全文获取类型
收费全文 | 150篇 |
免费 | 7篇 |
国内免费 | 20篇 |
出版年
2021年 | 4篇 |
2020年 | 4篇 |
2019年 | 1篇 |
2018年 | 3篇 |
2017年 | 4篇 |
2016年 | 4篇 |
2015年 | 3篇 |
2014年 | 5篇 |
2013年 | 9篇 |
2012年 | 9篇 |
2011年 | 8篇 |
2010年 | 6篇 |
2009年 | 12篇 |
2008年 | 11篇 |
2007年 | 13篇 |
2006年 | 1篇 |
2005年 | 7篇 |
2004年 | 7篇 |
2003年 | 6篇 |
2002年 | 10篇 |
2001年 | 5篇 |
2000年 | 8篇 |
1999年 | 3篇 |
1998年 | 2篇 |
1997年 | 4篇 |
1996年 | 2篇 |
1995年 | 1篇 |
1994年 | 4篇 |
1993年 | 3篇 |
1991年 | 6篇 |
1990年 | 2篇 |
1989年 | 3篇 |
1988年 | 1篇 |
1987年 | 3篇 |
1986年 | 1篇 |
1982年 | 1篇 |
1967年 | 1篇 |
排序方式: 共有177条查询结果,搜索用时 31 毫秒
11.
To determine geographical patterns of natural parasite infections among wild rodents, a total of 46 wild rodents from 3 different localities in northern Gangwon-do (Province), Korea were examined for intestinal parasite infections. Along with nematodes such as hookworms and Syphacia spp., Plagiorchis muris (2 specimens) (Trematoda) were collected from striped field mice, Apodemus agrarius. In a Korean wood mouse, Apodemus peninsulae, the overall nematode infections were similar to A. agrarius, but an adult worm of Echinostoma hortense (Trematoda) was collected. In addition, 2 species of cestodes, i.e., Hymenolepis nana and Hymenolepis diminuta, were collected from A. agrarius. Through this survey, A. agrarius and A. peninsule were confirmed as the natural definite hosts for zoonotic intestinal helminths, i.e., P. muris, E. hortense, H. nana, and H. diminuta, in northern Gangwon-do, Korea. Considering increased leisure activities around these areas, seasonal and further comprehensive surveys on wild rodents seem to be needed to prevent zoonotic parasite infections. 相似文献
12.
I. M. Friberg S. Little C. Ralli A. Lowe A. Hall J. A. Jackson J. E. Bradley 《Molecular ecology》2013,22(10):2810-2826
Immune defences and the maintenance of immunological homeostasis in the face of pathogenic and commensal microbial exposures are channelled by innate antimicrobial pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) such as toll‐like receptors (TLRs). Whilst PRR‐mediated response programmes are the result of long‐term host‐pathogen or host–commensal co‐evolutionary dynamics involving microbes, an additional possibility is that macroparasitic co‐infections may be a significant modifier of such interactions. We demonstrate experimentally that macroparasites (the model gastrointestinal nematode, Heligmosomoides) at peripheral sites of infection cause substantial alteration of the expression and function of TLRs at a systemic level (in cultured splenocytes), predominantly up‐regulating TLR2, TLR4 and TLR9‐mediated cytokine responses at times of high standing worm burdens. We consistently observed such effects in BALB/c and C57BL/6 mice under single‐pulse and trickle exposures to Heligmosomoides larvae and in SWR and CBA mice under single‐pulse exposures. A complementary long‐term survey of TLR2‐mediated tumour necrosis factor‐alpha responses in wild wood mice (Apodemus sylvaticus) was consistent with substantial effects of macroparasites under some environmental conditions. A general pattern, though, was for the associations of macroparasites with TLR function to be temporally dynamic and context‐dependent: varying with different conditions of infection exposure in the field and laboratory and with host genetic strain in the laboratory. These results are compelling evidence that macroparasites are a major and dynamic modifier of systemic innate antimicrobial responsiveness in naturally occurring mammals and thus likely to be an important influence on the interaction between microbial exposures and the immune system. 相似文献
13.
为阐明高山姬鼠(Apodemus chevrieri)下丘脑神经肽表达量在季节性变化条件下对其体重调节的作用,测定了不同季节高山姬鼠的体重、体脂含量、食物摄入量以及血清瘦素浓度和神经肽Y(NPY)、刺鼠相关蛋白(Ag RP)、阿片促黑色素原(POMC)和可卡因-安他非明转录调节肽(CART)表达量。采用食物平衡法测定高山姬鼠的食物摄入量,体脂含量用索氏抽提法进行测定,采用实时荧光PCR仪测定下丘脑神经肽表达量。采用单因素方差分析或协方差分析进行检验,相关性采用Pearson相关分析。高山姬鼠的体重和体脂均出现了季节性变化,冬季较低,夏季较高。食物摄入量季节性差异显著,冬季较高,夏季最低。血清瘦素含量也出现了季节性变化,与体脂变化趋势类似,瘦素含量与脂肪含量呈正相关关系。下丘脑神经肽NPY、Ag RP、POMC和CART表达量季节性差异显著。食物摄入量与NPY和Ag RP负相关,与POMC和CART正相关。以上结果表明,高山姬鼠在季节性变化过程中冬季降低体重、体脂,增加摄入量来维持生存。瘦素通过作用于下丘脑神经肽基因来调节高山姬鼠的体重平衡。 相似文献
14.
Lopes PA Viegas-Cresp AM Nunes AC Pinheiro T Marques C Santos MC Mathias Mde L 《Biological trace element research》2002,85(3):227-239
The influence of age, gender and sexual activity on both hepatic levels of some trace elements (Fe, Cu, Zn, Mn, Se) and the
activities of glutathione-S-transferase (GST) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) was investigated in Wood mice (Apodemus sylvaticus) and Algerian mice (Mus spretus). Animals were taken from a riverside community of an unpolluted area of central Portugal. Adult A. sylvaticus presented the highest hepatic mean concentrations of Cu and Mn, whereas adult M. spretus had the highest Fe concentration in the liver. Moreover, an influence of age on the contents of Fe, Zn, and Mn has been observed
in A. sylvaticus, whereas in M. spretus an influence of gender and sexual activity was only detected on Zn levels. In contrast, enzyme activities were not influenced
by the studied variables, despite a tendency for an increase in SOD activity in sexually active M. spretus. GST activity was species dependent, whereas SOD activity was similar between species. These findings were analyzed regarding
the relationship of both essential trace elements and the two antioxidant enzymes with physiological and metabolic pathways
related to life cycles in the two species of mice. Results enhanced the understanding of A. sylvaticus and M. spretus as biological models, allowing their future use as bioindicators of environmental toxicity. 相似文献
15.
中华姬鼠与大林姬鼠的同工酶差异 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
中华姬鼠(Apodemusdraco)和大林姬鼠(Apodemuspeninsulae)是形态学上十分相似的两种鼠类。为了对两种姬鼠的分类提供生物化学方面的依据,采用聚丙烯酰胺凝胶等电聚焦电泳方法比较和分析了两种姬鼠的LDH同工酶、EST同工酶和SOD同工酶的差异。结果表明,两种姬鼠的LDH同工酶酶谱基本相似,而EST同工酶和SOD同工酶酶谱则存在明显的种间差异。根据EST同工酶A2带的有无和SOD同工酶主带等电点的差别,能将两种姬鼠很容易区分开来。 相似文献
16.
Aim The distinct nature of island populations has traditionally been attributed either to adaptation to particular insular conditions or to random genetic effects. In order to assess the relative importance of these two disparate processes, insular effects were addressed in the European wood mouse, Apodemus sylvaticus (Linnaeus, 1758). Location Wood mice from 33 localities on both mainland and various Atlantic and western Mediterranean islands were considered. This sampling covers only part of the latitudinal range of A. sylvaticus but included the two main genetic clades identified by previous studies. Islands encompass a range of geographical conditions (e.g. small islands fringing the continent through large and isolated ones). Methods The insular syndrome primarily invokes variations in body size, but ecological factors such as release from competition, niche widening and food availability should also influence other characters related to diet. In the present study, the morphology of the wood mice was quantified based on two characters involved in feeding: the size and shape of the mandibles and first upper molars. The size of the mandible is also a proxy for the body size of the animal. Patterns of morphological differentiation of both features were estimated using two‐dimensional outline analysis based on Fourier methods. Results Significant differences between mainland and island populations were observed in most cases for both the mandibles and molars. However, molars and mandibles displayed divergent patterns. Mandible shape diverged mostly on islands of intermediate remoteness and competition levels, whereas molars exhibited the greatest shape differentiation on small islands, such as Port‐Cros and Porquerolles. A mosaic pattern was also displayed for size. Body and mandible size increased on Ibiza, but molar size remained similar to mainland populations. Mosaic patterns were, however, not apparent in the mainland populations. Congruent latitudinal variations were evident for the size and shape of both mandibles and molars. Main conclusions Mosaic evolution appears to characterize insular divergence. The molar seems to be more prone to change with reduced population size on small islands, whereas the mandible could be more sensitive to peculiar environmental conditions on large and remote islands. 相似文献
17.
18.
在野外围栏条件下,采用重复的2×2×2析因实验设计,测定食物、捕食和竞争物种黑线姬鼠对东方田鼠攻击行为作用的格局。东方田鼠各处理种群攻击水平与其种群密度的相关甚为复杂,与Chitty多态行为假设的预测不一致。东方田鼠双冲突个体间的攻击水平与其体重的相关不显著,而与冲突个体的体重差异则呈显著的负相关,体重差异越大,冲突个体间的攻击水平越低。雄体攻击水平与其繁殖特征无显著的相关关系,而雌体间攻击水平则受繁殖状态的影响,动情雌体间的攻击水平显著地高于非动情雌体。体重差异和食物对雄体的攻击行为具有极显著的独立作用,捕食和种间竞争对雄体攻击行为的独立作用不显著,而捕食与种间竞争交互作用对雄体攻击行为的效应则达到显著水平。体重差异、食物、捕食和种间竞争对动情雌体的攻击水平均有极显著的独立作用,3类外部因子交互作用的效应达到极显著水平;而3类外部因子交互作用对非动情雌体攻击行为的效应则不显著。结果检验了外部因子食物、捕食、种间竞争对田鼠类动物种群攻击行为具有独立和累加的整合效应的假设。 相似文献
19.
20.
Jakub Kreisinger Géraldine Bastien Heidi C Hauffe Julian Marchesi Sarah E Perkins 《Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences》2015,370(1675)
The gut microbiota is vital to host health and, as such, it is important to elucidate the mechanisms altering its composition and diversity. Intestinal helminths are host immunomodulators and have evolved both temporally and spatially in close association with the gut microbiota, resulting in potential mechanistic interplay. Host–helminth and host–microbiota interactions are comparatively well-examined, unlike microbiota–helminth relationships, which typically focus on experimental infection with a single helminth species in laboratory animals. Here, in addition to a review of the literature on helminth–microbiota interactions, we examined empirically the association between microbiota diversity and composition and natural infection of multiple helminth species in wild mice (Apodemus flavicollis), using 16S rRNA gene catalogues (metataxonomics). In general, helminth presence is linked with high microbiota diversity, which may confer health benefits to the host. Within our wild rodent system variation in the composition and abundance of gut microbial taxa associated with helminths was specific to each helminth species and occurred both up- and downstream of a given helminth''s niche (gut position). The most pronounced helminth–microbiota association was between the presence of tapeworms in the small intestine and increased S24–7 (Bacteroidetes) family in the stomach. Helminths clearly have the potential to alter gut homeostasis. Free-living rodents with a diverse helminth community offer a useful model system that enables both correlative (this study) and manipulative inference to elucidate helminth–microbiota interactions. 相似文献