Polyhydroxyphenyläther aus der phaeophycee Sargassum muticum

From an acetylated fraction of Sargassum muticum (Yendo) Fensholt were isolated: phloroglucinol tri-acetate; diphlorethol pentaacetate (2,4,6,3′,5′-pentaacetoxydiphenyl ether), bifuhalol hexaacetate (2,4,6,3′,4′,5′-hexaacetoxydiphenyl ether), trifuhalol A octaacetate (2,6-diacetoxy-1-(3,4,5-triacetoxyphenoxy)-4-(2,4,6-triacetoxy- phenoxy)-benzene), and the new trifuhalol B octaacetate(3,5-diacetoxy -1-(2,4,6-triacetoxyphenoxy)-2-(3,4,5- triacetoxyphenoxy)-benzene).     

The distribution of hydroxycinnamic acid amides in flowering plants

Hydroxycinnamic acid amides have been identified as the main phenolic constituents in the reproductive organs of a range of flowering plants.     

6-d-glucopyranosyl fatty acid esters from Brassica napus pollen

6-d-Glucopyranosyl esters of palmitic, oleic, linoleic and linolenic acids were identified in Brassica napus (rape) pollen. These esters are inactive as plant growth promoters in the bean second-internode bioassay.     

Age-specific survivorship analysis ofHeliothis spp. Populations on cotton

Population dynamics of Heliothis virescens (F.) and Heliothis zea (Boddie ) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) eggs and larvae were studied for two years in a small plot of cotton, Gossypium hirsutum (L.). Due to morphological and ecological similarities, the pooled Heliothis population was considered for most of the analyses. Two generations of Heliothis eggs and larvae were completed during each year. Stage recruitment was estimated for the eggs and larval instars 2–6, and recruitment variances were estimated by a Monte Carlo method. A modified form of the Weibull distribution was developed and used as a model to characterize survivorship curves for each of the four Heliothis generations. A Type I survivorship curve (mortality rate increasing with age) was inferred for both Generation 1 (early season) data sets, whereas a Type II survivorship curve (mortality rate constant and thus independent of age) was inferred for both Generation 2 (late season) data sets. The shapes of the survivorship curves for the individual H. virescens and H. zea populations were inferred to be the same as those for the pooled populations. Analysis of the contributions of various factors to Heliothis stage-specific mortality indicated that natural enemies (predators and parasites) and the availability of food for larvae were responsible for between-generation differences in survivorship patterns.     

龙牙百合3个地方品种的形态特征及核型分析

采用经典测量和染色体常规压片法,对龙牙百合（Lilium brownii var.viridulum Baker）3个地方品种的形态特征及核型进行研究。植株形态分析结果显示：‘江西’龙牙的株高、开花口径、种球重量和周长、中外层鳞片重量和长度以及鳞片扦插产生小鳞茎数等指标均显著大于‘大叶’龙牙和‘平头’龙牙;‘大叶’龙牙的叶片最长,均值为14.54 cm。花粉、叶表皮气孔及鳞片淀粉粒的微形态特征分析结果显示：‘江西’龙牙的花粉粒径最大,均值达111.76 μm;‘平头’龙牙的叶表皮气孔最长,气孔密度也最大（约47.6个/mm²）;‘大叶’龙牙的淀粉粒径最大,均值为47.61 μm;‘江西’龙牙的淀粉粒大小分布更集中,差异性小。染色体核型分析结果显示：龙牙百合3个品种的染色体数目均为2n=2x=24,为二倍体,其中‘江西’龙牙核型公式为2n=2x=24=2m（2SAT）+6sm（2SAT）+12st（4SAT）+4t;‘平头’龙牙核型公式为2n=2x=24=4m+8sm+10st（4SAT）+2t;‘大叶’龙牙核型公式为2n=2x=24=2m（2SAT）+6sm+14st（4SAT）+2t,三者核型均为3B型。     

On the evolution of the bacterial major sigma factors

Summary The existence of internal sequence homologies between the N-terminal halves of the gram-negative bacterial major sigma factors and their C-terminal halves, which correspond to minor factors, is reported. In the case of Escherichia-Salmonella sigma-70, an apparent homology was even found between the C-terminal helix-turn-helix DNA-binding motif and the corresponding region of the peptide N half, which, however, is not directly engaged in promoter recognition. It is proposed that major sigma factors may have originated by duplication and fusion of a DNA unit related to the ancestral gene for the whole sigma family. Coevolution of major sigma structures and complex promoters is suggested.     

Testing of different antibiotics against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria isolated from plant tissue culture

Different Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria (Staphylococcus xylosus, S. aureus, S. cohnii, Bacillus sp., Corynebacterium sp., Pseudomonas vesicularis) were isolated from homogenized shoot tips of Drosera rotundifolia, Spatiphyllum sp., Syngonium cv. White butterfly, Nephrolepis exaltata cv. Teddy Junior. Growth inhibition of selected bacterial strains was examined using 28 different single antibiotics and 7 antibiotic mixtures. It was found that with the two mixtures Imipenem/Ampicillin and Imipenem/Penicillin G at concentrations of 5 mg l^–1 each, bacterial growth inhibition was most effective. Because of the lack of toxic effects on in vitro plants of 7 species it was proposed that these antibiotic mixtures can be applied advantageously to inhibit bacterial growth in tissue culture.     

A new DNA profiling system for cell line identification for use in cell banks in Japan

Summary Using the polymorphic DNA probes, ChdTC-15, ChdTC-114, pYNH24, and λTM-18, a DNA profiling system was developed that verified identities of individual cultured cell lines collected in the Japanese cell banks, JCRB, RCB, and IFO. These highly polymorphic DNA probes include both VNTR (Variable Number of Tandem Repeats) sequences and substantial lengths of unique regions. In the mixed probe system, several distinct bands from four to eight can be used for cell line identification. These bands were widely spread in a range of molecular sizes, and were stable and reproducible under stringent conditions of Southern blot hybridization. Because the DNA profile was specific for each individual human cell line, it is useful not only to authenticate many existing cultured cell lines but also to monitor their identity during propagation in a laboratory, and to confirm newly established lines as unique.