剖宫产术后切口妊娠介入治疗与保守治疗效果的临床研究

目的:研究子宫动脉介入化疗栓塞术在临床上对剖宫产切口妊娠的治疗效果.方法:回顾性分析我院2007年1月至2012年12月的收治的切口妊娠患者53例.并将53例患者随机分为介入治疗组28例、保守治疗组25例,介入治疗组患者采用双侧子宫动脉栓塞术后进行刮宫术的治疗,保守治疗组患者采用口服米非司酮以及肌内注射MTX后进行刮宫术的治疗.对两组患者的临床资料包括出血量,住院时间,降血HCG时间等进行统计学分析.结果:介入治疗组患者的出血量,住院时间,降血HCG时间明显低于保守治疗组患者的情况,差异具有显著性(P＜0.05).介入治疗组和保守治疗组间的不良反应差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).结论:对患者采用子宫动脉介入对剖宫产切口妊娠进行治疗的方式,可以对切口妊娠大出血进行有效的控制,同时也可以对妊娠物进行有效的杀死.     

A study on early tolerance of Mactra chinensis philippi to salinity

In order to evaluate the early tolerance of Mactra chinensis to salinity, the treatments of salinity gradients and salinity gradual changes were set in this study, and the post growth and development of juveniles were analyzed in recovery experiment, respectively. The result showed that the optimum hatching of zygotes was found at a salinity from 24 to 32, which is narrower than that of larvae (20–32); a slight of low salinity (16–32) will benefit the early growth and development of M. chinensis; at planktonic and creeping stages, low salinity stress (20) was conducive to promoting the growth of juvenile M. chinensis philippi; 4, 48 was the ultimate salinity of M. chinensis; The range of early tolerance of larvae M. chinensis philippi to salinity can be widened through a short period of salinity acclimation.     

Stable and radiogenic isotope analyses on shark teeth from the Early to the Middle Permian (Sakmarian–Roadian) of the southwestern USA

δ¹⁸O_P values and ⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr ratios were determined on disarticulated xenacanthiform, hybodontid and ctenacanthid shark tooth material from several Early Permian (Sakmarian–Kungurian) continental bone beds of northern Texas and southern Oklahoma as well as from the marine Middle Permian (Roadian) of northern Arizona. The δ¹⁸O_P values derived from the teeth of bone beds are in the range of 17.6–23.5‰ VSMOW, and are mostly depleted in ¹⁸O by 0.5–5‰ relative to proposed coeval marine δ¹⁸O_P values. This indicates an adaptation to freshwater habitats on the Early Permian coastal plain by several sharks. Distinctly higher δ¹⁸O_P values from two bone beds are attributed to significant evaporative enrichment in ¹⁸O in flood plain ponds. ⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr ratios of around 0.71077 are notably more radiogenic than ⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr of contemporaneous seawater. In contrast, the isotopic composition of teeth from the marine Kaibab Formation is characterised by low δ¹⁸O_P values in the range of 13.4–15.6‰ VSMOW while ⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr ratios of around 0.70821 are closer to the Roadian seawater value. The distinctly depleted δ¹⁸O_P values cannot be readily explained by fluvially affected freshening in a nearshore marine environment, so a diagenetic alteration of the Kaibab material seems to be more likely, excluding it from further interpretation.     

Paleobiota from the Deccan volcano-sedimentary sequences of India: paleoenvironments,age and paleobiogeographic implications

Paleobiotic assemblages from the Deccan infra- and intertrappean beds are reviewed in great detail. Three distinct paleoenvironments (fluvio-lacustrine/terrestrial, brackish water and marine) have been identified within the infra- and intertrappean biotic assemblages of peninsular India. Recently, marine incursions have been recorded in a few of the Deccan intertrappean beds exposed in central and south-eastern India. The intertrappean beds have yielded marine planktic foraminiferans and freshwater/brackish water ostracods. The affinities of the paleobiotas are commonly considered to show a mixed pattern resulting from the addition of Gondwanan and Laurasian elements to endemic Indian taxa. During the last four decades, various biogeographic models (southern and northern connections) have been proposed to explain the presence of anomalous biogeographic biota in the Late Cretaceous of India. Based on the recovered fauna and flora assemblages, the Cretaceous–Paleogene boundary has been marked and a Late Cretaceous to Early Paleocene age has been assigned to these Deccan volcano-sedimentary sequences.     

Cranial morphology of an Early Cretaceous Monjurosuchid (Reptilia: Diapsida) from Liaoning Province of China and evolution of the choristoderan palate

A new specimen of Philydrosaurus proseilus from the Early Cretaceous Chiufotang (Jiufotang) Formation preserves the first complete palate of a monjurosuchid choristodere. As in other choristoderes, the palate of Philydrosaurus is akinetic, extended by a broad contact between the vomer and maxilla, and equipped with multiple batteries of palatal teeth. This specimen provides phylogenetically significant information and clarifies the distribution of many apomorphies within Choristodera. Philydrosaurus is primitive relative to the Neochoristodera in that it exhibits only a moderate degree of posterior displacement of the choanae and retains a relatively large interpterygoid vacuity. However, Philydrosaurus also exhibits several derived features previously considered diagnostic of the Neochoristodera, including establishment of a long midline contact of the pterygoids and development of a distinct nasopalatal trough extending from the choana. The choristodere palate exhibits significant modification of the primitive diapsid condition, including elongation of the vomers, establishment of a vomer–maxilla contact, posterior displacement of the choanae, development of the nasopalatal trough, and reduction of the interpterygoid vacuity.     

Interglacial‐glacial cycles in the early Pleistocene of the Leffe basin (Northern Italy): Preliminary report

Palynological studies of the Leffe Basin lacustrine deposits (Lombard Pre‐Alps, Italy) reveal a succession of deciduous mesophytic arboreal communities, coniferous forests and brief phases of withdrawal of arboreal taxa. The pollen record can be easily correlated with a previous pollen diagram by Lona (1950). However, contrary to his interpretation, we believe that the cyclicity shown by vegetation dynamics cannot be correlated with the major glacial events that occurred in the Southern Alps, but perhaps with interglacial‐glacial cycles of moderate amplitude.     

Microbilobata,a new genus of earliest terebratulid brachiopod from the lower Silurian of Northwestern Canada: Implications for the origin of higher taxa

Microbilobata avalanchensis n. gen. and n. sp. from the Lower Silurian (upper Wenlock) carbonate rocks of the lower Delorme Group in the Avalanche Lake area, northwestern Canada, is described here as the earliest known terebratulid brachiopod. These small shells (less than 2 mm long) are subtriangular, anteriorly emarginate, possibly punctate, with both valves being sulcate at their anterior halves, the ventral sulcus bearing one prominent plica, and the dorsal sulcus marked by two plicae. Internally, M. avalanchensis has a centronelliform loop extending for about three fifths of the total shell length. The shells are silicified in carbonate rocks of mid to outer shelf origin. M. avalanchensis is relatively rare, with about 40 specimens so far found from samples collected at 58–60 m above the base of section AV5 in the Avalanche Lake area. Its presence in rocks of Wenlock age extends the earliest known terebratulids back about 16 million years from the oldest previously recorded terebratulids (earliest Devonian age). The small size and simple form of the new species suggest that heterochrony (progenesis) could have played a role in the origin of the Terebratulida. M. avalanchensis serves as a good example of Cope's Rule, indicating that the terebratulids evolved from a very small, unspecialized ancestor. The unusually small size of this taxon also offers one explanation as to why some ancestors or transitional forms of major taxonomic groups are extremely difficult to find in the fossil record.     

Enigmatic occurrence of Permian plant roots in Lower Silurian rocks,Guizhou Province,China

Pinnatiramosus qianensis Geng, 1986, is a plant with a complex, extensive pinnate branching system and pitted tracheids, collected from marine Lower Silurian (Llandovery; c. 430 Ma) rocks in Guizhou Province, China. It challenges long‐held theories on the origin and early evolution of vascular plants in the Silurian and Devonian. However, there is a hypothesis that the fossils were not syngenetic with the entombing rock, but were the rooting systems of much younger plants, probably of Permian age. New sections and collections of P. qianensis have been subjected to detailed analyses, which indicate that P. qianensis belongs to an early Permian (c. 285 Ma) rooting system growing down into lower Silurian rocks.     

Dating the Lower to Middle Paleolithic transition in the Levant: A view from Misliya Cave,Mount Carmel,Israel

The transition from the Lower to the Middle Paleolithic in the Levant is a crucial event in human evolution, since it may involve the arrival of a new human population. In the current study, we present thermoluminescence (TL) dates obtained from 32 burnt flints retrieved from the late Lower Paleolithic (Acheulo-Yabrudian) and Early Middle Paleolithic (Mousterian) layers of Misliya Cave, Mount Carmel, Israel. Early Middle Paleolithic industries rich in Levallois and laminar products were assigned mean ages ranging from ∼250 to ∼160 ka (thousands of years ago), suggesting a production of this industry during MIS 7 and the early part of MIS 6. The mean ages obtained for the samples associated with the Acheulo-Yabrudian (strengthened by an isochron analysis) indicate a production of this cultural complex ∼250 ka ago, at the end of MIS 8. According to the Misliya TL dates, the transition from the Lower to the Middle Paleolithic in the site took place at the limit MIS 8/7 or during the early part of MIS 7. The dates, together with the pronounced differences in lithic technology strongly suggest the arrival of a new population during this period.     

Determination of Trace Element Stability in Sediments Using Redox Gel Probes: Probe Construction and Theoretical Performance

A simple and inexpensive technique is described that can be used to assess the stability of redox-sensitive compounds in the sediments of wetlands and other shallow water environments. In this method, solid redox-sensitive compounds, such as manganese dioxide (MnO 2 ), are incorporated into agar gels held in rigid plastic holders. One surface of the gel remains exposed along the length of the resulting probe. The probes are pushed vertically into sediments and are left in situ for a period of time (days to weeks), after which they are visually inspected and chemically analyzed. The diffusion of nonreactive solutes (e.g., sulfate) in 2% (wt/vol) agar was unaffected by the presence of immobilized MnO 2 particles. The rate of dissolution of particulate MnO 2 in agar gels in the presence of an external diffusing reductant (L-ascorbic acid) could be quantified by digital analysis of pixel density on gel images. Redox gel probes incubated in the sediment of a wetland built to remove manganese from circumneutral pH coal mine drainage demonstrated different patterns of depth-dependent MnO 2 stability along a 15-m transect. MnO 2 gel probe results were consistent with data obtained using sediment cores and porewater diffusion samplers.