全文获取类型
收费全文 | 2244篇 |
免费 | 183篇 |
国内免费 | 36篇 |
出版年
2023年 | 28篇 |
2022年 | 12篇 |
2021年 | 38篇 |
2020年 | 47篇 |
2019年 | 91篇 |
2018年 | 68篇 |
2017年 | 77篇 |
2016年 | 65篇 |
2015年 | 90篇 |
2014年 | 109篇 |
2013年 | 136篇 |
2012年 | 90篇 |
2011年 | 108篇 |
2010年 | 92篇 |
2009年 | 149篇 |
2008年 | 143篇 |
2007年 | 122篇 |
2006年 | 119篇 |
2005年 | 90篇 |
2004年 | 80篇 |
2003年 | 71篇 |
2002年 | 60篇 |
2001年 | 58篇 |
2000年 | 48篇 |
1999年 | 58篇 |
1998年 | 48篇 |
1997年 | 37篇 |
1996年 | 37篇 |
1995年 | 35篇 |
1994年 | 26篇 |
1993年 | 23篇 |
1992年 | 24篇 |
1991年 | 25篇 |
1990年 | 22篇 |
1989年 | 13篇 |
1988年 | 10篇 |
1987年 | 17篇 |
1986年 | 16篇 |
1985年 | 11篇 |
1984年 | 11篇 |
1983年 | 8篇 |
1982年 | 9篇 |
1981年 | 5篇 |
1980年 | 11篇 |
1979年 | 4篇 |
1978年 | 3篇 |
1977年 | 4篇 |
1976年 | 3篇 |
1975年 | 4篇 |
1973年 | 4篇 |
排序方式: 共有2463条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
31.
Optimization of biolistic method for transient gene expression and production of agronomically useful transgenic Basmati rice plants 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
We have developed a reproducible biolistic procedure for the efficient transformation of embryogenic suspension cells of an improved aromatic Indica rice variety, Pusa Basmati 1. The -glucuronidase gene was used to assay transient transformation; other plasmids carrying either a potato protease inhibitor 2 (Pin2) gene, or a late embryogenesis-abundant protein (LEA3) gene from barley, were used for the optimization of biolistic process and transgenic plant production. After optimization of the procedure, over 600 transient transformants and at least five fertile plants showing integrative transformation were obtained per bombarded filter. At least 30% of the plants were derived from independent transformation events. The new improved procedure involves the use of a reporter gene or other useful genes driven by the strong rice actin 1 gene (Act1) promoter, osmotic pre-conditioning of cells for 24 h on medium supplemented with 0.25 M mannitol prior to bombardment, use of gold particles for DNA delivery, and use of plant regeneration medium with high (1.0%) agarose concentration. 相似文献
32.
33.
Isabel Allona Carmen Collada Rosa Casado Javier Paz-Ares Cipriano Aragoncillo 《Plant molecular biology》1996,32(6):1171-1176
Ch3, an endochitinase of 32 kDa present in Castanea sativa cotyledons, showed in vitro antifungal properties when assayed against Trichoderma viride. The characterization of a cDNA clone corresponding to this protein indicated that Ch3 is a class Ib endochitinase that is synthesized as a preprotein with a signal sequence preceding the mature polypeptide. Bacterial expression of mature Ch3 fused to the leader peptide of the periplasmic protein ompT resulted in active Ch3 enzyme. A plate assay was adapted for semi-quantitative determination of chitinase activity secreted from cultured bacteria, which should facilitate the identification of mutants with altered capacity to hydrolyse chitin. 相似文献
34.
35.
用HBsAgRPHA做为模式,选用羊、火鸡、鹅、人O型血球为载体,醛化后分成致敏和不致敏两种,与异嗜性抗体、中国生物制品药品检定所的参比品等作凝集试验。结果表明,无论特异性还是灵敏度都以人O型血球为最佳。在此基础上,设计了五种醛化方法处理人O型血球,共得出18个醛化样品,经73种不同的比较试验,筛选出最佳醛化方法为改良丙酮醛──甲醛法,采用该法醛化后血球为褐色,阴性血清和空白对照背景清晰,血球沉集点致密,下滑程度好。致敏抗—HBsMcAb后,使HBsAg灵敏度达到1~2ng/ml。为制备高质量的血凝试剂提供了最佳载体。 相似文献
36.
37.
Plant defence systems induced by ozone 总被引:29,自引:9,他引:20
J. KANGASJÄRVI J. TALVINEN M. UTRIAINEN R. KARJALAINEN 《Plant, cell & environment》1994,17(7):783-794
Recent advances in the understanding of the molecular basis of plant response to ozone attack are reviewed. Plants grown in elevated atmospheric ozone are known to undergo several biochemical changes before any actual damage can be detected. These reactions include increases in the activities of enzymes associated with general plant defence mechanisms. Ozone exposure often causes a surge in the production of the plant hormone ethylene, as well as changes in polyamine metabolism and increases in the activities of several phenylpropanoid and flavonoid pathway enzymes. The activities of superoxide dismutase and peroxidases that protect cells from the oxidative damage caused by hydroxyl radicals, H2O2 and superoxides also increase. However, ozone-induced changes in plant cells at the gene level are almost unknown. The limited data available suggest close similarities between ozone-induced and pathogen-induced defence responses in plants. Several general defence genes that have been cloned in other studies will soon be applied to studies of gene expression in ozone-exposed plants. The use of molecular biological tools in ozone research should enable the development of highly specific and sensitive molecular markers for biomonitoring ozone-induced injuries in plants. 相似文献
38.
Summary The chloroplast ribosomal intron of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii encodes a sequence-specific DNA endonuclease (I-CreI), which is most probably involved in the mobility of this intron. Here we show that I-CreI generates a 4 by staggered cleavage just downstream of the intron insertion site. The I-CreI recognition sequence is 19–24 by in size and is located asymmetrically around the intron insertion site. Screening of natural variants of the I-CreI recognition sequence indicates that the I-CreI endonuclease tolerates single and even multiple base changes within its recognition sequence. 相似文献
39.
Carla Caruso Carlo Caporale Elia Poerio Angelo Facchiano Vincenzo Buonocore 《Journal of Protein Chemistry》1993,12(4):379-386
The amino acid sequence of wheatwin1, a monomeric protein of 125 residues isolated from wheat kernel (variety S. Pastore), is reported. Wheatwin1 is highly homologous (95%) to barwin, a protein from barley seed, which was shown to be related to the C-terminal domain of two proteins encoded by the wound-induced geneswin1 andwin2 in potato and to a protein encoded by the same domain of the hevein gene (hev1) in rubber tree. Similarly to barwin, wheatwin1 contains six cysteine residues all linked in disulfide bridges and the N-terminal residue is pyroglutamate. Moreover, structural studies performed on wheatwin1 andwin1 protein by predictive methods demonstrated that these proteins and barwin are closely related in the secondary structure also. The high level of homology found with the product ofwin1,win2, andhev1 genes strongly suggests that barwin and wheatwin1 play a common role in the mechanism of plant defence. 相似文献
40.
JOHN ALCOCK 《Ecological Entomology》1993,18(1):1-6
Abstract.
- 1 Males of Hermetia comstocki Williston compete for territorial control of certain agaves and yuccas. Winners copulate with females that visit these plants solely to acquire a mate.
- 2 Males vary in body weight by more than an order of magnitude and larger flies almost always defeat smaller ones in aerial contests for control of landmark territories.
- 3 The mean body size (as measured by wing-length) was significantly greater for males retaining residency at a site for at least one hour compared to males unable to do so. Likewise, males able to return to a perch site in the study area on more than one day were larger on average than males unable to do so.
- 4 Male preferences for landmark territories remained similar across years. Large males dominated the perch landmarks most likely to be occupied by males and most likely to be visited by females.
- 5 Despite the fighting and territorial advantages enjoyed by large males, the mean size of males found mating with females was not significantly larger than that of the general population.
- 6 The apparent failure of large males to secure a statistically significant mating advantage may be a statistical consequence of the small sample size of males observed mating. On the other hand, any mating advantage of large males may be reduced because (a) receptive females visit many different landmarks, (b) females mate with the first male they encounter at a landmark, regardless of his size, (c) there are usually many vacant landmarks available for smaller males, and (d) even popular territories are often open to small males, thanks to the low site-tenacity of territory owners.