HY251, a novel decahydrocyclopenta[a]indene analog, from Aralia continentalis induces apoptosis via down-regulation of AR expression in human prostate cancer LNCaP cells

In the course of screening for a novel anticancer drug candidate, we previously isolated HY251 with the molecular structure of 3-propyl-2-vinyl-1,2,3,3a,3b,6,7,7a,8,8a-decahydrocyclopenta[a]indene-3,3a,7a,8a-tetraol from the roots of Aralia continentalis. The current study was designed to evaluate the detailed mechanisms of apoptotic induction of HY251 in androgen-sensitive prostate cancer LNCaP cells. TUNEL assay and Western blot analysis revealed an appreciable apoptotic induction in LNCaP cells treated with 95 μM of HY251 for 24 h. This apoptotic induction is also associated with cytochrome c release from mitochondria which, in turn, resulted in the activation of caspase-9 and -3, and the cleavage of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP). Moreover, we found that HY251 significantly inhibited the expression levels of androgen receptor (AR) and prostate-specific antigen (PSA) in a time-dependent manner, as well as abrogated up-regulation of AR and PSA genes with and without androgen. Therefore, we suggest that HY251, a novel androgen antagonist, may be a potent cancer chemotherapeutic candidate for the treatment of both androgen-sensitive and hormone-refractory prostate cancer.     

黄酮对刺五加嫩叶采后保鲜的研究

将 0、 0 .1、 1 .0、 1 0、 5 0 mg/ L浓度的黄酮溶液对剌五加进行叶面喷施 ,2 4 h后采嫩梢装塑料袋置于4°C冰箱中保存。分别取样分析保存 0 d和 6 d后叶片中的维生素 C的含量 ,以及保存 0 d和 1 2 d后叶片的水、可溶性糖、叶绿素和粗蛋白的含量 ,比较不同浓度的黄酮溶液处理对剌五加嫩叶中上述几种营养成分的分解情况。通过统计分析得出 :0 .1 mg/ L的黄酮溶液对延缓叶片中上述几种营养成分分解的效果最好 ,说明其对剌五加嫩叶采后保鲜有一定的作用     

龙牙楤木幼芽体细胞胚胎发生和植株再生(简报)

龙牙楤木[Aralia elate(Miq.)Seem]是五加科楤木属的多年生乔本药用植物,又称刺老鸦,具有补气、活血、祛风、利湿、止痛等功效。主要分布于我国东北地区、朝鲜、日本和俄罗斯的西伯利亚地区。其幼嫩茎叶是有名的山菜,在我国及东南亚一些国家很受欢迎。但是,近些年来由于人为恶性采伐,使     

Biomechanical properties of the trunk of the devil's walking stick (Aralia spinosa; Araliaceae) during the crown-building phase: implications for tree architecture

During the crown-building phase, the mechanical architecture of the trunk of Aralia spinosa exhibits considerable ontogenetic variation. All trunks were tapered along their length, and taper was dependent on both ramet size and age; older, larger trunks were more tapered than younger, smaller trunks. Trunk specific gravity, % bark, wood, and pith exhibited considerable inter- and intra-ramet variation. Specific gravity increased with both increasing ramet size and age, and declined acropetally in the majority of ramets sampled. Wood specific gravity was generally unrelated to ramet size, age, or position along the length of the trunk. Percent wood increased while % pith decreased with increasing ramet size and age. There was no relationship between % bark and either ramet size or age. Both % bark and % wood tended to decline acropetally, while % pith increased acropetally. On average, 47% of the variation in specific gravity could be attributed to % wood, while 77% could be attributed to % pith. Percent bark accounted for only 14% of the variation in specific gravity. We suggest that the relatively pithy trunk of Aralia spinosa (average range: 4-15%) allows for rapid height growth, but imposes severe constraints on crown architecture and the maximum size attainable by this species.     

Herbicidal and Cytotoxic Constituents from Aralia armata (Wall.) Seem.

Two new triterpenoids, 3β‐hydroxyoleana‐11,13(18)‐diene‐28,30‐dioic acid ( 1 ) and 3‐oxooleana‐11,13(18)‐diene‐28,30‐dioic acid ( 2 ), one novel triterpenoid glycoside, 3β‐O‐(6′‐O‐methyl‐β‐d‐ glucuronopyranosyl)oleana‐11,13(18)‐dien‐28‐oic acid ( 3 ) along with six known compounds ( 4  –  9 ) were isolated from the stem bark of Aralia armata (Wall .) Seem . Their structures were elucidated through extensive spectroscopic methods. The herbicidal activities of these compounds against Bidens pilosa L., an invasive weed in P. R. China, were evaluated. Compounds 3 , 5, and 6 exhibited more significant herbicidal activities on B. pilosa than the positive‐control pendimethalin. Their possible use as herbicidal chemicals or model compounds deserved more attention. The effects of compounds 1  –  9 on Spodoptera litura cultured cell line Sl‐1 cell proliferation and its morphology were also evaluated. The results indicated that compounds 1  –  5 affected Sl‐1 cell proliferation. Compound 3 showed more obvious proliferation inhibition activities on Sl‐1 cell than the positive‐control rotenone. With regard to the effect on morphology, compound 2 significantly changed Sl‐1 cell, resulting in cell blebbing and vacuole forming. Triterpenoids aremedicinally and agriculturally important, and cytotoxicity of the three new compounds 1  –  3 deserved further studies.     

头序楤木化学成分研究

自头序楤木70%EtOH提取物分得6个化合物,应用光谱技术(IR,MS,(?)~HNMR,~(13)C NMR.DEPT,2DNMR)及化学方法.确定了他们的结构,分别为β-谷甾醇(Ⅰ),胡萝卜甙(Ⅱ),齐墩果酸(Ⅲ),竹节参皂甙 (?)(Ⅳ):竹节参皂甙Ⅳa(Chikusetsusapomin Ⅳa)(Ⅴ),常春藤皂甙元—28-O-β-吡喃葡萄糖醛酸(1→4)-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖甙(Ⅵ),以上化合物均为首次从该植物中分得,其中Ⅵ为一新化合物.     

Carbohydrate Specificity of Lectins from Boletopsis leucomelas and Aralia cordate

The carbohydrate specificity of three novel lectins, Boletopsis leucomelas lectin (BLL), Aralia cordate lectin (ACL), and Wasabia japonica lectin (WJL), was examined by frontal affinity chromatography using a panel of fluorescently labeled 47 oligosaccharides. The results indicate that BLL recognizes an agalacto structure of the biantennary chain and its bisecting structure. ACL showed strong affinity for triantennary oligosaccharides, but no affinity for tetraantennary structure. WJL showed no appreciable affinity for any of the 47 glycans examined. These lectins with a unique affinity specificity might be useful for examining alterations in the glycan structures of the glycoconjugates in association with development and various diseases.     

广西五加科分类研究新评注

广西五加科植物不但种类丰富,占全国总种数的1/3强,而且经济价值大。中外驰名的人参,在广西引种已成功,有效成分与东北产人参相似,只是糖分略较东北人参为高;人们熟悉的五加皮酒的主药五加皮,广西产量大宗,有广阔的利用前景;民间治风湿要药枫荷桂,广西全境有产,储藏量大,也是一种有发展前途的草药。笔者借编著《广西植物志》之机,对我所馆藏的本科广西标本作了全面研究、订正。在研究叶形变异大的树参属(Dendropanax Decne.)和罗伞树属(Brassaiopsis Decne.)时,遇到了不少困难,后来得到美国哈佛大学植物标本馆给予借用于30年代在广西采的几个种的模式标本,才使困难得以解决。现已知广西五加科共有16属(野生),70种以上。本文报道65种。     

中国楤木属药用植物花粉和叶片的形态学研究

本文对12种国产楤忽木属药用植物的花粉和叶片进行了描扫电镜和组织解剖学研究,结果表明楤木属植物花粉表面纹饰除已发现的网纹型外,尚具脑纹型和中间过渡类型,花粉特征和某些形态相近种有分类价值;种间叶表特征差异较大,叶下表面特征可分为两类:楤木型和长刺楤木型,综合运用这些特征对于该植物种的鉴定是有价值的。     

Anthocyanin production in cultured cells of Aralia cordata Thunb.

High anthocyanin-producing cell lines, which were grown in a dark or in a light-dark regime, were selected from callus cultures initiated from stem and leaf tissues of Aralia cordata Thunb. by small-cell-aggregate selection. To verify the optimum culture conditions for anthocyanin production, cells were tested by changing the various basal media, sucrose concentration and nitrogen source and concentration. Good growth was obtained in the dark on Linsmaier-Skoog's basal medium containing 1.0 mg l^-1 2,4-d and 0.1 mg l^-1 kinetin, 2% (w/v) sucrose and full strength of nitrogen concentration. However, the highest anthocyanin yield (10.3% dry wt) was obtained in the dark on B5 medium containing 1.0 mg l^-1 2,4-d and 0.1 mg l^-1 kinetin. Our results suggested that it has became feasible to find the most effective conditions for cell growth and anthocyanin production by optimizations of the nitrogen concentration and the ratio of NH₄ ⁺ to NO₃ ^- in the medium.Abbreviations B5 Gamborg (Gamborg et al. 1968) - 2,4-d 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid - LS Linsmaier and Skoog (Linsmaier & Skoog 1965) - MS Murashige and Skoog (Murashige & Skoog 1962) - NN Nitsch and Nitsch (Nitsch & Nitsch 1967) - WH White (White 1963) This paper is part 81 in the series Studies on Plant Tissue Cultures. For Part 80 see Furuya T, Sakamoto K, Iida K, Asada Y, Yoshikawa T, Sakai S & Aimi N (1992) Phytochemistry 31: 3065–3068.