中国云南兰科一新种——二叶兰

基于采自中国云南东南部的栽培植物。对兰科新种二叶兰（Cymbidium rhizomatosum)作了描述与绘图。此新种与兔耳兰（Cymbidium lancifoium)有亲缘关系。区别点在于本新种具2枚基生叶,叶在花凋谢后出现,有1条黄白色的地下根状茎,长7-10cm,直径6-15mm。     

细花兰,中国云南兰科一新种

对兰科新种细花兰(Cymbidium micranthum)作了描述与绘图。新种产云南马关,与珍珠矮略相近,但不具延长的根状茎,有长1～1．5cm的假鳞茎,叶在中部以下多少对摺,有关节,唇瓣顶端内弯,蕊柱长1～1．2cm,甚易区别。     

墨兰组织培养植株的叶结构和生理特性

墨兰叶肉没有海绵组织和栅栏组织的分化,但在叶的不同部分的叶脉附近叶肉细胞有不同的形态变化。叶尖和叶中部中脉附近的叶肉细胞排列紧密。细胞明显伸长,似栅栏组织,叶基部中 叶肉细胞没有伸长,叶部叶绿体周径大,叶绿素含量高,光合速率亦较高,且Fv/Fm、φPSⅡ和qp均较叶的其他部分高。     

墨兰试管苗植株的发育解剖学研究

用石蜡切片和扫描电镜对墨兰试管苗植株的生长发育进行了研究。发现幼叶中脉附近的叶肉细胞类似栅栏组织,随着叶片的不断成熟,叶片基部中脉附近的叶肉细胞逐渐变为近圆形或椭圆形,而叶尖部和叶中部中脉附近的叶肉细胞仍似栅栏组织。茎的发育经历了原球茎、根状茎和假鳞茎3个阶段。原球茎的大部分细胞都含有淀粉粒,根状茎的皮层细胞含淀粉粒,而假鳞茎几乎不含淀粉粒。幼根没有髓,皮层细胞含淀粉粒：成熟根具含淀粉粒的髓。出瓶苗上即带有4个芽,一般只有最外侧叶腋的1个花芽和最内侧叶腋的1个叶芽发育。     

大花蕙兰类原球茎形态发生的组织学研究

以大花蕙兰类原球茎发生发育不同阶段的培养物为试材,采用石蜡切片法对其进行组织学研究。结果表明,类原球茎形成过程中,表层薄壁细胞首先经脱分化恢复分生能力,形成愈伤组织,随后在其表面形成瘤状突起--类原球茎;类原球茎继续发育,在其周围形成多个不规则突起,并进一步发育形成新的类原球茎;而原来的类原球茎开始进入器官分化阶段,逐渐形成完整的小植株。根据观察,类原球茎起源可能存在两条途径:体细胞胚胎发生和器官发生。     

蕙兰CyfaSTK基因的克隆与表达分析

采用同源克隆的方法,从蕙兰（Cymbidium faberi Rolfe）花芽中克隆获得CyfaSTK基因的cDNA序列,并对其进行生物信息学分析及基因表达分析。结果显示,该基因全长843 bp,其中开放阅读框（ORF）长705 bp,共编码234个氨基酸和1个终止密码子。同源蛋白序列比对及分子系统发育分析结果表明,CyfaSTK蛋白属于D类MADS-box转录因子STK-like进化系,含有MADS、I、K和C等4个结构域,其C末端转录激活区含有2个保守的基元：AG motifⅠ和AG motifⅡ,此外,还具有一个在天门冬目植物中相对保守的基元MD motif。基因表达的组织特异性分析结果显示：蕙兰CyfaSTK基因在花萼、花瓣、唇瓣、药帽、子房中均有表达,但在叶片中不表达,其中在子房中的表达量与其他组织相比,差异达到极显著水平;CyfaSTK在花芽经过休眠后的萌动期表达量最高,且在开花当天该基因表达量有上升趋势。研究结果表明CyfaSTK基因不仅参与调控蕙兰花器官的发育过程,且对子房及合蕊柱的正常发育具有重要作用。     

Coat Protein Gene of Cymbidium mosaic virus from Vanilla fragrans in Reunion Island

Nucleotide and amino acid sequences of the coat protein (CP) of 12 isolates of Cymbidium mosaic virus from Vanilla fragrans in Reunion Island (CyMV‐R) were compared with each other and with those of previously described Asian strains. Alignment revealed that CyMV‐R isolates were highly homologous, suggesting that one strain is prevalent in Reunion. This strain also showed high homology with the Korean CyMV‐K2 and Singapore CyMV‐S2 strains, but nucleotide additions resulted in the carboxy‐terminal ends of the CP sequences differing from those of the Korean CyMV‐K1 and Singapore CyMV‐K1 strains.     

Micropropagation of seed-derived plants ofCynara scolymus L., cv. ‘Green Globe’

Growth of Cymbidium kanran rhizome was enhanced by higher NAA:BAP ratios in modified Murashige & Skoog (MS) media. Only vegetative shoots resulted from rhizomes cultured in vitro when lower NAA:BAP ratios were used. The rhizomes were induced from the axils of leaves when shoots were explanted to medium containing higher concentrations of NAA. Root formation of C. kanran was inhibited by the addition of either auxin or cytokinin to the culture media. Differentiation of the rhizomes into plantlets occurred when the concentrations of ammonium nitrate and potassium nitrate in MS medium wewe reduced. The modified MS medium containing lesser amounts of potassium nitrate and ammonium nitrate than those of the original MS media, and was optimal for the production of plantlets from rhizomes of C. kanran without addition of auxin and cytokinin.Abbreviations NAA -naphthaleneacetic acid - BAP N⁶-benzylaminopurine - MS medium Murashige & S Skoog medium     

五裂红柱兰--云南兰科一新种

Cymbidiumisanorchidgenusmainlydistributedintropicaland subtropicalAsia,withsomespeciesextendingtoPapuaNewGuinea andAustralia.Altogether44specieswererecognizedbyDuPuyand Cribbin1988,ofwhichhalfthenumberweresaidtobefoundin China.ManyyearslaterthenumberofChinesespecieshadgoneup to29(Chen,1999),andtodayprobablyover40,includingboth newlydescribedspeciesandnewrecords.Thenewspeciesdescribed herewascollectedfromMaguanCountyinsoutheasternYunnan,wheretheplantswerefoundgrowingontreesorrocks.Theywer…     

湖北野生春兰资源遗传多样性的ISSR分析

近年来,由于过度采挖和生境片断化,湖北野生春兰(Cymbidiumgoeringii)资源正面临着灭绝的危险。本文采用ISSR分子标记技术对湖北省内的11个春兰野生居群共325个个体的遗传多样性水平及居群遗传结构进行了研究。11个引物共检测到127个位点,其中112个为多态位点,占88.19%。POPGENE分析结果表明:与其他兰科植物相比,春兰具有丰富的遗传变异(在物种水平上,He=0.2628,Ho=0.4037;在居群水平上,PPL=63.06%,He=0.1945,Ho=0.2958)。Nei's遗传多样性分析和AMOVA分析表明,各居群间产生了一定程度的遗传分化(GST=0.2440,FST=0.2207)。居群间一定程度的遗传分化可能是由生境破坏和基因流障碍(Nm=0.8828)引起。UPGMA聚类分析可知,与其他居群相比,恩施地区的5个居群,即巴东(BD)、福宝山(FBS)、宣恩(XE)、毛坝(MB)、来凤(LF)优先聚成一支,而大悟(DW)居群单独聚为一支。同时本研究也表明,虽然春兰自交亲和,但在自然界中其繁育系统还是以异交为主。鉴于春兰资源的遗传多样性现状和其相应的居群遗传结构,我们建议在遗传多样性较高的来凤(LF)、京山(JS)、大悟(DW)居群设立保护点进行就地保护;而对资源破坏最为严重的毛坝(MB)和宣恩(XE)居群要实行迁地保护。