The first dinosaur egg from the Lower Cretaceous of Western Siberia,Russia

The Lower Cretaceous Ilek Formation in Western Siberia (Russia) has yielded various vertebrate fossils, including skeletal remains of dinosaurs. Here we report on a fragmentary theropod egg from the vertebrate locality Shestakovo 3 of the Ilek Formation in Kemerovo Province. We assign the specimen to the oogenus Prismatoolithus (oofamily Prismatoolithidae) as Prismatoolithus ilekensis oosp. nov., on the basis of the following unique combination of characters: ovoid-shaped egg; thin eggshell 300–330 μm thick; angustiprismatic morphotype; eggshell with three different layers; gradual transition between mammillary layer and prismatic layer; abrupt contact between prismatic layer and external layer; mammillary layer to prismatic layer to external layer thickness ratio is 1:3:0.6; prismatic layer with ill-defined squamatic texture; angusticanaliculate pore system; and smooth outer surface. Like other Early Creataceous Prismatoolithus, the egg of Prismatoolithus ilekensis oosp. nov. was laid by a small bodied theropod dinosaur (troodontid or primitive bird) and this taxonomic attribution is supported by results of our phylogenetic analysis. Prismatoolithus ilekensis oosp. nov. is the first Early Cretaceous ootaxon from Russia.

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添加益生菌的早期滋养量肠内营养对 重症脑卒中患者呼吸机相关性肺炎的影响

目的探讨早期给予添加益生菌的滋养量肠内营养(EN)对重症脑卒中患者呼吸机相关性肺炎(VAP)的影响。方法选择2015年10月1日至2017年10月1日我院神经内科收治的接受鼻饲饮食及机械通气的重症脑卒中患者56例,随机分为对照组和观察组各28例。对照组患者在入院48h内给予早期肠内营养支持治疗,观察组在对照组基础上常规给予双歧杆菌乳杆菌三联活菌片鼻饲,并给予滋养量肠内营养支持治疗(起始量10～20mL鼻饲低速泵入)。比较两组患者治疗后肠内营养达标时间、肠内营养并发症发生率、营养状态指标、炎症因子水平、呼吸机相关性肺炎发生率、脱机成功率及病死率。结果治疗后,观察组患者腹胀、腹泻、应激性高血糖发生率较低,肠内营养达标时间较短。同时观察组患者血清白蛋白、前白蛋白、淋巴细胞计数均高于对照组,血WBC、CRP、PCT水平均低于对照组。观察组患者脱机成功率相对较高,呼吸机相关性肺炎发生率相对较低。观察组患者GCS评分、APACHEⅡ评分及病死率相对较低,但差异均无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论早期给予添加益生菌的滋养量肠内营养有助于提高患者肠内营养的耐受性,改善患者营养状态,降低炎性因子水平,有助于减少呼吸机相关性肺炎发生率。     

布拉酵母菌散联合早期微量喂养 对早产儿喂养不耐受及肠道菌群的影响

目的探讨布拉酵母菌散联合早期微量喂养对早产儿喂养不耐受及肠道菌群的影响。方法选取2014年1月至2018年6月在我院住院治疗的喂养不耐受早产儿80例,随机分为2组,各40例。对照组早产儿生后早期间歇持续微量喂养(12～24 h内),观察组早产儿在对照组基础上加用布拉酵母菌散0.125 g/次,1次/d,通过奶瓶或鼻饲给药。两组患儿均连用3周。观察两组早产儿治疗后恢复情况、肠道菌群变化及治疗效果。结果观察组早产儿呕吐腹胀消失时间、达全胃肠喂养时间及恢复出生体重时间均明显短于对照组(均P0.05)。治疗3周后,两组早产儿肠道乳杆菌和双歧杆菌数量较治疗前明显上升(均P0.05),且观察组早产儿上升幅度较对照组更大(均P0.05)。治疗后观察组早产儿临床总有效率明显高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(95.0%vs 80.0%,χ~2=4.16,P0.05)。结论布拉酵母菌散联合早期微量喂养治疗早产儿喂养不耐受的疗效显著,能加快患儿的恢复,其作用机制可能与其能促进肠道正常菌群定植,加快肠道菌群的建立密切相关。     

Mechanism of Enhanced Immature Dengue Virus Attachment to Endosomal Membrane Induced by prM Antibody

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AstA Signaling Functions as an Evolutionary Conserved Mechanism Timing Juvenile to Adult Transition

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Thymoquinone reduces intracytoplasmic oxidative stress and improves epigenetic modification in polycystic ovary syndrome mice oocytes,during in‐vitro maturation

Although in‐vitro maturation (IVM) of oocytes has been presented as an alternative treatment to traditional stimulated in‐vitro fertilization, the culture condition can be improved by natural antioxidants. Thus, we investigated the protective effect of Thymoquinone (TQ) during IVM in the polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) mice model. The induction of PCOS was made by dehydroepiandrosterone via subcutaneous injection, in prepubertal female B6D2F1‐mice. After 21 days later, germinal vesicle (GV)‐stage‐oocytes were extracted and incubated in IVM media containing 0, 1.0, 10.0, and 100.0 μM of TQ. To assess fertilization and blastulation rates, after 22–24 hr, the treated oocytes were fertilized in‐vitro with epididymal spermatozoa. Some other oocytes were evaluated for maturation, epigenetic, and oxidative stress markers. Similarly, the mRNA expression of epigenetic enzymes genes (Dnmt1 and Hdac1), three maternally derived genes (Mapk, CyclinB, and Cdk1) and apoptosis‐related genes (Bax and Bcl2) were assessed. Our results showed that the maturation, fertilization, and blastulation rates were significantly higher in the 10.0 μM TQ‐treated group compared with the untreated group and likewise with in‐vivo matured oocytes. The Bax expression was reduced in 10.0 μM TQ matured oocytes, but Bcl2, Dnmt1, Hdac1, Cdk1, and Mapk were upregulated in this group compared to other groups. Furthermore, dimethylation of histone‐3 at lysine‐9 (H3K9m2) and DNA methylation were significantly increased whereas H4K12 acetylation (H4K12ac) was decreased in the 10.0 μM TQ‐treated group in comparison with control and in‐vivo matured oocytes. Therefore, our results are suggesting that 10.0 μM TQ may enhance the developmental competence of PCOS oocytes via the modulation of oxidative stress and epigenetic alterations.     

紫癜性肾炎早期诊断进展

本综述对近几年有关过敏性紫癜性肾炎早期诊断的实验室指标进行了总结,以期对临床工作提供数据资料。     

Blood-based lung cancer biomarkers identified through proteomic discovery in cancer tissues,cell lines and conditioned medium

Background

Support for early detection of lung cancer has emerged from the National Lung Screening Trial (NLST), in which low-dose computed tomography (LDCT) screening reduced lung cancer mortality by 20 % relative to chest x-ray. The US Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) recently recommended annual screening for the high-risk population, concluding that the benefits (life years gained) outweighed harms (false positive findings, abortive biopsy/surgery, radiation exposure). In making their recommendation, the USPSTF noted that the moderate net benefit of screening was dependent on the resolution of most false-positive results without invasive procedures. Circulating biomarkers may serve as a valuable adjunctive tool to imaging.

Results

We developed a broad-based proteomics discovery program, integrating liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry (LC/MS) analyses of freshly resected lung tumor specimens (n = 13), lung cancer cell lines (n = 17), and conditioned media collected from tumor cell lines (n = 7). To enrich for biomarkers likely to be found at elevated levels in the peripheral circulation of lung cancer patients, proteins were prioritized based on predicted subcellular localization (secreted, cell-membrane associated) and differential expression in disease samples. 179 candidate biomarkers were identified. Several markers selected for further validation showed elevated levels in serum collected from subjects with stage I NSCLC (n = 94), relative to healthy smoker controls (n = 189). An 8-marker model was developed (TFPI, MDK, OPN, MMP2, TIMP1, CEA, CYFRA 21–1, SCC) which accurately distinguished subjects with lung cancer (n = 50) from high risk smokers (n = 50) in an independent validation study (AUC = 0.775).

Conclusions

Integrating biomarker discovery from multiple sample types (fresh tissue, cell lines and conditioned medium) has resulted in a diverse repertoire of candidate biomarkers. This unique collection of biomarkers may have clinical utility in lung cancer detection and diagnoses.

Electronic supplementary material

The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12014-015-9090-9) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.     

胸腔镜肺叶切除术在早期肺癌治疗中的应用

目的:探讨胸腔镜肺叶切除术在早期肺癌治疗中的临床应用。方法:选取我院收治的肺癌患者142例,分为两组,每组71例,对照组予常规开胸肺叶切除术,实验组予胸腔镜肺叶切除术,均采用全身麻醉,双腔气管插管。手术后,观察比较两组患者的临床疗效,手术情况及恢复情况,疼痛评分以及手术前、术后第1天和第5天的血清CRP情况。结果:1手术后,两组患者的临床疗效均有所改善,实验组明显优于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。2手术后,两组患者的手术情况及恢复情况相比较,实验组明显优于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。3手术后,两组患者的血清CRP术后第1天与术前相比较均有所升高,第5天的血清CRP都有所降低,实验组与对照组相比较,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:胸腔镜肺叶切除术治疗早期肺癌能够改善患者血清CRP水平,提高临床疗效,安全可行。