Human palatal growth evaluated on medieval crania using nerve canal openings as references

The purpose of this investigation was to measure postnatal lengthening and widening of the hard palate by use of nerve canal openings as references. The relationship of the dentition to the greater palatine foramina was also investigated. Thirty-nine medieval dry skulls were examined, 22 from children and 17 from adults. All crania were photographed at a 1:1 scale. The dimensions of the maxilla and the location of the dentition were determined from the photographs. The study showed that palatal growth in length in the sagittal plane takes place anterior to the greater palatine foramen. The growth increment in the area between the incisive foramen and the transverse palatine suture is more pronounced than the growth increment in the area between the transverse palatine suture and the greater palatine foramen. The distance from the greater palatine foramina to the posterior margin of the palate did not increase significantly with age. The growth in width seems to continue into adult life. The first permanent molars and the surrounding bone are moved forwards in relation to the greater palatine foramina during growth. The space for the developing maxillary premolars and molars therefore has to be obtained by growth in the transverse palatine suture. © 1996 Wiley-Liss, Inc.     

Effects of tag and suture type on survival and growth of brown trout with surgically implanted telemetry tags in the wild

To test the effects of surgical implants with or without external antennae, 188 wild brown trout Salmo trutta , 150–290 mm, were tagged and released in a small river in May 2005. After 5 months, 103 of the fish were recaptured and examined. Thus, information on the relative survival, growth and general condition of each fish was obtained. The relative survival did not differ between the three groups (control, antennae and no antennae), but the specific growth of the two tagged groups were lower than that of the control fish. The tag:body-mass ratio had a significant negative effect on specific growth. A relative high occurrence of tag expulsion was observed in both treatment groups (23%). The probability to expel a tag was correlated with the tag:body-mass ratio. Finally, the relative survival, growth, expulsion rate and general condition were compared between fish tagged with different types of suture material (absorbable v . non-absorbable). The results show only minor differences, but absorbable suture provided better wound healing and fewer expulsions.     

腹腔镜胆道探查术胆管一期缝合与T管引流的疗效分析

目的：对腹腔镜弹道探查术胆管一期缝合与T管引流的疗效进行分析。方法：对90例患者进行观察随访,其中一期缝合组45人,T管引流组45人,术后对其手术时间、肛门排气时间、腹腔引流时间、术后平均输液量、术后住院时间、住院费用、术后恢复正常生活时间进行统计分析。结果：一期缝合组除手术时间和腹腔引流时间,其他的各项观察指标以及术后并发症均优于T管引流组。结论：腹腔镜胆道探查术胆管一期缝合的疗效比T管引流的疗效较好,术后并发症也少,但是对于不适合做一期缝合而适合T管引流的患者还是应给予T管引流术。     

改良B-Lynch缝合术治疗剖宫产后宫缩乏力性产后出血的临床观察

目的:探讨改良B-Lynch缝合术治疗剖宫产后宫缩乏力性产后出血的临床疗效.方法:选择2010年2月～2012年4月我院收治的剖宫产后宫缩乏力性产后出血产妇58例,随机分为对照组(26例)和观察组(32例),对照组采取8字缝合血窦及宫腔纱布填塞治疗,观察组采取改良B-Lynch缝合术治疗,比较两组产妇术中术后各项指标和术后恢复情况.结果:两组产妇的手术时间和术中出血量比较,差异无统计学意义(均P＞0.05),观察组患者术后24h出血量显著少于对照组,而术后Hb水平显著高于对照组,产后输血率、术后感染发生率、产褥病率均显著低于对照组,恶露干净时间和月经来潮均较对照组显著缩短,差异均有统计学意义(均P＜0.05).结论:改良B-Lynch缝合术治疗剖宫产后宫缩乏力性产后出血可提高止血效果,促进患者术后的恢复,可作为剖宫产后宫缩乏力性产后出血首选治疗方法.     

剖宫产子宫肌层单层锁边缝合术

目的：评价剖宫产子宫下段横切口缝合技术及子宫肌层单层锁边缝合的可行性。方法：选取我院2008年12月至2010年12月剖宫产病例1920例,940例采用连续加褥式包埋缝合子宫,为对照组;980例采用子宫肌层单层锁边缝合术,为试验组。结果：试验组总手术时间为（28.08±4.15）min,对照组总手术时间为（36.25±5.67）min,两组比较,差异有统计学意义（p〈0.01）;试验组术后排气时间为（16.10±8.29）h,对照组术后排气时间为（24.26±4.28）h,差异有统计学意义（p〈0.05）;试验组术中出血量为（210±60）ml,显著低于对照组（280±50）ml,差异有统计学意义（p〈0.01）;试验组拆线时切口感染率为0.2%,对照组拆线时切口感染率为1%,差异有统计学意义（p〈0.05）。而切皮至胎儿娩出时间、新生儿Apgar评分、人均输血量、术后体温一次〉38℃、术后三天体温〈37℃五项指标比较,两组差异无统计学意义（p〉0.05）。结论：子宫肌层单层锁边缝合优于连续加褥式包埋缝合术,进一步提高了产科手术操作技术水平,值得临床推广应用。     

剖宫产子宫肌层单层锁边缝合术

目的:评价剖宫产子宫下段横切口缝合技术及子宫肌层单层锁边缝合的可行性。方法:选取我院2008年12月至2010年12月剖宫产病例1920例,940例采用连续加褥式包埋缝合子宫,为对照组;980例采用子宫肌层单层锁边缝合术,为试验组。结果:试验组总手术时间为(28.08±4.15)min,对照组总手术时间为(36.25±5.67)min,两组比较,差异有统计学意义(p<0.01);试验组术后排气时间为(16.10±8.29)h,对照组术后排气时间为(24.26±4.28)h,差异有统计学意义(p<0.05);试验组术中出血量为(210±60)ml,显著低于对照组(280±50)ml,差异有统计学意义(p<0.01);试验组拆线时切口感染率为0.2%,对照组拆线时切口感染率为1%,差异有统计学意义(p<0.05)。而切皮至胎儿娩出时间、新生儿Apgar评分、人均输血量、术后体温一次>38℃、术后三天体温<37℃五项指标比较,两组差异无统计学意义(p>0.05)。结论:子宫肌层单层锁边缝合优于连续加褥式包埋缝合术,进一步提高了产科手术操作技术水平,值得临床推广应用。     

Mutational identification of fibroblast growth factor receptor 1 and fibroblast growth factor receptor 2 genes in craniosynostosis in Indian population

OBJECTIVE:

The Objective of this study was to identify the association of mutation of fibroblast growth factor receptor 1 (FGFR1), FGFR2 genes with syndromic as well as non-syndromic craniosynostosis in Indian population.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

Retrospective analysis of our records from January 2008 to December 2012 was done. A total of 41 cases satisfying the inclusion criteria and 51 controls were taken for the study. A total volume of 3 ml blood from the patient as well as parents was taken. Deoxyribonucleic acid extracted using phenol chloroform extraction method followed by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism method.

RESULTS:

There were 33 (80.4%) non-syndromic cases of craniosynostosis while 8 (19.5%) were syndromic. Out of these 8 syndromic cases, 4 were Apert syndrome, 3 were Crouzon syndrome and 1 Pfeiffer syndrome. Phenotypically the most common non-syndromic craniosynostosis was scaphocephaly (19, 57.7%) followed by plagiocephaly in (14, 42.3%). FGFR1 mutation (Pro252Arg) was seen in 1 (2.4%) case of non-syndromic craniosynostosis while no association was noted either with FGFR1 or with FGFR2 mutation in syndromic cases. None of the control group showed any mutation.

CONCLUSION:

Our study proposed that FGFR1, FGFR2 mutation, which confers predisposition to craniosynostosis does not exist in Indian population when compared to the western world.