Seasonal incidence of hospital admissions for Stanford type A aortic dissection

The objective of this study was to test the hypothesis that there is seasonal variation in the incidence of Stanford type A aortic dissection (SA-AoD) among patients admitted to our cardiovascular surgical service. A sinusoidal logistic regression model was used to analyze event data for 6081 calendar days. A cyclic peak risk for SA-AoD was observed for calendar day 304 (p?=?0.019). The odds ratios for the 3- and 6-month window surrounding this peak were 1.6 (p?=?0.054) and 1.7 (p?=?0.0040), respectively. Our results suggest than a seasonal variation exists in the incidence of SA-AoD.     

How Animals Play Hide and Seek: A Game of Survival

Many topics in the secondary science classroom can be difficult to introduce to students in a manner that fully engages them, especially when presented using traditional teaching methods. However, with a little innovation and an emphasis on inquiry, even dry subjects can be presented in an appealing way. The authors developed an inquiry-based exercise that teaches students about flower anatomy and dissection. During this exercise, students investigate the morphology of simple and composite flowers using digital microscopes. Dissection of a simple flower results in a count of floral parts that is used to construct a floral formula. Students use appearance of structures to suggest function of sepals, petals, anthers, pistils, and components. Investigation of composite and bilabiate flowers introduces concepts of inflorescence and symmetry and asymmetry. Following self-guided inquiry by the students, the teacher uses a digital microscope, computer, and LCD projector to lead discussion of what was observed and to help assimilate important concepts.     

Recovery of dissected C-band regions in Crepis chromosomes

Summary Chromosome samples were prepared on a plastic coverslip covered with a polyester membrane and were subjected to the C-banding treatment. The C-band pattern was obtained after Giemsa staining. The C-band positive regions of the Crepis chromosomes were identified, dissected out by irradiation with a micro-laser beam and recovered in Eppendorf tubes.     

手术治疗摩洛哥儿童睡眠呼吸障碍的临床研究

目的:观察鼻内镜下腺样体切除术或联合扁桃体切除术对摩洛哥儿童睡眠呼吸障碍的疗效,探讨儿童睡眠呼吸障碍治疗的手术适应症。方法:136例病例分成2组,治疗组85例睡眠呼吸障碍伴慢性扁桃体炎、或扁桃体Ⅲ°肥大的儿童,行鼻内镜下腺样体切除加扁桃体切除术;对照组51例睡眠呼吸障碍伴单纯扁桃体扁桃体Ⅱ°肥大的儿童,采用鼻内镜下腺样体切除,术后随访3个月。结果:治疗组总有效率为100%(85/85),对照组84.31%(43/51),差异有统计学意义(P0.05);两组患儿的Conners儿童行为量表评分较术前明显下降,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:鼻内镜下腺样体切除术联合扁桃体切除术,明显改善患儿睡眠和呼吸,生活质量明显提高,是治疗摩洛哥儿童睡眠呼吸障碍的一线治疗方案。     

上消化道粘膜下肿瘤的内镜下诊断及治疗进展

上消化道粘膜下肿瘤(SMTs)临床较为常见,是一类来源于非粘膜层的肿物,有良恶性之分,良性多见。因其表面覆盖正常粘膜组织,常规的内镜下活检只取到粘膜层,难以深达粘膜下层,肿瘤性质难以判定,因此既往多随访观察,肿瘤在短时间内增大或出现明显的临床症状时才予以外科手术治疗。近年来,由于超声胃镜(EUS)技术的发展,SMTs的诊断不仅可以定位,还可以定性。随着内镜下粘膜切除术(EMR)、内镜下粘膜剥离术(ESD)、经口内镜粘膜下隧道肿瘤切除术(STER)等内镜下微创治疗技术的发展,不仅可获得足够的病理标本更加准确的诊断SMTs,还可以安全、高效的切除病变、避免了外科手术的创伤、减轻了经济负担,本文就内镜下对于SMTs的诊断、微创切除SMTs的方法及相关并发症的处理等予以综述。     

不同手术方式对分化型甲状腺癌患者预后的影响

目的：探讨不同手术方式对分化型甲状腺癌患者临床治疗的效果及其预后的影响。方法：回顾性分析了2005.02-2012.07入住我院的60例分化型甲状腺癌患者的临床资料,采用如下三种不同的治疗方式：甲状腺切除术联合双侧中央区颈淋巴结清扫手术;保留对侧喉返神经入喉处甲状腺组织的甲状腺次全切除术联合单侧改良颈淋巴结清扫手术;保留对侧喉返神经入喉之处甲状腺组织的甲状腺次全切除手术联合双侧改良颈淋巴结清扫手术。结果：（1）上述三组患者术后,患者的甲状旁腺的功能低下之间均存在显著的统计学差异（P〈0.01）,三组喉返神经损伤的发生率之间也存在显著的统计学差异（P〈0.01）;本组60例患者均获10-172个月（平均为93.5±10.2）的随访,上述三种手术方式下患者的癌症复发率分别为77.8%、4.5%及45.0%,三组具有显著的统计学差异（P〈0.01）;生化治愈率分别为27.8%、95.5%及50.0%;平均生存时间分别为（92.3±12.5）个月、（105.8±14.5）个月及（112.3±20.9）个月。（2）三组患者术后生存质量总得分分别为（122±9）、（118±8）及（125±9）分。结论：与甲状腺切除术联合双侧中央区颈淋巴结清扫手术进行对比,保留对侧喉返神经入喉处甲状腺组织的甲状腺次全切除术联合单侧改良颈淋巴结清扫手术与保留对侧喉返神经入喉之处甲状腺组织的甲状腺次全切除手术联合双侧改良颈淋巴结清扫手术在生存时期、术后生存质量两个方面不具显著性差异。     

Validation of numerical flow simulations against in vitro phantom measurements in different type B aortic dissection scenarios

An aortic dissection (AD) is a serious condition defined by the splitting of the arterial wall, thus generating a secondary lumen [the false lumen (FL)]. Its management, treatment and follow-up are clinical challenges due to the progressive aortic dilatation and potentially severe complications during follow-up. It is well known that the direction and rate of dilatation of the artery wall depend on haemodynamic parameters such as the local velocity profiles, intra-luminal pressures and resultant wall stresses. These factors act on the FL and true lumen, triggering remodelling and clinical worsening. In this study, we aimed to validate a computational fluid dynamic (CFD) tool for the haemodynamic characterisation of chronic (type B) ADs. We validated the numerical results, for several dissection geometries, with experimental data obtained from a previous in vitro study performed on idealised dissected physical models. We found a good correlation between CFD simulations and experimental measurements as long as the tear size was large enough so that the effect of the wall compliance was negligible.     

内镜下黏膜切除术治疗大肠息肉的临床疗效及术后出血的影响因素分析

摘要 目的：研究内镜下黏膜切除术（EMR）治疗大肠息肉的临床疗效及术后出血的影响因素。方法：将我院从2016年1月～2019年12月收治的大肠息肉患者500例纳入研究,所有患者均接受EMR治疗。分析其临床疗效以及术后出血发生情况,并对术后出血的影响因素实施单因素、多因素Logistic回归分析。结果：500例患者临床治疗总有效率为97.80%（489/500）,术后出血发生例数为17例,出血发生率为3.40%（17/500）。治疗后患者各项生活质量评分均高于治疗前（均P<0.05）。经单因素分析发现：大肠息肉患者经EMR治疗后其切除息肉数、术后进食时间、息肉外观、息肉分叶均与术后出血有关（均P<0.05）;而年龄、性别、息肉部位以及病理类型均与术后出血无关（均P>0.05）。经多因素Logistic回归分析可得：切除息肉数≥4枚、术后48 h内进食、息肉外观潮红/糜烂以及息肉分叶均是大肠息肉患者经EMR治疗后出血的危险因素（均P<0.05）。结论：EMR治疗大肠息肉患者的临床疗效较佳,可改善其生活质量,其中切除息肉数、术后进食时间、息肉外观以及息肉分叶均和术后出血有关,值得临床关注。     

内镜黏膜下剥离术治疗胃间质瘤的临床疗效及术后出血的危险因素分析

摘要 目的：探讨内镜黏膜下剥离术（ESD）治疗胃间质瘤的临床疗效及术后出血的危险因素。方法：选取2018年2月至2020年3月我院诊治的135例胃间质瘤患者作为研究对象,统计其ESD治疗后的各项临床指标,比较治疗前后患者的细胞免疫功能和胃肠激素变化,根据患者ESD治疗后是否发生出血将其进一步分为术后出血组12例和术后未出血组123例,分析胃间质瘤患者ESD术后出血的危险因素。结果：135例患者平均手术时间为（45.89±8.79）min,平均术后进食时间为（3.05±0.98）d,平均住院时间为（6.11±0.95）d,完整切除率为96.30%,术后出血发生率为8.89%,术后穿孔发生率为5.19%,术后感染发生率为9.63%。经单因素分析发现,ESD治疗胃间质瘤术后出血与高血压、糖尿病、血小板（PLT）、血清降钙素原（PCT）和C反应蛋白（CRP）有关（P<0.05）。与治疗前相比,患者治疗后CD3⁺、CD4⁺、CD4⁺/CD8⁺、血清胃动素（MTL）、胃泌素（GAS）和生长激素释放肽(Ghrelin)水平明显下降,而CD8⁺明显升高（P<0.05）。进一步多因素Logistic回归分析表明,胃间质瘤患者ESD术后出血的危险因素包括高血压、糖尿病、PCT＞2.73 ng/mL以及CRP＞62.19 ng/mL（P<0.05）,而保护因素则为PLT＞151.38×109/L（P<0.05）。结论：ESD治疗胃间质瘤患者的疗效确切,安全性较好,但其会引起胃间质瘤患者的细胞免疫功能和胃肠激素分泌下降。同时,高血压、糖尿病、PCT＞2.73 ng/mL和CRP＞62.19 ng/mL是胃间质瘤患者ESD术后出血的危险因素。     

High resolution crystal structure of dengue‐3 envelope protein domain III suggests possible molecular mechanisms for serospecific antibody recognition

Dengue viruses are classified into four serotypes. Here, we report a 1.7 Å crystal structure of a recombinant dengue‐3 envelope protein domain III (ED3), which contains most of the putative epitopes. Although the fold was well conserved, we found that a local backbone deformation in the first β‐strand, which contains the putative epitope‐1, occurred upon domain isolation. Furthermore, a comparison with dengue‐2 ED3 indicated a large structural change by as much as 4.0 Å at Asp⁶⁶², located in epitope‐2. These minute structural and surface properties changes observed in the high resolution ED3 structure represent potential determinants for serospecificity and epitope recognition by antibodies. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.