后蕊苣苔属花粉形态的补充研究

首次对后蕊苣苔属(Opithandra)文采后蕊苣苔(O. wentsaii)、龙南后蕊苣苔(O. burttii)和裂檐苣苔(O. pumila)的花粉进行扫描电镜研究。结果表明:三者花粉形状与外壁纹饰差异显著。在前人研究基础上,综合花粉形状及外壁纹饰特征,将后蕊苣苔属花粉分为四大类群:第一大类群包括O. burttii、O. sinohenryi、O. primuloides和O. fargesii,该类群花粉近球形,网状纹饰,网脊较宽,宽度不均匀; 第二大类群包括 O. acaulis和O. pumila,该类群花粉近球形,网状纹饰不明显,刺密且显著; 第三大类群包括O. dalzielii、O. cinerea和O. dinghushanensis,该类群花粉近球形或扁球形,网状纹饰,网脊较窄,宽度均匀; 第四大类群包括O. wentsaii和O. obtusidentata,该类群花粉长椭圆球形,网状纹饰,网脊较窄,宽度均匀。结果与王文采对该属的分类系统不完全一致,对该属分类提出一些建议。     

Confirmation of a natural hybrid species in Petrocosmea (Gesneriaceae) based on molecular and morphological evidence

A natural hybrid species in Petrocosmea named Longianthera in Yanshan County,Yunnan Province is confirmed for the first time based on molecular and morphological evidence.The character count procedure of the variable characters show that Longianthera populations are characteristic of the intermediate morphological traits between its putative parents Yanshan and Petrocosmea martinii.The nuclear ribosomal internal transcribed spacer region and three chloroplast regions of matK,trnL-F,and trnT-L are sequenced in the putativehybrid and the related species.Both alignment of DNA sequences and the phylogenetic trees could exclude all the other species in Petrocosmea as the parental species except for Yanshan and P martinii.Eight haplotypes in the 31 internal transcribed spacer sequences and six haplotypes in 42 cpDNA sequences were found from 14 individuals of Longianthera populations.The analyses of DNA sequences,haplotypes,and phylogenetic trees indicate that Longianthera is likely a hybrid species between its putative parents Yanshan and P martinii,in which Yanshan might be the most possible maternal parent.Several factors may contribute to the natural hybridization between these two parental species in Petrocosmea,such as the overlapped geographic distribution,habitats,flowering periods,and shared pollinators.Finally,the new species of Yanshan and the natural hybrid species of Longianthera are described.     

单种属弥勒苣苔属系统位置研究 基于分子和细胞学数据

弥勒苣苔属是苦苣苔科的单种属,仅分布于中国西南部。为探讨弥勒苣苔在苦苣苔亚科中的系统位置,我们选择了苦苣苔亚科116个类群,外类群为苦苣苔亚科以外的7个物种。用最大简约法（MP）和贝叶斯分析（BI）,对以上类群的核基因ITS以及两个叶绿体基因trnL-F、atpB-rbcL数据进行了独立和联合分析。在三个片段联合分析的结果中,弥勒苣苔与马铃苣苔属、后蕊苣苔属、金盏苣苔属、直瓣苣苔属以及川鄂粗筒苣苔构成一个强烈支持的分枝。MP树中,此分枝为并系,而在BI分析中,弥勒苣苔与川鄂粗筒苣苔、直瓣苣苔属互为姐妹类群。同时,第一次报道了弥勒苣苔的染色体数目（2n=34）。根据前人报道,马铃苣苔属、后蕊苣苔属、粗筒苣苔属和直瓣苣苔属的染色体数目同为2n=34,这进一步支持我们的分子系统发育分析。     

A new acorane sesquiterpenes of Lysionotus pauciflorus maxim. Form Guizhou province,China

A new acorane sesquiterpene (1), together with fourteen known compounds were isolated from the whole plant of Lysionotus pauciflorus Maxim. The chemical structures of the compounds were identified by physio-chemical properties and 1D-NMR, 2D-NMR, ESI-MS, IR and ECD spectra. Among them, six compounds (1, 4, 6, 7, 13, 15) were first found in the genus Lysionotus. The chemotaxonomic significance of the isolated compounds in the genus Lysionotus and family Gesneriaceae were discussed.     

单种属弥勒苣苔属系统位置研究：基于分子和细胞学数据

弥勒苣苔属是苦苣苔科的单种属,仅分布于中国西南部。为探讨弥勒苣苔在苦苣苔亚科中的系统位置,我们选择了苦苣苔亚科116个类群,外类群为苦苣苔亚科以外的7个物种。用最大简约法（MP）和贝叶斯分析（BI）,对以上类群的核基因ITS以及两个叶绿体基因trnL-F、atpB-rbcL数据进行了独立和联合分析。在三个片段联合分析的结果中,弥勒苣苔与马铃苣苔属、后蕊苣苔属、金盏苣苔属、直瓣苣苔属以及川鄂粗筒苣苔构成一个强烈支持的分枝。MP树中,此分枝为并系,而在BI分析中,弥勒苣苔与川鄂粗筒苣苔、直瓣苣苔属互为姐妹类群。同时,第一次报道了弥勒苣苔的染色体数目（2n=34）。根据前人报道,马铃苣苔属、后蕊苣苔属、粗筒苣苔属和直瓣苣苔属的染色体数目同为2n=34,这进一步支持我们的分子系统发育分析。     

苦苣苔科三萜类化学成分研究进展

本文综述了苦苣苔科植物的生物活性和三萜类化学成分的研究进展,并找出了从8种苦苣苔科植物中分离得到的27个三萜类化合物的构型规律。     

Inflorescence development of Whytockia (Epithemateae, Gesneriaceae) and phylogenetic implications within Gesneriaceae

 The inflorescence development in Whytockia has been studied in order to explore the developmental basis for inflorescence architecture. The developmental pattern of the pair-flowered cyme in Whytockia basically conforms to that of most members in Gesneriaceae. However, the additional flower beside the terminal one in Whytockia is not equivalent to the frontal flower as in other Gesneriaceae because the former is located in the front-lateral position while the latter is in the front-median position. Also, the zigzag monochasial branching system in Whytockia represents the consecutive front-lateral branches rather than the lateral branches as in other Gesneriaceae. The inflorescence in Whytockia is flowering in a basipetal sequence, and its seemingly acropetal flowering sequence is due to the vigorous development of the consecutive front-lateral branches. In addition, the inflorescence of Whytockia does not represent the basic unit of the inflorescence in Epithemateae, and it is derived as compared to that of Rhynchoglossum. The development relationships of the inflorescence between Whytockia and its allies in Epithemateae are discussed on the basis of developmental and comparative evidence. Received February 15, 2002; accepted September 17, 2002 Published online: December 11, 2002     

广西苦苣苔科四种植物的染色体数目报道

首次报道了产于广西的苦苣苔科(Gesneriaceae)4属4种植物的染色体数目。其中,(1)单座苣苔属(Metabriggsia):单座苣苔(M.ovalifolia)的染色体数目2n=24;(2)异裂苣苔属(Pseudochirita):异裂苣苔(P.guangxiensis)的染色体数目为2n=28;(3)长蒴苣苔属(Didymocarpus):东南长蒴苣苔(D.hancei)的染色体数目为2n=20;(4)唇柱苣苔属(Chirita):弄岗唇柱苣苔(Ch.longgangensis)的染色体数目为2n=28。4种植物的染色体大多数为小型染色体。     

The ontogeny of Aeschynanthus seeds – a comparative study using scanning electron microscopy

Seed morphology in the genus Aeschynanthus (Gesneriaceae) is important in sectional classification. The number and type of appendages at the hilar end of the seed, papilla structure and testa cell orientation are all significant. SEM studies of seed and appendage development, at seven-day intervals from pre-pollination to maturity, were carried out in order to investigate possible sectional and seed type relationships. Fifteen species, representing six sections, were examined. Results show that there are no significant differences pre-pollination but two patterns were evident post-pollination, for both seed and hilar appendage development. Pattern I occurred in sects Microtrichium and Haplotrichium s.s . Pattern II was seen in sects. Aeschynanthus , Diplotrichium and Polytrichium . Patterns were less clear in species belonging to a group not yet circumscribed and here referred to as sect. X , but most closely resembled Pattern II. This study shows that the orientation of the testa cells is a developmental feature, defining the two major clades in the genus. It also shows that, in the two sections possessing more than one hilar appendage, there is initial development of one appendage relative to the coma in sect. Polytrichium and of one appendage relative to the second in sect. Diplotrichium . The results of this study are discussed with respect to molecular and morphological findings, and the evolutionary significance considered. © 2002 The Linnean Society of London, Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society , 138 , 197–207.     

Tremacron hongheense,a New Species of Gesneriaceaefrom Southeastern Yunnan,China

A new species of Gesneriaceae from Honghe County, Southeastern Yunnan, China, Tremacron hongheense WH. Chen & YM. Shui, is described and illustrated. The new species is similar to Tremacron forrestii Craib, but differs by its leaf blade adaxially sparsely long setose (vs. densely white appressed pubescent and sparsely rusty brown villous), corolla tube outside short white glandular (vs. nearly glabrous), corolla lobes red and thickening at apex, especially adaxial lip (vs. yellow and not thickening), stamens 16-18cm long (vs. 04-12cm long), staminode 05-14cm long (vs. 02-04cm long).