The use of killer sensitivity patterns for biotyping yeast strains: the state of the art, potentialities and limitations

In recent years molecular techniques have been the most useful tools for the unequivocal identification of undetermined strains at the species level. In many instances, however, a further discrimination at the strain level (biotyping) is required, such as during epidemiological investigations, in which the distribution of pathogenic microorganisms is studied, and for patent protection purposes. Although molecular methods are routinely used also for yeast biotyping, several nonmolecular techniques have been proposed. One of these, the determination of the killer sensitivity pattern (KSP) towards a panel of selected killer toxins has proven to be a good auxiliary method. Despite the plethora of studies published, the potential and limitations of the determination of KSPs have never been critically evaluated. In this review the use of this nonmolecular technique as a biotyping tool is discussed and compared with some currently used DNA-based procedures. In addition, methodological, mechanistic and ecological implications are evaluated.     

盐酸多奈哌齐联合综合康复训练对老年痴呆患者认知功能、事件相关电位及血清BDNF、IGF-1的影响

目的:探讨盐酸多奈哌齐联合综合康复训练对老年痴呆患者认知功能、事件相关电位及血清脑源性神经营养因子(BDNF)、胰岛素样生长因子1(IGF-1)的影响。方法:选取2017年3月~2020年3月期间来我院接受治疗的120例老年痴呆患者,根据随机数字表法分为对照组(n=60,盐酸多奈哌齐治疗)和联合组(n=60,盐酸多奈哌齐联合综合康复训练治疗)。对比两组疗效,治疗前、治疗3个月后的认知功能评分、事件相关电位、血清BDNF和IGF-1水平变化,以及治疗期间不良反应发生情况。结果:联合组的临床总有效率为91.67%,高于对照组的70.00%(P<0.05)。两组治疗3个月后日常生活能力评估量表(ADL)、临床痴呆量表(CDR)评分降低,且联合组低于对照组(P<0.05);简易精神状态量表(MMSE)评分升高,且联合组高于对照组(P<0.05)。两组治疗3个月后N1潜伏期、P2潜伏期均缩短,P3波幅均升高,且联合组治疗3个月后P2潜伏期短于对照组,P3波幅高于对照组(P<0.05);两组治疗3个月后N1潜伏期比较未见统计学差异(P>0.05)。联合组治疗3个月后BDNF水平高于对照组(P<0.05);两组治疗3个月后IGF-1水平比较未见统计学差异(P>0.05)。对照组与联合组不良反应发生率对比无统计学差异(P>0.05)。结论:老年痴呆患者在盐酸多奈哌齐基础上联合综合康复训练,认知功能可得到明显改善,同时还可调节患者事件相关电位及血清BDNF、IGF-1水平。     

听力障碍青少年治疗过程心理干预对患儿语言能力恢复和心境状态的影响

摘要 目的：探讨听力障碍青少年治疗过程心理干预对患儿语言能力恢复和心境状态的影响。方法：选取我院2019年6月到2020年6月共收治的80例7~18岁听力障碍青少年作为研究对象,将患儿随机分为观察组与对照组,每组40例。对所有患儿应用人工耳蜗植入术进行治疗,给予对照组常规言语训练以及健康教育等干预。观察组患儿在常规干预基础上增加全治疗过程的心理干预。对比两组患儿的治疗效果,语言能力恢复,心境状态,ABC评分。结果：观察组患儿治疗的总有效率为92.50%,对照组患儿治疗的总有效率为75.00%,观察组高于对照组（P＜0.05）;两组患儿干预前的言语形成、听觉能力以及听觉感知对比无明显差异（P＞0.05）,两组患儿通过治疗与干预之后,言语形成、听觉能力以及听觉感知明显提升,且观察组评分高于对照组（P＜0.05）;两组患儿干预前的精神、控制、能力、忍受消极情感以及接受变化对比无明显差异（P＞0.05）,两组患儿通过治疗与干预之后,精神、控制、能力、忍受消极情感以及接受变化明显降低,且观察组评分低于对照组（P＜0.05）;两组干预前的兴奋、易激怒、刻板行为以及不恰当语言等评分比较无统计学意义（P＞0.05）,两组患儿干预后,各评分均下降,其中观察组小于对照组,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。结论：对听力障碍青少年在常规治疗与干预基础上增加心理干预,能够提升患儿的治疗效果,提升语言能力恢复情况,减少负面情绪,提升患儿的心境状态,值得临床应用推广。     

电针足少阳经穴联合本体感觉训练对膝关节骨性关节炎患者步行能力、血液流变学和骨代谢的影响

摘要 目的：探讨电针足少阳经穴联合本体感觉训练对膝关节骨性关节炎（KOA）患者步行能力、血液流变学和骨代谢的影响。方法：按照随机数字表法,将2019年8月~2022年1月期间于我院就诊的KOA患者204例分为对照组（102例,本体感觉训练）和研究组（102例,电针足少阳经穴联合本体感觉训练）。对比两组膝关节功能、疼痛症状、步行能力、血液流变学和骨代谢情况。结果：治疗4周后,两组视觉疼痛模拟评分（VAS）、西安大略和麦克马斯特大学骨关节炎调查量表（WOMAC）评分下降,Lysholm 膝关节功能评分升高,且研究组的改变程度大于对照组（P<0.05）。治疗4周后,两组双支撑相下降,步速、步长升高,且研究组的改变程度大于对照组（P<0.05）。治疗4周后,两组纤维蛋白原、红细胞聚集指数、全血黏度（高切）、全血黏度（低切）下降,研究组的改变程度大于对照组（P<0.05）。治疗4周后,两组碱性磷酸酶（ALP）、骨钙素（BGP）、骨特异性碱性磷酸酶（BALP）水平升高,研究组的改变程度大于对照组（P<0.05）。结论：电针足少阳经穴联合本体感觉训练可改善KOA患者的疼痛症状,促进膝关节功能恢复,改善步行能力,作用机制可能与调节血液流变学和骨代谢有关。     

基于层次分析法对白垩纪短脉螽科昆虫后足胫节端距的游泳能力检测

短脉螽科是直翅目昆虫的一个中生代灭绝类群,其最重要特征之一是后足胫节末端具有3—4根较长的距,可以分为长刺状、棒状和叶状等3种类型。在假设短脉螽科具有游泳能力条件下,利用层次分析法(Analytic Hierarchy Process,AHP)探讨短脉螽不同后足胫节端距类型对游泳能力的贡献。分析表明短脉螽科昆虫中,具有叶状端距的类型更有利于提高该类昆虫的游泳能力。短脉螽科昆虫后足端距的高分异度,表明该科昆虫在白垩纪的近水环境不同生态位中均具有较好的适应性。     

Direct and indirect impacts of wildfire on faunal communities of Mediterranean temporary ponds

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Fermentative capacity of baker's yeast exposed to hyperbaric stress

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