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41.
J. Del-Favero M. Vauterin G. Weyens K. E. Edwards M. Jacobs 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》1994,88(3-4):449-453
A yeast artificial chromosome (YAC) genomic library of Beta vulgaris was constructed in the pYAC4 vector. High-molecular-weight DNA was prepared from agarose-embedded leaf protoplasts from a triploid cultivar. The library was found to contain 33,500 clones in an ordered array of microtiter plates. Mean size of the inserts was estimated to be 135 kb, and the library should therefore represent the equivalent of five haploid genomes. The library was characterised for the presence of highly repetitive, chloroplast and single-copy sequences. In order to isolate single-copy sequences, 18 pools of DNA, each from 1920 individual YAC clones, were prepared for rapid screening of the library by the polymerase chain reaction. The results of these screenings showed that the number of isolated clones was at or near the frequency expected. 相似文献
42.
G. M. Littlejohn R. de V. Pienaar 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》1994,88(8):949-955
Thinopyrum distichum is indigenous to the southern and south western coastal shores of South Africa. Like many of the Thinopyrum species it can be hybridized with wheat. The resulting progeny treated with colchicine produce fertile amphiploids. The need to distinguish the Th. Distichum chromosomes from one another and from those of wheat prompted the investigation of the C-band distribution. The chromosome pairs of Th. distichum were distiguishable from each other and from those of wheat using C-band patterns, morphology and size as identification criteria. The chromosomes ranged from heterobrachial to metacentric with interstitial and telomeric C-bands. The C-band patterns of Th. distichum were similar, but not identical, to those of other Thinopyrum species. 相似文献
43.
U. Bässler U. Nothof 《Journal of comparative physiology. A, Neuroethology, sensory, neural, and behavioral physiology》1994,175(1):23-33
In the artificially closed femur-tibia control system of stick insects oscillations were induced in 3 different ways: Increasing the phase-shift by introducing an electronic delay, afference sign reversal and coupling the tibia to an inert mass. In all 3 cases the oscillations stopped after some time. The gain of the open-loop system was significantly smaller after the oscillations. Afference sign reversal by surgically crossing of the receptor apodeme of the femoral chordotonal organ for 25–85 days does not lead to altered characteristics of the control loop. When sinusoidal passive movements are forced upon the intact femur-tibia joint the forces resisting these movements do not decrease with time. In contrast to direct stimulation of the femoral chordotonal organ, these passive movements also influence the contralateral leg. The experiments show that the gain-control system of the femur-tibia control loop of stick insects consists of at least two components: A sensitization system (with inputs from many kinds of stimuli indicating some kind of disturbance) increases the gain of all reflex loops. A specific habituation-like system decreases the gain with repetitive stimulation only of one control system.Abbreviations fCO
femoral chordotonal organ
- SETi
slow extensor tibiae motor neuron 相似文献
44.
蕉类的细胞遗传学研究 总被引:18,自引:1,他引:17
本文对芭蕉属正蕉组内的一些有代表性的野生种和包括香蕉,大蕉在内的二倍体和三倍体食用栽培蕉,共18个材料进行了核型比较分析,对其中5个重要的栽培蕉品种的花粉母细胞减数分裂进行了观察,从核型、染色体配对以及染色体 特殊分离行为等3个方面得到的证据表明,并非所有香蕉才同源三倍体,有一些香蕉品种的3个染色体组之间同源程度很低, 通过对一些特征染色体的分析,推测这种香蕉的单染色体组很可能来自BB野生蕉、大蕉 相似文献
45.
利用染色体配对分析和酯酶及种子醇溶蛋白电泳分析研究了我国育成的11个八倍体小偃麦,结果表明:(a)来源于小麦和中间偃麦草杂交后代的6个部分双二倍体中,中1和中2的偃麦草染色体组不同于中3、中4、中5和小偃78829的偃麦草染色体组;(b)来源于小麦和长穗偃麦草杂交后代的5个部分双二倍体中,小偃784的偃麦草染色体组不同于小偃693和小偃7631中的偃麦草染色体组,表明在长穗偃麦草中有两个互不相同又不同于小麦的染色体组E和F,而小偃7430和小偃68中的偃麦草染色体组很可能是E和F染色体组的重组体;(c)小偃784中的长穗偃麦草染色体组和中5及小偃78829中的中间偃麦草染色体组基本相同,而中2的中间偃麦草染色体组不同于小偃693和小偃7631中的长穗偃麦草染色体组F,这意味着在长穗偃麦草和中间偃麦草中可能只有一个共同的染色体组E。部分双二倍体中酯酶及醇溶蛋白偃麦草染色体特征带的存在和发现,为这些染色体或其片段导入小麦后的鉴定提供了方便。 相似文献
46.
从印度木薯花叶病毒(ICMV)侵染的植物中纯化特异的核酸,经RNAase,DNAasc,Nucle-aseSl,ExonucleaseⅢ和EcoRI酶切,Southern和Dotblots杂交证实,在感病的植株中,存在两种形式的病毒核酸:环状双链DNA和环状单链DNA,后者可能是病毒DNA的(-)链,环状双链DNA经限制性内切酶作用可得2.7kb的线性双链DNA纯化的病毒核酸含DNA1和DNA2两个分子量相近的组份。 相似文献
47.
48.
A. Kleinhofs A. Kilian M. A. Saghai Maroof R. M. Biyashev P. Hayes F. Q. Chen N. Lapitan A. Fenwick T. K. Blake V. Kanazin E. Ananiev L. Dahleen D. Kudrna J. Bollinger S. J. Knapp B. Liu M. Sorrells M. Heun J. D. Franckowiak D. Hoffman R. Skadsen B. J. Steffenson 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》1993,86(6):705-712
A map of the barley genome consisting of 295 loci was constructed. These loci include 152 cDNA restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP), 114 genomic DNA RFLP, 14 random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD), five isozyme, two morphological, one disease resistance and seven specific amplicon polymorphism (SAP) markers. The RFLP-identified loci include 63 that were detected using cloned known function genes as probes. The map covers 1,250 centiMorgans (cM) with a 4.2 cM average distance between markers. The genetic lengths of the chromosomes range from 124 to 223 cM and are in approximate agreement with their physical lengths. The centromeres were localized to within a few markers on all of the barley chromosomes except chromosome 5. Telomeric regions were mapped for the short (plus) arms of chromosomes 1, 2 and 3 and the long (minus) arm of chromosomes 7.This research was also supported by other members of the NABGMP: K. Kasha, Department of Crop Science, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada NIG 2W1; W. Kim, Agriculture Canada Research Station, 195 Dafoe Road, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada R3T 2M9; A. Laroche, Agriculture Canada Research Station, P.O. Box 3000 Main, Lethbridge, Alberta, Canada,TU 4B1; S. Molnar, Plant Research Centre Agriculture Canada, Central Experimental farm, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada K1A 0C6; G. Scoles, Department of Crop Science, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada S7N OWOThis research is part of the North American Barley Genome Mapping Project, R. A. Nilan and K. Kasha, Coordinator and Associate Coordinator, respectively
Permanent address: Department of Plant Genetics, NI Vavilov Institute of General Genetics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 相似文献
49.
鱼类远缘杂交正反交杂种胚胎发育差异的细胞遗传学分析 总被引:19,自引:0,他引:19
本文报道了鲤(Cyprinus carpio)×鲢(Hypophthalmichthys molitrix)、鲫(Carassiusauratus)×鲢、白鲫(Carassius auratus cuvieri)×鲢和鲢×鲤、鲢×鲫、鲢×白鲫的正反交试验。在鲤×鲢、鲫×鲢和白鲫×鲢3个正交组中,胚胎发育基本正常,尽管孵出的鱼苗绝大多数生命力弱,但孵化率都在50%左右;而在鲢×鲤、鲢×鲫和鲢×白鲫3个反交组中,胚胎发育均为畸形,不能孵化出苗。 胚胎发育细胞遗传学分析表明,鲤×鲢、鲫×鲢和白鲫×鲢的杂种胚胎几乎都是整倍体,而鲢×鲤、鲢×鲫×鲢×白鲫的杂种胚胎基本上是非整倍体,染色体数变化较大。这些正反交杂种胚胎发育的显著差异可能与其亲本物种间的基因组大小有关。文中还分析讨论了这些正反交差异与天然多倍体物种以及胚胎发育速度的相关性,认为天然多倍体物种可能具有一些不同于普通二倍体物种协调外源基因组的能力。 相似文献
50.
J. Bastow Wilson Mick J. Crawley Mike E. Dodd Jonathan Silvertown 《Plant Ecology》1996,124(2):183-190
Repeated patterns, of a type that would be expected to result from limitations to species coexistence (i.e. assembly rules) were sought in the Park Grass experiment. This classical grassland experiment was sampled in two years, using replicated biomass samples. Variance in a number of measures was examined, and compared to the variance expected under appropriate null models, the latter based on assumptions of no interactions between species. In each case, an assembly rule would result in low variance. Examining variance in species richness between quadrats within a treatment, there was no indication of constraint on species co-occurrences; variance in richness was actually greater than expected under the null model, attributable to environmental variation or perhaps positive interactions between species. However, there was control on biomass, evidenced by variance in total biomass (i.e. over all species) within a treatment being significantly lower than expected under the null model. There was no indication of community structure based on guilds (i.e. functional types). Although there was in 1991 some, non-significant, indication of a constant proportion of species from the legume guild, there was no sign of such an effect in 1992. Searches for intrinsic guilds failed to converge. There was no indication at all of constancy in the proportional representation of guilds by biomass. Thus, there is good evidence for competitive control on plant growth, but none for control of species occurrences. There is no convincing evidence for guild structure in this community at the scale sampled. Possible conflict is discussed between the existence of evidence for temporal stability but the absence of evidence for spatial uniformity. It is concluded that most of the mechanisms proposed for temporal stability will not necessarily lead to control on spatial variation. For many mechanisms, this would depend on the spatial scale examined. 相似文献