱分析显示细菌具有高度同源性.结论该次MRSA感染为局部暴发流行.医院必须加强室内外环境和空气监控,防止交叉感染,严格无菌侵入性操作和抗生素的使用原则,从而有效减少MRSA院内感染的发生.     

重症监护病房革兰阴性菌分布及耐药性分析

目的：了解我院重症监护病房革兰阴性菌的分布和耐药情况。方法：WHONET5.6分析585例的革兰阴性菌的细菌培养和药物敏感试验结果。结果：585例革兰阴性菌标本中,排名前五位的是铜绿假单胞菌菌152株（25.98%）,鲍曼不动杆菌111株（18.97%）,肺炎克雷伯菌98株（16.75%）,大肠埃希菌49株（8.38%）,洋葱伯克霍尔德菌39株（6.67%）。这五种病原菌对14中抗生素的药敏试验发现,除了对头孢哌酮/舒巴坦耐药率较低外,对其他抗生素都有不同程度的耐药。结论：革兰阴性菌在感染的病原菌中仍占主要地位,耐药性也很严重,应及时检测病原菌变化及耐药趋势,指导临床合理使用抗生素。     

Rapid and reliable MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry identification of Candida non-albicans isolates from bloodstream infections

Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight (MALDI-TOF) mass spectrometry (MS) fingerprinting has recently become an effective instrument for rapid microbiological diagnostics and in particular for identification of micro-organisms directly in a positive blood culture. The aim of the study was to evaluate a collection of 82 stored yeast isolates from bloodstream infection, by MALDI-TOF MS; 21 isolates were identified also directly from positive blood cultures and in the presence of other co-infecting micro-organisms. Of the 82 isolates grown on plates, 64 (76%) were correctly identified by the Vitek II system and 82 (100%) by MALDI-TOF MS; when the two methods gave different results, the isolate was identified by PCR. MALDI-TOF MS was unreliable in identifying two isolates (Candida glabrata and Candida parapsilosis) directly from blood culture; however, direct analysis from positive blood culture samples was fast and effective for the identification of yeast, which is of great importance for early and adequate treatment.     

危重型蝮蛇咬伤患者在ICU的治疗体会

目的 探讨危重型蝮蛇咬伤患者在ICU的治疗要点.方法对我院近年来收治的36例危重型蝮蛇咬伤患者在ICU监护治疗的临床资料进行分析.结果 36例中,30例痊愈,6例无效.结论 危重型蝮蛇咬伤患者要重视基础疾病的追查与治疗,及时进行重症监测,充分应用现代医学急救技术,同时要发挥中医药的治疗优势和防治后遗症.     

重症监护室烧伤感染患者脓毒症的病原菌分布及影响因素研究

目的:探讨重症监护室(ICU)烧伤感染患者脓毒症的发生情况及病原菌分布,并分析其危险因素,为防治ICU烧伤感染患者脓毒症提供理论依据。方法:收集我院2016年7月-2019年7月期间的86例ICU烧伤感染患者的临床资料,依据是否发生脓毒症,将其分为脓毒症组和非脓毒症组,比较两组的基本资料等情况,分析ICU烧伤感染患者脓毒症的发生率及病原菌分布,并分析ICU烧伤感染患者脓毒症发生的影响因素。结果:86例ICU烧伤感染患者中有33例发生脓毒症,发生率为38.37%;ICU烧伤感染患者脓毒症病原菌主要是革兰阴性杆菌(占54.55%),其次是革兰阳性球菌(占42.42%);单因素结果分析发现,烧伤至入院时间、合并糖尿病、吸入性损伤、首次手术时间以及烧伤面积与ICU烧伤感染患者脓毒症的发生有关(P<0.05);多因素Logistic回归分析发现,首次手术时间>2d、TBSA>50%是ICU烧伤感染患者脓毒症发生的独立危险因素(P<0.05)。结论:ICU烧伤感染患者易发生脓毒症,首次手术时间>2d以及TBSA>50%是其发生的独立危险因素,临床应采取针对性预防措施,以降低ICU烧伤感染患者脓毒症发生率。