超声对早期糖尿病肾病的诊断价值及肾动脉血流阻力指数与血清hs-CRP、VEGF的关系分析

目的:研究彩色多普勒超声对早期糖尿病肾病的诊断价值及肾动脉血流阻力指数与血清超敏C反应蛋白(hs-CRP)、血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)的关系。方法:选取从2017年2月～2018年2月兰州大学第二医院收治的早期糖尿病肾病患者50例记为病变组,另取同期于该院进行体检的健康人员50例记为对照组。分别对两组人员进行彩色多普勒超声检查,比较肾血流参数。采用酶联免疫吸附法检测两组人员血清hs-CRP、VEGF水平,并作指标间的相关性分析。结果:病变组肾主动脉、肾锥体两侧叶间动脉、肾段动脉的收缩期峰值速度、舒张期最低速度较对照组降低,病变组肾主动脉、肾锥体两侧叶间动脉、肾段动脉的阻力指数较对照组升高(均P0.05)。病变组血清hs-CRP、VEGF水平较对照组升高(均P0.05)。经Pearson相关性分析显示:早期糖尿病肾病患者肾主动脉、肾锥体两侧叶间动脉、肾段动脉的血流阻力指数与血清hs-CRP、VEGF均呈正相关关系(均P0.05)。结论:彩色多普勒超声应用于早期糖尿病肾病的诊断价值较高,且肾动脉血流阻力指数与血清hs-CRP、VEGF密切相关,临床工作中通过联合检测血清hs-CRP、VEGF,从而有助于早期糖尿病肾病的诊断。     

Genetic divergence between and within two color morphotypes of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Parapercis sexfasciata</Emphasis> (Perciformes: Pinguipedidae) from Tosa Bay,southern Japan

The anterior half of the mitochondrial DNA control region (mtCR) sequence (ca. 400 base pairs) was compared between two color morphotypes (A, B) of Parapercis sexfasciata from Tosa Bay, southern Japan, using 16 and 21 specimens, respectively. Intramorphotypic mtCR divergences were only 0.0–0.5% and 1.0–2.5% for morphotypes A and B, respectively. In contrast, intermorphotypic mtCR divergence was much greater, 12.7–14.0%. Furthermore, phylogenetic analysis using a neighbor-joining algorithm, with P. multifasciata as an outgroup, showed that each morphotype was reciprocally monophyletic. These results and the distinct coloration and overlapping distribution indicate that the two color morphotypes of P. sexfasciata represent two distinct species. Mismatch distribution analysis suggested that both morphotypes had undergone population expansion; however, estimates of initial population sizes and mutational timescales suggested that morphotype B comprises historically larger and older populations than morphotype A.     

Characterization of a Drosophila melanogaster orthologue of muskelin

Visual systems of vertebrates exhibit a striking level of diversity, reflecting their adaptive responses to various color environments. The photosensitive molecules, visual pigments, can be synthesized in vitro and their absorption spectra can be determined. Comparing the amino acid sequences and absorption spectra of various visual pigments, we can identify amino acid changes that have modified the absorption spectra of visual pigments. These hypotheses can then be tested using the in vitro assay. This approach has been a powerful tool in elucidating not only the molecular bases of color vision, but the processes of adaptive evolution at the molecular level.     

Study of prenatal growth in the capuchin monkey (Cebus apella) by ultrasound

Capuchin monkey (Cebus apella) is a new world primate that in recent years has become important in biomedical research. The purpose of this study was to establish and correlate normal fetal growth parameters with gestational age in capuchin monkeys. In seven pregnant animals serial ultrasonic assessment of gestational sac (GS), embryo/fetal greatest length (GL), biparietal diameter (BPD), thorax height (TH), and femur length (FL) were performed. Identification of the GS was possible on day 23+/-2.8 (X +/- SE). The embryo and its heartbeat was detected on day 32.7+/-2.8, the GL being measurable thereafter. By day 45.4+/-1.4 BPD and TH were measurable. FL could only be measured from day 70.6+/-2.1. Predictive regression equations of gestational age (GA) were modeled with data obtained. In addition, preliminary data of fetal heart rate showed a decrease in frequency with advancing gestation.     

超声联合CEA和CA15-3检测对乳腺癌的诊断价值

目的:研究彩色多普勒超声联合癌胚抗原(CEA)和糖链抗原15-3(CA15-3)检测在乳腺癌诊断中的价值。方法:选取我院2010年2月~2011年1月的98例乳腺肿块患者,患者均行彩色多普勒超声检查,采用化学发光免疫法检测血清CEA、CA-153水平,并结合常规活检和术后诊断进行统计学分析。对比三者联合检测与单一检测的敏感性、准确性。结果:彩色多普勒超声、血清CEA、CA15-3检查及三者联合检查诊断乳腺癌的敏感性、准确性分别为86.11%、30.56%、47.22%、97.22%和88.78%、73.47%、77.55%、94.90%,联合检查的准确性、敏感性高于单一检查,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:彩色多普勒超声检测方法联合CEA、CA15-3检查可提升乳腺癌诊断的准确性和敏感性,降低漏诊率。     

彩超联合钼靶在未扪及肿块乳腺癌诊断中的应用分析

目的:探讨彩色多普勒超声联合钼靶在未扪及肿块乳腺癌中的临床诊断价值。方法:选取我院乳腺科收治的未扪及肿块乳腺癌患者92例,回顾性分析92例患者术前彩色多普勒超声和钼靶检查结果与手术病理相印证,对比不同的检查方法与病理诊断结果的符合率。结果:单纯彩色多普勒超声检查与单纯钼靶机检查诊断准确率无明显差异(P0.05),而彩色多普勒超声联合钼靶机检查诊断准确率明显高于单纯彩色多普勒超声检查诊断准确率和单纯钼靶机检查诊断准确率,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:彩色多普勒超声联合钼靶能够明显提高未扪及肿块乳腺癌诊断的准确率,对临床具有指导意义,值得临床推广。     

三维超声心动图评价不同年龄段和性别主动脉瓣二叶畸形

目的:三维超声心动图评估不同年龄段和性别主动脉瓣二叶畸形(bicuspid aortic valve malformation,BAV)的应用价值。方法:超声心动图检测我院2012年6月至2014年9月70例BAV患者,根据年龄段分为4组,≤20岁年龄组7例,21-40岁年龄组14例,41-60岁年龄组30例,≥60岁年龄组19例;根据性别分为2组,男性42例,女性28例。测量不同病例分组的主动脉窦部及升部内径、室间隔厚度、左心功能及左房横径,比较主动脉瓣狭窄、关闭不全、钙化及脱垂四个合并症发生率。结果:在心脏结构指标方面,年龄段分组室间隔厚度≥60岁年龄组12.37±1.64 mm高于≤20岁年龄组10.43±2.22 mm和21-40岁年龄组11.00±1.92 mm;左房横径41-60岁年龄组38.73±7.95 mm和≥60岁年龄组40.05±9.71 mm高于≤20岁年龄组29.86±1.86 mm。性别分组左心功能女性64.18±6.04%高于男性58.71±11.28%。在合并症发生率方面年龄段分组主动脉瓣狭窄41-60岁年龄组80%、≥60岁年龄组84%高于21-40岁年龄组50%,性别分组狭窄男性81%大于女性54%,关闭不全女性79%大于男性50%。结论:三维超声心动图诊断BAV可获得更加全面、具体、直观的诊断信息,BAV的超声表现与患者年龄段和性别密切相关。     

彩色多普勒超声对乳腺癌新辅助化疗疗效的评价研究

目的:探讨彩色多普勒超声(CDFI)对乳腺癌新辅助化疗(NCT)疗效评价的临床应用价值。方法:选取2013年1月~2013年12月在我院接受新辅助化疗后行手术治疗的女性乳腺癌患者55例,以病理学评价为金标准,化疗后根据化疗效果分为有效组和无效组,利用CDFI观察患者NCT前后病灶超声指标、病灶内血流分级及阻力指数(RI)值变化。结果:55例患者中,临床触诊疗效评价符合率为36.4%,敏感度为60.7%;CDFI评价符合率为70.9%,敏感度为85.7%。CDFI检查显示,乳腺癌NCT后原发肿瘤病灶大小显著缩小,边界多清晰可见,内部回声及后方回声倾向正常。有效组NCT前后病灶内的血流类型和RI值变化有统计学意义(P0.05),无效组NCT前后病灶内的血流类型和RI值无明显变化(P0.05)。结论:CDFI技术可对乳腺癌NCT前后病灶大小及病灶内部血流动力学变化提供客观参数,是评价乳腺癌NCT疗效的有效方法。     

Suitability of antral follicle counts and computer-assisted analysis of ultrasonographic and magnetic resonance images for estimating follicular reserve in porcine,ovine and bovine ovaries ex situ

This study was conducted to determine if correlations exist between the numbers of microscopic follicles comprising ovarian follicular reserve (OFR) and antral follicle counts (AFCs), and to assess the usefulness of computerized analyses of ovarian ultrasonograms and magnetic resonance (MR) images for estimating OFR in excised porcine, ovine and bovine ovaries. As a pre-requisite to these analyses, we characterized and compared ovarian cortical histomorhpology and follicle populations in the three species varying in prolificacy and overall reproductive longevity, and hence the total number of microscopic and antral follicles. Ultrasonographic and MR images were obtained at the scanner settings optimized to provide opposing contrasts between antral follicles and the ovarian stroma. Commercially available ImageProPlus® analytical software was used to calculate numerical pixel values (NPVs) and pixel heterogeneity (standard deviation of the pixel values) along the computer-generated lines (4–6) placed in the area corresponding to the ovarian cortex. The numbers of primordial (r = 0.38, P < 0.01) and intermediate follicles (r = 0.37, P < 0.01) were correlated with the numbers of antral follicles in bovine ovarian sections. The numbers of primordial (r = 0.28, P < 0.05), intermediate (r = 0.31, P < 0.01) and primary follicles (r = 0.27, P < 0.05) correlated directly with mean NPVs of the ultrasonographic ovarian images in cattle. There was a negative correlation between primary follicle numbers and NPVs of MR images (3D FAST-SPOILED GRADIENT ECHO) of the porcine ovarian cortex (r = −0.31, P < 0.05). To summarize, the numbers of primordial and intermediate follicles could only be estimated from AFCs in cows. Using ultrasound NPVs, the numbers of primordial, intermediate and primary follicles could be directly estimated in bovine ovaries and the quantitative image attributes of MR images were useful for quantifying porcine primary follicles. The bovine ovarian model is compatible with human situation and hence future studies should be undertaken to ascertain the usefulness of AFCs and ultrasonographic image analyses for estimating OFR in women.     

尖孢镰刀菌生产蒽醌色素的液体发酵条件研究

优化了尖孢镰刀菌液体发酵生产蒽醌类红色素的发酵条件。通过单因素实验和正交优化实验,确定最佳产色素发酵培养基为：可溶性淀粉30％,(NH4)2SO4 3％,MgSO4 0.3％,KH2PO4 4％,pH 6.0。产色素最适培养条件为：初始pH6.0,装液量20％,接种量10％,吐温-80添加量1％,温度28℃,摇床转速200r/min,发酵周期120h。此条件下,色素效价即可达到8.184U/ml,比优化前提高了1.8倍。国内首次对尖孢镰刀菌所产蒽醌色素进行研究,为其进一步应用奠定基础。